南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对公子小丑鱼生长性能、饲料利用和体色的影响
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摘要
以初始体质量为0.70±0.04g的公子小丑鱼为研究对象,采用南极磷虾粉分别替代饲料中0%、30%、60%和90%的鱼粉,配制四种等氮等能饲料(对照组S0、S30、S60和S90),在循环水养殖系统中开展50d的投喂实验,研究南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对公子小丑鱼生长性能、饲料利用和体色的影响。结果表明:随着南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉比例的升高,公子小丑鱼的质量增加率WG和特定生长率SGR均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且30%替代组显著高于其他组。饲料系数FCE在不同处理组间也存在显著性差异,南极磷虾粉替代30%鱼粉组的小丑鱼饲料系数最低。基于特定生长率和饲料系数的二次回归模型计算南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉的最佳比例为40.24%～41.77%。饲料中添加南极磷虾粉投喂公子小丑鱼后,其头部、背部和尾部橘黄色斑块的颜色亮度L*、a*和b*色度值都出现不同程度的升高,说明南极磷虾粉增强了小丑鱼的色彩饱和度,起到了着色作用。
This article selected juvenile ocellaris clownfish with the initial weight of 0.70±0.04 g and formulated four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets(i.e.,S0,S30,S60 and S90),to study the effect of graded levels(0%,30%,60%and 90%)of fish meal replaced by Antarctic krill meal on growth performance,feed utilization and body color in a recirculating aquaculture system during the 50-day feeding experiment.The results showed that weight gain(WG)and specific growth rate(SGR)of ocellaris clownfish firstly rose and then declined with the increasing proportions of Antarctic krill meal,of which S30 were significantly higher than other groups.There were also significant differences in feed coefficient(FCE)among different treatment groups,and the lowest values occurred at treatment S30.Based on the second-order polynomial regression models of SGR and FCE,it was concluded that 40.24%～41.77%proportions of fish meal repalced by Antarctic krill meal were optimal for ocellaris clownfish.Antarctic krill meal supplement in diets increased the L*,a* and b* values of color space on the head,dorsum and tail of ocellaris clownfish to some extent,which demonstrated that it enhanced the color saturation of ocellaris clownfish and played an important role in coloration.
This article selected juvenile ocellaris clownfish with the initial weight of 0.70±0.04 g and formulated four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets(i.e.,S0,S30,S60 and S90),to study the effect of graded levels(0%,30%,60%and 90%)of fish meal replaced by Antarctic krill meal on growth performance,feed utilization and body color in a recirculating aquaculture system during the 50-day feeding experiment.The results showed that weight gain(WG)and specific growth rate(SGR)of ocellaris clownfish firstly rose and then declined with the increasing proportions of Antarctic krill meal,of which S30 were significantly higher than other groups.There were also significant differences in feed coefficient(FCE)among different treatment groups,and the lowest values occurred at treatment S30.Based on the second-order polynomial regression models of SGR and FCE,it was concluded that 40.24%～41.77%proportions of fish meal repalced by Antarctic krill meal were optimal for ocellaris clownfish.Antarctic krill meal supplement in diets increased the L*,a* and b* values of color space on the head,dorsum and tail of ocellaris clownfish to some extent,which demonstrated that it enhanced the color saturation of ocellaris clownfish and played an important role in coloration.
引文
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[11]魏佳丽.磷虾粉在星斑川鲽和珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼饲料中的应用研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2015
[12]全沁果,段伟文,曾雪鸽,等.南极磷虾粉成分分析及营养学评价[J].食品与机械,2018,34(9):68-76
[13]SUONTAMA J,KARLSEN,MOREN M,et al.Growth,feed conversion and chemical composition of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar L.)and Atlantic halibut(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.)fed diets supplemented with krill or amphipods[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2007,13(4):241-255
[14]TIBBETTS S M,OLSEN R E,LALL S P.Effects of partial or total replacement of fish meal with freeze-dried krill(Euphausia superba)on growth and nutrient utilization of juvenile Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua)and Atlantic halibut(Hippoglossus hippoglossus)fed the same practical diets[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2011,17(3):287-303
[15]孙来娣,高华,刘坤,等.南极磷虾粉中虾青素的提取[J].食品与发酵工业,2013,39(3):196-201
[16]李艳艳,翟占军,张银花,等.虾青素在水产养殖上的应用[J].北京农学院学报,2011,50(3):144-146
[17]张芬,王亚如,朱志煌,等.虾青素对红小丑鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].渔业研究,2017,39(3):188-194
[18]张宝龙,曲木,孙榕,等.饲料不同着色剂对狮子头金鱼生长及体色变化的影响[J].科技资讯,2018,11:230-238
[2]杨晨,钟鸿干,李洪武.珊瑚礁鱼类公子小丑鱼人工繁殖和育苗技术[J].水产养殖,2012,33(5):39-41
[3]叶乐,杨其彬,吴开畅.小丑鱼幼鱼人工配合饲料初步研究[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(8):3555-3556
[4]袁玥,李学英,王宪时,等.南极磷虾粉营养成分的分析与比较[J].海洋渔业,2012,34(4):457-463
[5]徐吟梅,邱卫华,余丽萍,等.南极磷虾粉的营养与功能[J].现代渔业信息,2010,25(8):14-16
[6]龚洋洋,黄艳青,陆建学,等.南极磷虾粉在水产饲料中的应用研究进展[J].海洋渔业,2013,35(2):236-242
[7]麦康森,魏玉婷,王嘉,等.南极磷虾的主要营养组成及其在水产饲料中的应用[J].中国海洋大学学报,2016,46(11):1-15
[8]张晨,刘倩,顾宪明,等.饲料中不同添加剂组合对锦鲤生长和体色的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2017,32(4),410-415
[9]YOSHITOMI B,AOKI M,OSHIMA S,et al.Evaluation of krill(Euphausia superba)meal as a partial replacement for fish meal in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)diets[J].Aquaculture,2006,261(1):440-446
[10]严俊丽,陈四清,常青,等.南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对圆斑星鲽幼鱼生长性能、血清和肝脏生化指标及血清非特异性免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(11):3503-3510
[11]魏佳丽.磷虾粉在星斑川鲽和珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼饲料中的应用研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2015
[12]全沁果,段伟文,曾雪鸽,等.南极磷虾粉成分分析及营养学评价[J].食品与机械,2018,34(9):68-76
[13]SUONTAMA J,KARLSEN,MOREN M,et al.Growth,feed conversion and chemical composition of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar L.)and Atlantic halibut(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.)fed diets supplemented with krill or amphipods[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2007,13(4):241-255
[14]TIBBETTS S M,OLSEN R E,LALL S P.Effects of partial or total replacement of fish meal with freeze-dried krill(Euphausia superba)on growth and nutrient utilization of juvenile Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua)and Atlantic halibut(Hippoglossus hippoglossus)fed the same practical diets[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2011,17(3):287-303
[15]孙来娣,高华,刘坤,等.南极磷虾粉中虾青素的提取[J].食品与发酵工业,2013,39(3):196-201
[16]李艳艳,翟占军,张银花,等.虾青素在水产养殖上的应用[J].北京农学院学报,2011,50(3):144-146
[17]张芬,王亚如,朱志煌,等.虾青素对红小丑鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].渔业研究,2017,39(3):188-194
[18]张宝龙,曲木,孙榕,等.饲料不同着色剂对狮子头金鱼生长及体色变化的影响[J].科技资讯,2018,11:230-238