枣离体幼胚发育影响因素的研究
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摘要
【目的】为延长败育前枣幼胚的发育程度,提高枣幼胚挽救效率。【方法】以枣品种‘冷白玉’、‘六月鲜’、‘襄汾圆枣’胚龄20~40 d幼胚为试材,在明确枣幼胚发育状况的基础上,对影响离体幼胚发育的基因型、适宜取样的最小胚龄、植物生长调节物质进行了研究。【结果】‘冷白玉’和‘六月鲜’枣20~40 d胚龄的幼胚发育相对一致,而‘襄汾圆枣’幼胚发育快于这2个品种;3个品种幼胚成胚难易程度依次为‘冷白玉’、‘襄汾圆枣’、‘六月鲜’;不同枣品种、不同胚龄对植物生长调节物质的响应不同;适宜3个品种幼胚挽救取样的最小取样胚龄为30 d,‘冷白玉’、‘襄汾圆枣’、‘六月鲜’成胚率分别为56.82%、54.17%、52.53%。【结论】胚龄对枣离体幼胚生长发育的影响最大,按作用大小排序依次为胚龄>品种>植物生长调节物质种类>植物生长调节物质浓度。
【Objective】The present study aims to improve the development of immature embryos and increase the efficiency of immature embryos of Chinese Jujube. 【Method】Three varieties of Chinese jujube( Ziziphus jujuba‘Lengbaiyu',Ziziphusjujuba‘Liuyuexian',Ziziphusjujuba‘Xiangfenyuanzao') in 20 to 40 day sold,known for their relatively less severe embryo abortion,were selected as materials. Based on the observation of the development of the young embryo,the effects of genotypes,the minimum embryonic age appropriate sampling and different hormones on the development of the Chinese jujube were studied.【Result】20-40 days embryos development of ‘Lengbaiyu'and‘Liuyuexian'was relatively consistent,and the same embryos development‘Xiangfenyuanzao'was faster than them and immature embryo culture easily followed by‘Lengbaiyu',‘Xiangfenyuanzao',‘Liuyuexian'. The different jujube varieties at different embryonic age and young embryo developmental stage,the response to the exogenous hormones were different. The minimum sampling embryonic age of immature embryos for the three varieties were 30 days. The embryogenic rate of ‘Lengbaiyu',‘Xiangfenyuanzao'and ‘Liuyuexian'were respectively 56. 82 %,54. 17 % 52. 53 %.【Conclusion】The analysis showed that the embryonic age had the greatest effect on the growth and development of juvenile immature embryos,followed by embryo age > varieties > the type of exogenous hormones > the concentration of exogenous hormones.
【Objective】The present study aims to improve the development of immature embryos and increase the efficiency of immature embryos of Chinese Jujube. 【Method】Three varieties of Chinese jujube( Ziziphus jujuba‘Lengbaiyu',Ziziphusjujuba‘Liuyuexian',Ziziphusjujuba‘Xiangfenyuanzao') in 20 to 40 day sold,known for their relatively less severe embryo abortion,were selected as materials. Based on the observation of the development of the young embryo,the effects of genotypes,the minimum embryonic age appropriate sampling and different hormones on the development of the Chinese jujube were studied.【Result】20-40 days embryos development of ‘Lengbaiyu'and‘Liuyuexian'was relatively consistent,and the same embryos development‘Xiangfenyuanzao'was faster than them and immature embryo culture easily followed by‘Lengbaiyu',‘Xiangfenyuanzao',‘Liuyuexian'. The different jujube varieties at different embryonic age and young embryo developmental stage,the response to the exogenous hormones were different. The minimum sampling embryonic age of immature embryos for the three varieties were 30 days. The embryogenic rate of ‘Lengbaiyu',‘Xiangfenyuanzao'and ‘Liuyuexian'were respectively 56. 82 %,54. 17 % 52. 53 %.【Conclusion】The analysis showed that the embryonic age had the greatest effect on the growth and development of juvenile immature embryos,followed by embryo age > varieties > the type of exogenous hormones > the concentration of exogenous hormones.
引文
[1]祁业凤,刘孟军.两个胚败育率不同的枣品种果实生长发育期内源激素的变化[J].园艺学报,2004,31(6):800-802.
[2]杜学梅,李登科,王永康,等.枣胚培技术体系的建立[J].园艺学报,2005,32(3):496-499.
[3]梁春莉,赵锦,刘孟军.冬枣极早熟合子胚培养成苗技术研究[J].园艺学报,2014,41(10):2115-2124.
[4]段乃彬,王永青.枣树胚离体培养的研究[J].四川林业科技,2002,23(2):42-45.
[5]王群瑛.枣胚与胚乳的发育[J].植物学报,1983,25(6):526-531.
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[8]张剑侠,牛茹萱.无核葡萄胚挽救技术的研究现状与展望[J].园艺学报,2013,40(9):1645-1655.
[9]任海燕,杜学梅,王永康,等.枣胚培养研究进展[J].果树学报,2014,31(5):967-972.
[10]郝建平,金竹萍,王永康,等.枣合子胚和体细胞胚发育过程的观察与比较[J].分子细胞生物学报,2006,39(5):423-430.
[11]张学英,彭士琪,郭振怀.枣授粉受精及胚胎发育研究[J].林业科学,2004,40(5):210-214.
[12]Eiryanne Fonseca de Menezes,Eliene Matos e Silva,Adriana Mayumi Yano-Melo,et al.Immature embryo rescue and in Vitro development evaluation of intraspecific Hybrids from Brazillian seedless grapevine‘Superior×Thompson’clones[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2014(5):1956-1960.
[13]Norimoto Murai.Plant growth hormone Cytokinins control the crop seed yield[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2014(5):2178-2187.
[14]郭修武,郭印山,张海娥,等.接种时期和培养基对无核葡萄胚挽救的影响[J].园艺学报,2007,34(2):329-332.
[15]张倩云,王莹,杜玉梁,等.植物胚拯救技术的影响因素及其应用[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,38(5):143-148.
[16]Nalini M.Ovule and embryo culture to obtain hybridstible from interspecific incompatible pollinations in chickpea[J].Euphytica,1999,110(1):1-6.
[17]刘巧,张剑侠,于冬冬,等.6-BA对抗寒无核葡萄胚挽救的影响[J].果树学报,2015,32(5):903-908.
[18]唐冬梅,王跃进,赵荣华,等.无核葡萄配挽救中影响胚发育的因子[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(7):2449-2457.
[19]杨旭源,刘国成,马怀宇,等.“寒富”苹果败育胚珠挽救影响因子的研究[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(1):81-87.
[20]Gray D J,Mortensen J A,Benton C M.Ovule culture to obtain progeny from hybrid seedless bunch grapes[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Sciences,1990,115(6):1019-1024.
[21]Palmer J L,Lawn R J,Adkins S W.An embryo-rescue protocol for Vigna interspecific hybrids[J].Aust J Bot,2002,50:331-338.
[22]张宏明,孟新法,张潞生.无核葡萄胚珠发育及早期离体培养的研究:I.激素对胚珠离体培养的影响[J].北京农业大学学报,1990,16(3):227-282.
[23]刘佳,刘晓,陈建,等.金星无核葡萄胚挽救影响因素的研究[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(1):294-298.
[2]杜学梅,李登科,王永康,等.枣胚培技术体系的建立[J].园艺学报,2005,32(3):496-499.
[3]梁春莉,赵锦,刘孟军.冬枣极早熟合子胚培养成苗技术研究[J].园艺学报,2014,41(10):2115-2124.
[4]段乃彬,王永青.枣树胚离体培养的研究[J].四川林业科技,2002,23(2):42-45.
[5]王群瑛.枣胚与胚乳的发育[J].植物学报,1983,25(6):526-531.
[6]Hesse C O,Kester D E.Embryo culture of peach varieties in relation to season of ripening[J].Proc Ainer Soc Hort Sci,1955,65:265-273.
[7]梁青,陈学森,刘文,等.胚抢在果树育种上的研究及应用[J].园艺学报,2006,33(2):445-452.
[8]张剑侠,牛茹萱.无核葡萄胚挽救技术的研究现状与展望[J].园艺学报,2013,40(9):1645-1655.
[9]任海燕,杜学梅,王永康,等.枣胚培养研究进展[J].果树学报,2014,31(5):967-972.
[10]郝建平,金竹萍,王永康,等.枣合子胚和体细胞胚发育过程的观察与比较[J].分子细胞生物学报,2006,39(5):423-430.
[11]张学英,彭士琪,郭振怀.枣授粉受精及胚胎发育研究[J].林业科学,2004,40(5):210-214.
[12]Eiryanne Fonseca de Menezes,Eliene Matos e Silva,Adriana Mayumi Yano-Melo,et al.Immature embryo rescue and in Vitro development evaluation of intraspecific Hybrids from Brazillian seedless grapevine‘Superior×Thompson’clones[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2014(5):1956-1960.
[13]Norimoto Murai.Plant growth hormone Cytokinins control the crop seed yield[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2014(5):2178-2187.
[14]郭修武,郭印山,张海娥,等.接种时期和培养基对无核葡萄胚挽救的影响[J].园艺学报,2007,34(2):329-332.
[15]张倩云,王莹,杜玉梁,等.植物胚拯救技术的影响因素及其应用[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,38(5):143-148.
[16]Nalini M.Ovule and embryo culture to obtain hybridstible from interspecific incompatible pollinations in chickpea[J].Euphytica,1999,110(1):1-6.
[17]刘巧,张剑侠,于冬冬,等.6-BA对抗寒无核葡萄胚挽救的影响[J].果树学报,2015,32(5):903-908.
[18]唐冬梅,王跃进,赵荣华,等.无核葡萄配挽救中影响胚发育的因子[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(7):2449-2457.
[19]杨旭源,刘国成,马怀宇,等.“寒富”苹果败育胚珠挽救影响因子的研究[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(1):81-87.
[20]Gray D J,Mortensen J A,Benton C M.Ovule culture to obtain progeny from hybrid seedless bunch grapes[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Sciences,1990,115(6):1019-1024.
[21]Palmer J L,Lawn R J,Adkins S W.An embryo-rescue protocol for Vigna interspecific hybrids[J].Aust J Bot,2002,50:331-338.
[22]张宏明,孟新法,张潞生.无核葡萄胚珠发育及早期离体培养的研究:I.激素对胚珠离体培养的影响[J].北京农业大学学报,1990,16(3):227-282.
[23]刘佳,刘晓,陈建,等.金星无核葡萄胚挽救影响因素的研究[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(1):294-298.