果树胚胎败育的原因及胚挽救技术研究进展
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摘要
该文综述了果树胚胎败育的解剖学分析、内源激素及基因调控与胚胎败育的关系,并对影响胚挽救技术因子——接种时间、基本培养基、外源激素和糖类物质、活性炭以及光照条件进行简介,提出目前果树胎败育研究中的热点以及胚挽救技术的不足之处。
This article introduced the causes of fruit embryo abortion including the cells anatomy,endogenesis hormone and gene regulation. The facts concerning embryo saving were summarized,which comprised the inoculation time,the basic medium,exogenous hormones,carbohydrate,activated carbon and light condition.Based on the analysis of above,the hot spot for further researching,the problems and potential prospects of saving technology were discussed.
This article introduced the causes of fruit embryo abortion including the cells anatomy,endogenesis hormone and gene regulation. The facts concerning embryo saving were summarized,which comprised the inoculation time,the basic medium,exogenous hormones,carbohydrate,activated carbon and light condition.Based on the analysis of above,the hot spot for further researching,the problems and potential prospects of saving technology were discussed.
引文
[1]赵艳华,程和禾,吴雅琴,等.早熟甜樱桃胚挽救研究[J].河北农业科学,2008,12(4):69-72.
[2]扈惠灵,冷平,高琪洁.磨盘柿杂种败育特性的研究[J].果树学报,2006,23(1):13-16.
[3]罗来水,肖德兴,霍光华,等.新白凤桃花粉的发生发育[J].江西农业大学学报,1998,20(4):448-451.
[4]罗来水,肖德兴,霍光华,等.桃雄性不育的表现形式及其败育途径[J].果树学报,2000,17(2):89-96.
[5]刘颂颂,叶永畅,招晓东,等.无核荔枝种子败育的胚胎学研究[J].华南农业大学学报,1999,20(2):41-46.
[6]王近卫,掘内昭作,林泊年,等.无核白葡萄的无核果形成的组织形态学研究[J].园艺学报,1992,19(1):1-6.
[7]Chen W,Lu L X.Endogenous hormones in relation to embryo development in litch[J].Acta Hort.2001,558:247-250.
[8]陈伟,吕柳新,黄春梅,等.乌叶荔枝胚胎发育过程特异蛋白的变化[J].园艺学报,2001,28(6):504-508.
[9]夏培蓓,伍新宇,吴玉霞,等.白木纳格葡萄败育型胚珠培养研究[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(7):1201-1204.
[10]Ponce M T,Agüero C B,Gregori M T.Factors affecting the development of stenospermic grape(Vitis vinifera L.)embryos cultured in vitro[J].Acta Horticulturae,2000,528:667-671.
[11]梁春莉,刘孟军,赵锦.植物种子败育研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2005,3(1):117-122.
[12]赵晓东,董文轩,计永胜,等.苹果属四倍性皱叶矮生株系小孢子败育过程的解剖观察[J].果树学报,2010,27(4):490-495.
[13]郭艳玲,张绍铃,李六林,等.新高梨雄性不育细胞学特征及膜脂过氧化研究[J].江苏农业学报,2007,23(1):54-57.
[14]王湘平,赵志虎,王宏国,等.乙烯诱导荔枝小孢子败育途径的超微结构观察[J].福建农林大学学报,2008,37(5):477-482.
[15]姚家琳,付春华,胡春根.李胚胎发育败育现象的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2000,19(1):71-73.
[16]吕柳新,陈桂信.蕉柑大孢子与珠心胚的发生发育[J].福建农业大学学报,1997,26(4):397-400.
[17]万涛,肖德兴,常青山.番木瓜胚胎发育与杂交种子败育的研究[J].果树学报,2011,28(4):699-702.
[18]Jingwei Wang,Horiuchi S,Ogata T.et al.Relation between the formation of parthenocarpic berries and endogenous plant hormone contents in seedless grape cultivars[J].Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science,1993,62(1):9-14.
[19]Liuxin Lu.A review of embryo development in Litchi[J].Acta Hort.(ISHS),2001,558:241-242.
[20]Fukui,H,Imakawa,S,Tamura,T.Investigaions on the factors of in vitro embryo development in relation to early fruit drop in apple(Malus pumila)[J].Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University,1990,17(1):18-24.
[21]叶明志,肖振通,吕柳新,等.荔枝幼果内源生长调节物的消长与胚胎发育的关系[J].福建农学院学报,1990,19(3):268-272.
[22]吕柳新,余小玲,叶明志,等.荔枝胚胎发育机制的探讨[J].福建农学院学报,1989,18(2):149-155.
[23]黄碧光,叶明志,吕柳新.蕉柑幼果内源激素和多胺的消长与种子败育的关系[J].福建农业大学学报,1997,26(4):411-415.
[24]周志翔,章文才,夏仁学,等.板栗果实发育与子房内源激素含量的关系研究[J].中国农业科学,2000,33(3):36-42.
[25]Meinke D W.Perspective on genetic analysis of plant embryogenesis[J].Plant Cell,1991,3:857-866.
[26]Elster R,Bommert P,Sheridan W F,et al.A nalysis of four embryo-specific mutants in Zea mays reveals that incomplete radial organization of the proembryo interferes with subsequent development[J].Development Genes and Evolution,2000,210:300-310.
[27]张莉,孟新法,张潞生,等.无核葡萄胚珠发育及早期离体培养的研究Ⅱ.无核葡萄胚发育的特点[J].北京农业大学学报,1991,17(4):55-59.
[28]张以顺,向旭,傅家瑞,等.荔枝败育胚S-腺苷甲硫氨酸合成酶基因的全长扩增和序列分析[J].园艺学报,2004,31(2):160-164.
[29]Jose X,Chaparro W B.Culture date and germination procedure affects success of nectarine ovule and embryo culture[J].Fruit Varieties Journal,1994,48(3):173-175.
[30]孙亮,冷平.苹果和梨属间杂交及其幼胚挽救研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(2):5-29.
[31]金钊,贾琢,王冬.无核葡萄胚挽救技术初探[J].北方果树,2009(1):13-15.
[32]杜万涛,郭印山,王英.三倍体葡萄胚挽救技术研究[J].北方果树,2012(2):4-7.
[33]刘焕芳,陈学森,段成国.甜樱桃与中国樱桃杂种胚抢救及杂种鉴定[J].园艺学报,2004,31(3):303-308.
[34]祁业凤,刘孟军.枣胚培养影响因素研究[J].果树学报,2004,21(1):25-28.
[35]唐冬梅,王跃进,赵荣华,等.无核葡萄胚挽救中影响胚发育的因子[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(7):2449-2457.
[36]夏启中,张献龙,聂以春,等.撤除外源生长素诱发棉花胚性悬浮细胞程序性死亡[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(1):78-84.
[37]Spiegle-Roy P,Sabar N,Baron J,et al.In vitro culture and plant format ion from grape cultivars with abortic ovules and seeds[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Sciences,1985,110(1):09-112.
[38]王跃进,张剑侠.采用胚挽救技术获得抗病无核葡萄新材料的研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2001,105-110.
[39]Gray D J,Hanger L A.Effect of ovule maturity on recovery of zygotic embryo and embryogenic cultures from muscadine grape[J].Hortscience,1993,28(3):227.
[40]Ramming D W,Lu J,Lamikanra O,et al.Developing seedless grapes by embryo rescue[J].Proc-Vitis-Sci-Symp,1995,18:26-30.
[41]王玫瑞,刘孟军,祁业凤,代丽.枣幼胚培养中褐化的研究[J].河北农业大学学报[J].2004,27(2):45-47
[42]朱际军,汪祖华,蔡兴元,等.特早熟桃胚培养技术[J].江苏农业学报,1985,1(3):41-43.
[43]任杰,徐彦平.胚挽救技术在葡萄上的应用[J].宁夏农林科技,2007(3):45-46.
[2]扈惠灵,冷平,高琪洁.磨盘柿杂种败育特性的研究[J].果树学报,2006,23(1):13-16.
[3]罗来水,肖德兴,霍光华,等.新白凤桃花粉的发生发育[J].江西农业大学学报,1998,20(4):448-451.
[4]罗来水,肖德兴,霍光华,等.桃雄性不育的表现形式及其败育途径[J].果树学报,2000,17(2):89-96.
[5]刘颂颂,叶永畅,招晓东,等.无核荔枝种子败育的胚胎学研究[J].华南农业大学学报,1999,20(2):41-46.
[6]王近卫,掘内昭作,林泊年,等.无核白葡萄的无核果形成的组织形态学研究[J].园艺学报,1992,19(1):1-6.
[7]Chen W,Lu L X.Endogenous hormones in relation to embryo development in litch[J].Acta Hort.2001,558:247-250.
[8]陈伟,吕柳新,黄春梅,等.乌叶荔枝胚胎发育过程特异蛋白的变化[J].园艺学报,2001,28(6):504-508.
[9]夏培蓓,伍新宇,吴玉霞,等.白木纳格葡萄败育型胚珠培养研究[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(7):1201-1204.
[10]Ponce M T,Agüero C B,Gregori M T.Factors affecting the development of stenospermic grape(Vitis vinifera L.)embryos cultured in vitro[J].Acta Horticulturae,2000,528:667-671.
[11]梁春莉,刘孟军,赵锦.植物种子败育研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2005,3(1):117-122.
[12]赵晓东,董文轩,计永胜,等.苹果属四倍性皱叶矮生株系小孢子败育过程的解剖观察[J].果树学报,2010,27(4):490-495.
[13]郭艳玲,张绍铃,李六林,等.新高梨雄性不育细胞学特征及膜脂过氧化研究[J].江苏农业学报,2007,23(1):54-57.
[14]王湘平,赵志虎,王宏国,等.乙烯诱导荔枝小孢子败育途径的超微结构观察[J].福建农林大学学报,2008,37(5):477-482.
[15]姚家琳,付春华,胡春根.李胚胎发育败育现象的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2000,19(1):71-73.
[16]吕柳新,陈桂信.蕉柑大孢子与珠心胚的发生发育[J].福建农业大学学报,1997,26(4):397-400.
[17]万涛,肖德兴,常青山.番木瓜胚胎发育与杂交种子败育的研究[J].果树学报,2011,28(4):699-702.
[18]Jingwei Wang,Horiuchi S,Ogata T.et al.Relation between the formation of parthenocarpic berries and endogenous plant hormone contents in seedless grape cultivars[J].Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science,1993,62(1):9-14.
[19]Liuxin Lu.A review of embryo development in Litchi[J].Acta Hort.(ISHS),2001,558:241-242.
[20]Fukui,H,Imakawa,S,Tamura,T.Investigaions on the factors of in vitro embryo development in relation to early fruit drop in apple(Malus pumila)[J].Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University,1990,17(1):18-24.
[21]叶明志,肖振通,吕柳新,等.荔枝幼果内源生长调节物的消长与胚胎发育的关系[J].福建农学院学报,1990,19(3):268-272.
[22]吕柳新,余小玲,叶明志,等.荔枝胚胎发育机制的探讨[J].福建农学院学报,1989,18(2):149-155.
[23]黄碧光,叶明志,吕柳新.蕉柑幼果内源激素和多胺的消长与种子败育的关系[J].福建农业大学学报,1997,26(4):411-415.
[24]周志翔,章文才,夏仁学,等.板栗果实发育与子房内源激素含量的关系研究[J].中国农业科学,2000,33(3):36-42.
[25]Meinke D W.Perspective on genetic analysis of plant embryogenesis[J].Plant Cell,1991,3:857-866.
[26]Elster R,Bommert P,Sheridan W F,et al.A nalysis of four embryo-specific mutants in Zea mays reveals that incomplete radial organization of the proembryo interferes with subsequent development[J].Development Genes and Evolution,2000,210:300-310.
[27]张莉,孟新法,张潞生,等.无核葡萄胚珠发育及早期离体培养的研究Ⅱ.无核葡萄胚发育的特点[J].北京农业大学学报,1991,17(4):55-59.
[28]张以顺,向旭,傅家瑞,等.荔枝败育胚S-腺苷甲硫氨酸合成酶基因的全长扩增和序列分析[J].园艺学报,2004,31(2):160-164.
[29]Jose X,Chaparro W B.Culture date and germination procedure affects success of nectarine ovule and embryo culture[J].Fruit Varieties Journal,1994,48(3):173-175.
[30]孙亮,冷平.苹果和梨属间杂交及其幼胚挽救研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(2):5-29.
[31]金钊,贾琢,王冬.无核葡萄胚挽救技术初探[J].北方果树,2009(1):13-15.
[32]杜万涛,郭印山,王英.三倍体葡萄胚挽救技术研究[J].北方果树,2012(2):4-7.
[33]刘焕芳,陈学森,段成国.甜樱桃与中国樱桃杂种胚抢救及杂种鉴定[J].园艺学报,2004,31(3):303-308.
[34]祁业凤,刘孟军.枣胚培养影响因素研究[J].果树学报,2004,21(1):25-28.
[35]唐冬梅,王跃进,赵荣华,等.无核葡萄胚挽救中影响胚发育的因子[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(7):2449-2457.
[36]夏启中,张献龙,聂以春,等.撤除外源生长素诱发棉花胚性悬浮细胞程序性死亡[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(1):78-84.
[37]Spiegle-Roy P,Sabar N,Baron J,et al.In vitro culture and plant format ion from grape cultivars with abortic ovules and seeds[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Sciences,1985,110(1):09-112.
[38]王跃进,张剑侠.采用胚挽救技术获得抗病无核葡萄新材料的研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2001,105-110.
[39]Gray D J,Hanger L A.Effect of ovule maturity on recovery of zygotic embryo and embryogenic cultures from muscadine grape[J].Hortscience,1993,28(3):227.
[40]Ramming D W,Lu J,Lamikanra O,et al.Developing seedless grapes by embryo rescue[J].Proc-Vitis-Sci-Symp,1995,18:26-30.
[41]王玫瑞,刘孟军,祁业凤,代丽.枣幼胚培养中褐化的研究[J].河北农业大学学报[J].2004,27(2):45-47
[42]朱际军,汪祖华,蔡兴元,等.特早熟桃胚培养技术[J].江苏农业学报,1985,1(3):41-43.
[43]任杰,徐彦平.胚挽救技术在葡萄上的应用[J].宁夏农林科技,2007(3):45-46.