中国体育产业结构的形塑逻辑与供给侧改革路径
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摘要
随着中国体育产业供给侧结构性改革的深入推进,体育产业结构问题显得尤为突出。采用新供给经济学、产业经济学相关理论,剖析体育产业结构的现状与问题,探寻体育产业结构的形塑逻辑,解构体育产业结构的供给侧改革路径。体育产业结构的现实状况是产值结构、就业结构和供给结构不合理,需求结构逐渐趋于合理。体育产业结构存在的问题有产值结构与就业结构不合理,制约体育产业高质量发展;供给结构与需求结构不匹配,制约人民美好生活需要;体育产业结构内部各要素配置不合理,制约体育产业结构优化升级;体育产业结构存在供需矛盾,制约体育产业供给侧改革的深入推进。体育产业结构的形塑逻辑是,体育产业结构要以助力体育产业高质量发展为要求,要以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要为目标,要以推动体育产业结构向合理化和高级化发展为方向,要以深化体育产业供给侧结构性改革为重点。体育产业结构的供给侧改革要求明晰政府与市场边界,助力体育产业高质量发展;改革目标是增加有效供给、减少无效供给,满足人民日益增长的体育需要;改革方向是发挥体育主导产业的辐射带动作用,推动体育产业结构向合理化和高级化发展;改革重点在于补体育产业发展短板,深化体育产业供给侧结构性改革。
With the deepening of the supply-side structural reform of sports industry,the problem of sports industry structure is particularly salient. Based on the theories of new supply economics and industrial economics,this paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of sports industry structure,explored the shaping logic of sports industry structure,and deconstructed the supply-side reform path of sports industry structure. The reality of the sports industry structure:the output value structure,employment structure,and supply structure are unreasonable,and the demand structure is gradually becoming more reasonable. Problems in the structure of sports industry included the output structure and employment structure of sports industry are unreasonable,restricting the high-quality development of the sports industry;the supply structure and demand structure of the sports industry do not match,restricting the people's needs for a better life;the internal allocation of various elements of the sports industry structure is unreasonable,restricting the optimization and upgrading of the sports industry structure;the contradiction between supply and demand in the sports industry structure,restricting the in-depth promotion of the supply side reform of the sports industry. The shaping logic of the sports industry structure:the sports industry structure need to help high quality development of sports industry as its demand,need to meet people's increasing needs as its goal,need to promote development of the high-level sports to the rationalization of industrial structure as its direction,need to deepen the sports industry structural supply side reform as its emphasis. The demand of supply-side reform of sports industry structure:clarifying the boundary between government and market to promote the high-quality development of sports industry;reform objectives:increasing effective supply and reducing ineffective supply to meet the growing sports needs of the people;reform direction:giving full play to the radiation leading role of sports industry and promoting the rationalization and advanced development of the sports industry structure;reform focus:complementing the short-term development of the sportsindustry and deepeningthe structuralreform ofthe supply side ofthe sportsindustry.
With the deepening of the supply-side structural reform of sports industry,the problem of sports industry structure is particularly salient. Based on the theories of new supply economics and industrial economics,this paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of sports industry structure,explored the shaping logic of sports industry structure,and deconstructed the supply-side reform path of sports industry structure. The reality of the sports industry structure:the output value structure,employment structure,and supply structure are unreasonable,and the demand structure is gradually becoming more reasonable. Problems in the structure of sports industry included the output structure and employment structure of sports industry are unreasonable,restricting the high-quality development of the sports industry;the supply structure and demand structure of the sports industry do not match,restricting the people's needs for a better life;the internal allocation of various elements of the sports industry structure is unreasonable,restricting the optimization and upgrading of the sports industry structure;the contradiction between supply and demand in the sports industry structure,restricting the in-depth promotion of the supply side reform of the sports industry. The shaping logic of the sports industry structure:the sports industry structure need to help high quality development of sports industry as its demand,need to meet people's increasing needs as its goal,need to promote development of the high-level sports to the rationalization of industrial structure as its direction,need to deepen the sports industry structural supply side reform as its emphasis. The demand of supply-side reform of sports industry structure:clarifying the boundary between government and market to promote the high-quality development of sports industry;reform objectives:increasing effective supply and reducing ineffective supply to meet the growing sports needs of the people;reform direction:giving full play to the radiation leading role of sports industry and promoting the rationalization and advanced development of the sports industry structure;reform focus:complementing the short-term development of the sportsindustry and deepeningthe structuralreform ofthe supply side ofthe sportsindustry.
引文
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[2]黄海燕.我国体育产业结构评价与优化对策[J].武汉体育学院学报,2014,48(04):27-30+37.
[3]安俊英,杨倩,黄海燕.基于灰色系统理论的我国体育产业结构预测研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2017,32(05):406-410.
[4]任波,戴俊,夏成前,徐磊,等.中国体育产业结构的内涵解析与供给侧优化[J].北京体育大学学报,2018,41(4):16-23.
[5]何胜保.“京津冀都市圈”体育产业结构演化与经济增长的耦合关联研究[J].首都体育学院学报,2016,28(01):18-22+27.
[6]任波.中国体育产业结构的形成机理、演进逻辑与优化策略[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2018,37(04):14-20.
[7]刘树林.产业经济学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012:357-359.
[8]吴超林,杨晓生.体育产业经济学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015:64-85.
[9]曹可强.体育产业概论[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2014:205-209.
[10] 2017年体育产业已成为国民经济新的增长点——专访国家体育总局体育经济司司长刘扶民[EB/OL].http://sports.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0114/c202403-30526597.html
[11]国家统计局国家体育总局.2017年全国体育产业总规模与增加值数据公告[EB/OL].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201901/t20190108_1643790.html.
[12] 2017年我国文化及相关产业增加值占GDP比重为4.2%[EB/OL].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201810/t20181010_1626867.html.
[13] 2017年全国旅游及相关产业增加值占国内生产总值的比重为4.53%[EB/OL]..http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201901/t20190118_1645545.html.
[14]国新办就《全民健身计划(2011—2015年)》实施效果评估总体情况举行发布会[EB/OL].http://www.china.com.cn/zhibo/2015-12/23/content_37380124.htm.
[15]旅游业对GDP和就业贡献均超10%[EB/OL].http://travel.people.com.cn/n1/2017/1114/c41570-29643996.html.
[16]张建辉,黄海燕,约翰·诺瑞德.国际体育产业发展报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2017:150-151.
[17] 2016年度国家体育产业统计数据发布[EB/OL].http://sports.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0113/c14820-29762646.html.
[18] 2016年我国旅游总收入预计达4.69万亿元[EB/OL].http://www.xinhuanet.com//fortune/2017-01/13/c_1120306667.htm.
[19]苏东水.产业经济学[M].第四版.北京:高等教育出版社,2017:211-215.
[20]任波,戴俊.我国城乡居民消费支出与体育产业发展互动关系的计量研究:基于2006-2015年的时间序列数据[J].天津体育学院学报,2017,32(01):87-92.
[21]卢嘉鑫,张社平.体育产业发展理论与政策[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2011.
[22] 2014年全民健身活动状况调查公报[EB/OL].http://www.sport.gov.cn/n16/n1077/n1422/7300210.html.
[23]习近平.决胜全面建成小康社会夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利——在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告[M].北京:人民出版社,2017:11.
[24]赵玉林.产业经济学原理及案例[M].第三版.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2016:48-48.
[25]体育事业发展成就展[EB/OL].http://www.sport.gov.cn/n16/n1077/n1467/n3010863/n3010938/3018104.html.
[26]李克强2016夏季达沃斯论坛致辞实录[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zhuanti/2016-06/27/content_5085953.htm.
[27]习近平总书记在省部级主要领导干部学习贯彻十八届五中全会精神专题研讨班上的讲话[EB/OL]http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-01/22/content_5035422.htm.
[28]朱克力.供给侧改革引领“十三五”[M].北京:中信出版社,2016:65-69.
[29]张瑞林.体育管理学[M].第三版.北京:高等教育出版社,2015:360-369.
[30]习近平:从生产领域加强优质供给[EB/OL].http://www.xinhuanet.com//fortune/2016-01/27/c_128673404.htm.
[31]吴敬琏.供给侧改革——经济转型重塑中国布局[M].北京:中国文史出版社,2016.
[32]丛湖平,罗建英.体育赛事产业区域核心竞争力形成机制研究[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社,2011.
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[34]人民网-人民日报.补短板:当前深化供给侧结构性改革的重点任务[EB/OL].http://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2018/1010/c40531-30331513.html.