好氧颗粒污泥处理畜禽养殖沼液污染物的特性
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摘要
采用序批式反应器,研究了好氧颗粒污泥处理畜禽养殖沼液中传统和新兴污染物的去除特性,以及系统的微生物群落结构演变情况.结果表明,畜禽沼液所含高浓度污染物不会对好氧颗粒污泥结构产生显著毒性胁迫,好氧颗粒污泥系统可实现对沼液所含有机物和氨氮的稳定去除.系统出水平均化学需氧量和氨氮浓度分别为(267±81) mg·L~(-1)和(62±12) mg·L~(-1),去除效率分别为73%±8%和91%±2%.同时,也可实现对沼液所含四环素类和磺胺类抗生素的有效去除,去除效率分别为65%±16%和98%±2%.但对磷素的去除效率较低,约为16%±2%.好氧颗粒污泥系统处理沼液过程中微生物群落结构稳定,但其中功能微生物菌群丰度会受到水质的作用影响,从毛单胞菌科Comamonadaceae(相对丰度约为16. 66%)为污泥中的主导微生物群落.
This research investigated the performance of an aerobic granular reactor treating biogas slurry from pig farm. Results indicated that the granular structure of aerobic sludge was not affected by the high pollution concentrationsin the biogas slurry. Although a low removal rate of phosphate was found in this study(about 16% ± 2%),organic matter and ammonia nitrogen showed stable removal and transformation in the granular system,and the effluent concentrations of those components were(267 ± 81) mg·L~(-1) and(62 ± 12) mg·L~(-1),respectively. In addition,the removal rate of sulfamethazine and tetracycline was 98% ± 2% and 65% ± 16%,respectively. During the process biogas slurry treatment,bacterial communities in the aerobic granular reactor remained stable,and Comamonadaceae was the dominant bacteria(relative abundance ofapproximately 16. 66%).
This research investigated the performance of an aerobic granular reactor treating biogas slurry from pig farm. Results indicated that the granular structure of aerobic sludge was not affected by the high pollution concentrationsin the biogas slurry. Although a low removal rate of phosphate was found in this study(about 16% ± 2%),organic matter and ammonia nitrogen showed stable removal and transformation in the granular system,and the effluent concentrations of those components were(267 ± 81) mg·L~(-1) and(62 ± 12) mg·L~(-1),respectively. In addition,the removal rate of sulfamethazine and tetracycline was 98% ± 2% and 65% ± 16%,respectively. During the process biogas slurry treatment,bacterial communities in the aerobic granular reactor remained stable,and Comamonadaceae was the dominant bacteria(relative abundance ofapproximately 16. 66%).
引文
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[13] De-Bashan L E,Moreno M,Hernandez J P,et al. Removal of ammonium and phosphorus ions from synthetic wastewater by the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris coimmobilized in alginate beads with the microalgae growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense[J]. Water Research,2002,36(12):2941-2948.
[14]王亮,陈重军,陈英旭,等.规模化猪场养殖废水UASBSFSBR-MAP处理工艺中试研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):979-985.Wang L,Chen C J,Chen Y X,et al. Effect of pilot UASBSFSBR-MAP process for the large scale swine wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Science,2013,34(3):979-985.
[15]何理,高大文,刘琳,等.养猪废水处理过程中体积交换率对好氧污泥颗粒化的影响[J].环境工程,2015,33(9):69-73.He L,Gao D W,Liu L,et al. Effect of volume exchange rate in aerobic granulation of treating swine wastewater[J].Environmental Engineering,2015,33(9):69-73.
[16] Li B,Zhang T. Biodegradation and adsorption of antibiotics in the activated sludge process[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44(9):3468-3473.
[17] Prado N,Ochoa J,Amrane A. Biodegradation and biosorption of tetracycline and tylosin antibiotics in activated sludge system[J].Process Biochemistry,2009,44(11):1302-1306.
[18] Müller E,Schüssler W,Horn H,et al. Aerobic biodegradation of the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole by activated sludge applied as co-substrate and sole carbon and nitrogen source[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(8):969-978.
[19] Kassotaki E,Buttiglieri G,Ferrando-Climent L,et al. Enhanced sulfamethoxazole degradation through ammonia oxidizing bacteria co-metabolism and fate of transformation products[J]. Water Research,2016,94:111-119.
[20]方芳,陈少华.功能基因在反硝化菌群生态学研究中的应用[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(9):1836-1845.Fang F,Chen S H. Application of functional genes in the study of the ecology of denitrifying bacteria:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2010,29(9):1836-1845.
[21] Nguyen H T T,Le V Q,Hansen A A,et al. High diversity and abundance of putative polyphosphate-accumulating Tetrasphaerarelated bacteria in activated sludge systems[J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2011,76(2):256-267.
[22] Adav S S,Lee D J,Show K Y,et al. Aerobic granular sludge:recent advances[J]. Biotechnology Advances,2008,26(5):411-423.
[23] Pal L,Kraigher B,Brajer-Humar B,et al. Total bacterial and ammonia-oxidizer community structure in moving bed biofilm reactors treating municipal wastewater and inorganic synthetic wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology,2012,110:135-143.
[24] Anthonisen A C,Loehr R C,Prakasam T B,et al. Inhibition of nitrification by ammonia and nitrous acid[J]. Journal-Water Pollution Control Federation,1976,48(5):835-852.
[25] Liu L,Gibson V,Huang X,et al. Effects of antibiotics on characteristics and microbial resistance of aerobic granules in sequencing batch reactors[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment,2016,57(18):8252-8261.
[26] Rosenberg E,De Long E F,Lory S,et al. The Prokaryotes:Gammaproteobacteria(4th ed.)[M]. Berlin:Springer,2014.
[2]孙建平,郑平,胡宝兰.多种抗生素对畜禽废水厌氧消化的联合抑制[J].环境科学,2009,30(9):2619-2624.Sun J P,Zheng P,Hu B L. Combined effect of antibiotics on anaerobic digestion of piggery wastewater[J]. Environmental Science,2009,30(9):2619-2624.
[3]廖杰,徐熙安,刘玉洪,等.水生植物滤床深度处理养殖废水过程中抗生素与抗性基因的响应研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(8):2464-2470.Liao J,Xu X A,Liu Y H,et al. Removal and response of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes during advanced treatment of livestock wastewater by aquatic plant filter bed[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(8):2464-2470.
[4] Van Loosdrecht M C M,Brdjanovic D. Anticipating the next century of wastewater treatment[J]. Science, 2014, 344(6191):1452-1453.
[5] Liu L,You Q Y,Gibson V,et al. Treatment of swine wastewater in aerobic granular reactors:comparison of different seed granules as factors[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering,2015,9(6):1139-1148.
[6] Morales N,Figueroa M,Fra-Vázquez A,et al. Operation of an aerobic granular pilot scale SBR plant to treat swine slurry[J].Process Biochemistry,2013,48(8):1216-1221.
[7] Figueroa M,Van Del Río A,Campos J L,et al. Treatment of high loaded swine slurry in an aerobic granular reactor[J]. Water Science and Technology,2011,63(9):1808-1814.
[8]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[9] Liu L,Liu Y H,Wang Z,et al. Behavior of tetracycline and sulfamethazine with corresponding resistance genes from swine wastewater in pilot-scale constructed wetlands[J]. Journal of hazardous materials,2014,278:304-310.
[10] Zheng Y M,Yu H Q,Sheng G P. Physical and chemical characteristics of granular activated sludge from a sequencing batch airlift reactor[J]. Process Biochemistry,2005,40(2):645-650.
[11]刘丽,任婷婷,徐得潜,等.高强度好氧颗粒污泥的培养及特性研究[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(4):360-364.Liu L,Ren T T,Xu D Q,et al. Cultivation and characteristics of the high strength aerobic granular sludge[J]. China Environmental Science,2008,28(4):360-364.
[12] Gao D W,Liu L,Liang H,et al. Aerobic granular sludge:characterization,mechanism of granulation and application to wastewater treatment[J]. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,2011,31(2):137-152.
[13] De-Bashan L E,Moreno M,Hernandez J P,et al. Removal of ammonium and phosphorus ions from synthetic wastewater by the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris coimmobilized in alginate beads with the microalgae growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense[J]. Water Research,2002,36(12):2941-2948.
[14]王亮,陈重军,陈英旭,等.规模化猪场养殖废水UASBSFSBR-MAP处理工艺中试研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):979-985.Wang L,Chen C J,Chen Y X,et al. Effect of pilot UASBSFSBR-MAP process for the large scale swine wastewater treatment[J]. Environmental Science,2013,34(3):979-985.
[15]何理,高大文,刘琳,等.养猪废水处理过程中体积交换率对好氧污泥颗粒化的影响[J].环境工程,2015,33(9):69-73.He L,Gao D W,Liu L,et al. Effect of volume exchange rate in aerobic granulation of treating swine wastewater[J].Environmental Engineering,2015,33(9):69-73.
[16] Li B,Zhang T. Biodegradation and adsorption of antibiotics in the activated sludge process[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44(9):3468-3473.
[17] Prado N,Ochoa J,Amrane A. Biodegradation and biosorption of tetracycline and tylosin antibiotics in activated sludge system[J].Process Biochemistry,2009,44(11):1302-1306.
[18] Müller E,Schüssler W,Horn H,et al. Aerobic biodegradation of the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole by activated sludge applied as co-substrate and sole carbon and nitrogen source[J].Chemosphere,2013,92(8):969-978.
[19] Kassotaki E,Buttiglieri G,Ferrando-Climent L,et al. Enhanced sulfamethoxazole degradation through ammonia oxidizing bacteria co-metabolism and fate of transformation products[J]. Water Research,2016,94:111-119.
[20]方芳,陈少华.功能基因在反硝化菌群生态学研究中的应用[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(9):1836-1845.Fang F,Chen S H. Application of functional genes in the study of the ecology of denitrifying bacteria:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2010,29(9):1836-1845.
[21] Nguyen H T T,Le V Q,Hansen A A,et al. High diversity and abundance of putative polyphosphate-accumulating Tetrasphaerarelated bacteria in activated sludge systems[J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2011,76(2):256-267.
[22] Adav S S,Lee D J,Show K Y,et al. Aerobic granular sludge:recent advances[J]. Biotechnology Advances,2008,26(5):411-423.
[23] Pal L,Kraigher B,Brajer-Humar B,et al. Total bacterial and ammonia-oxidizer community structure in moving bed biofilm reactors treating municipal wastewater and inorganic synthetic wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology,2012,110:135-143.
[24] Anthonisen A C,Loehr R C,Prakasam T B,et al. Inhibition of nitrification by ammonia and nitrous acid[J]. Journal-Water Pollution Control Federation,1976,48(5):835-852.
[25] Liu L,Gibson V,Huang X,et al. Effects of antibiotics on characteristics and microbial resistance of aerobic granules in sequencing batch reactors[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment,2016,57(18):8252-8261.
[26] Rosenberg E,De Long E F,Lory S,et al. The Prokaryotes:Gammaproteobacteria(4th ed.)[M]. Berlin:Springer,2014.