白云-荔湾深水区新生界生物礁识别与发育模式及主控因素探讨
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摘要
白云-荔湾地区新生界是否发育大型生物礁一直是珠江口盆地(东部)碳酸盐岩油气勘探的核心问题之一。根据已有的地质资料,总结了该区新生界碳酸盐岩及生物礁发育层段的规律性,并在此基础上首次总结了研究区生物礁地震识别特征、发育模式及其主控因素。研究表明:①白云-荔湾地区发育的大型生物礁在不同层段零星分布,多呈丘形、透镜体状外形,顶部具有强-中反射特征,底部连续可追踪,侧向上多见超覆不整合接触,内部多见加积、进积或退积地震发射特征、偶见杂乱至空白反射;②基于构造活动及古隆起背景,本区建立了3种类型的生物礁发育模式:Ⅰ台地边缘礁发育模式、Ⅱ古隆起斜坡礁发育模式、Ⅲ古隆起顶部礁发育模式;③构造运动及全球海平面变化是该区碳酸盐岩及生物礁发育的主控因素。
Whether there are carbonate platforms or large reefs is the core problem of the oil-gas exploration in the Baiyun-Liwan deep-water area of the east part of Pearl river mouth basin. Based on the existing geological data, we summarize the regularity of carbonate development in deep water, and preliminary analysis the carbonate recognition, development mode and main controlling factors in the area. The results can be concluded as follows:(1) Large biological reef always has mound, lens appearance, coping with strong reflection characteristics on the top, continuous tracked on the bottom, unconformity contact on the surrounding, and accretion, prograde, retrogradation or blank reflection characteristics in the inside.(2)Three types of reef development modes have been recognized and characterized based on their basinal and tectonic setting: reef developed on margin platform, reef developed on the ramp, reef developed on the paleohigh.(3)The tectonic movement and the change of sea level are the main controlling factors of the development of biological reef in Baiyun-Liwan deep water area.
Whether there are carbonate platforms or large reefs is the core problem of the oil-gas exploration in the Baiyun-Liwan deep-water area of the east part of Pearl river mouth basin. Based on the existing geological data, we summarize the regularity of carbonate development in deep water, and preliminary analysis the carbonate recognition, development mode and main controlling factors in the area. The results can be concluded as follows:(1) Large biological reef always has mound, lens appearance, coping with strong reflection characteristics on the top, continuous tracked on the bottom, unconformity contact on the surrounding, and accretion, prograde, retrogradation or blank reflection characteristics in the inside.(2)Three types of reef development modes have been recognized and characterized based on their basinal and tectonic setting: reef developed on margin platform, reef developed on the ramp, reef developed on the paleohigh.(3)The tectonic movement and the change of sea level are the main controlling factors of the development of biological reef in Baiyun-Liwan deep water area.
引文
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[12] 梁卫,周小康,卫哲,等.珠江口盆地东沙隆起珠江组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(2):169-179.LIANG W,ZHOU X K,WEI Z,et al.Characteristics and key controlling factors of Zhujiang Formation carbonate rock reservoir in Pearl river Mouth basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition) ,2015,42(2):169-179.(In Chinese)
[13] 朱伟林,吴景富,张功成,等.中国近海新生代盆地构造差异化演化及油气勘探方向[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):88-101.ZHU W L,WU J F,ZHANG G C,et al.Discrepancy tectonic evolution and petroleum exploration in China offshore Cenozoic basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers ,2015,22(1):88-101.(In Chinese)
[14] 张功成,屈红军,刘世祥,等.边缘海构造旋回控制南海深水区油气成藏[J].石油学报,2015,36(5):533-545.ZHANG G C,QU H J,LIU S X,et al.Tectonic cycle of marginal sea controlled the hydrocarbon accumulation in deep-water areas of South China sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica ,2015,36(5):533-545.(In Chinese)
[15] 魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,等.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油藏勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):245-251.WEI X,DENG J F,XIE W Y,et al.Constraints on biogenetic reef formation during evolution of the South China sea and exploration potential analysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):245-251.(In Chinese)
[16] 阎贫,刘海岭.南海及其周缘中新生带活动时空特征与南海的形成模式[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):33-39.YAN P,LIU H L.Temporal and spatial distributions of meso-Cenozoic igneous rocks over south China sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2005,24(2):33-39.(In Chinese)
[17] DAN BOSENCE.A Genetic Classification of carbonate platforms based on their basinal and tectonic setting in the Cenozoic[J].Sedimentary Geology,2005,175(2005):49-72.
[18] 魏喜,祝永军,尹继红,等.南海盆地生物礁形成条件及发育趋势[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(1):10-14.WEI X,ZHU Y J,YIN J H,et al.Constrains and growing trend of biological reef in South China sea basin[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(1):10-14.(In Chinese)
[19] J.R.F.BORGOMANO.The Upper Cretaceous carbonates of the Gargano-Murge region,southern Italy:A model of platform-to-basin transition[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(10):1561-1588.
[20] DAN BOSENCE.A Genetic Classification of carbonate platforms based on their basinal and tectonic setting in the Cenozoic[J].Sedimentary Geology,2005,175(2005):49-72.
[21] 肖国桥,张仲石,姚政权.始新世-渐新世气候转变研究进展[J].地质论评,2012,58(1):91-106.XIAO G Q,ZHANG Z S,YAO Z Q.The Eocene-Oligocene climate transition:Review of recent progress[J].Geological Review,2012,58(1):91-106.(In Chinese)
[22] BERNER E J.Explorations of the tertiary global cooling trend[J].Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,1985,50(1):45-61.
[23] LEAR C H,BAILEY T R,PEARSON P N,et al.cooling and ice growth across the Eocene –Oligocene transition[J].Geology,2008,36(3):251-254.
[24] XIAO G Q,ABELS H A,YAO Z Q,et,al.Asian aridification linked to the first step of the Eocene-Oligocene climate Transition(EOT) in obliquity-dominated terrestrial records (Xining Basin,China)[J].Climate of the Past,2010,6(4):501-513.
[25] 秦国权.珠江口盆地珠海组时代归属及新近系与古近系界线问题探讨[J].中国海上油气,2017,19(1):1-9.QIN G Q.A discussion on age of Zhuhai formation and Neogene Paleogene boundary in Pearl river mouth basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,19(1):1-9.(In Chinese)
[2] 岳大力,吴胜和,林承焰,等.流花11-1-油田礁灰岩油藏储层非均质性及剩余油分布规律[J],地质科技情报,2005,24(2):90-96.YUE D L,WU S H,LIN C Y,et al.Reservoir heterogeneity and remaining oil distribution pattern of reef limestone reservoir in Liuhua 11-1 oilfield[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2005,24(2):90-96.(In Chinese)
[3] 邱燕,王英民.南海第三纪生物礁分布与古构造和古环境[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2001,21(1):65-72.QIU Y,WANG Y M.Reefs an paleostructure and paleoenvioronment in the South China sea[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2001,21(1):65-72.(In Chinese)
[4] 吴时国,袁胜强,董冬冬,等.南海北部深水区中新世生物礁发育特征[J].海洋与湖沼,2009,40(2):117-121.WU S G,YUAN S Q,DONG D D,et al.The Miocene reef development characteristics in Northern South China sea[J].Oceanologia and Limnologia Sinica,2009,40(2):117-121.(In Chinese)
[5] 吴伟中,夏斌,姜正龙,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷沉积演化模式与油气成藏关系探讨[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2013,33(1):25-34.WU W Z,XIA B,JIANG Z L,et al.Sedimengtary evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Baiyun depression,Zhujiangkou Basin[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2013,33(1):25-34.(In Chinese)
[6] 柳保军,庞雄,颜承志,等.珠江口盆地白云深水区沉积充填演化及控制因素分析[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(1):19-25.LIU B J,PANG X,YAN C Z,et al.An analysis of depositional evolution and its controls in Baiyun deep-water area,Pearl river mouth basin [J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(1):19-25.(In Chinese)
[7] 柳保军,庞雄,颜承志,等.珠江口盆地白云深水区渐新世-中新世陆架破折带演化及油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):234-241.LIU B J,P X,YAN C Z,et al.Evolution of the Oligocene-Miocene shelf slope-break zone in the Baiyun deep-water area of the Pearl river mouth basin and its significance in oil-gas exploration[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(2):234-241.(In Chinese)
[8] 汪瑞良,周小康,曾驿,等.珠江口盆地东部东沙隆起中新世碳酸盐岩与生物礁地震响应特征及其识别[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(8):63-66.WANG R L,ZHOU X K,ZENG Y,et al.Seismic response characteristics and identification of miocene carbonate Rocks in Dongsha uplift of Pearl river-month basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(8):63-66.(In Chinese)
[9] 曾驿,汪瑞良,刘军,等.东沙隆起碳酸盐岩储层特征及预测[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(6):69-75.ZENG Y,WANG R L,LIU J,et al.Carbonate reservoir characteristics and its prediction of Dongsha massif[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(6):69-75.(In Chinese)
[10] 周小康,汪瑞良,曾驿,等.珠江口盆地东沙隆起珠江组碳酸盐岩层序地层及沉积模式[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(9):1-7.ZHOU X K,WANG R L,ZENG Y,et al.Carbonate sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary modes of Dongsha Massif in pearl river-mouth basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(9):1-7.(In Chinese)
[11] 冯琳,邓敏,卫哲,等.珠江口盆地东部中新统珠江组碳酸盐岩沉积微相研究[J].地质力学学报,2014,20(1):36-47.FENG L,DENG M,WEI Z,et al.Research on carbonate microfacies in miocene Zhujian formation in east Pearl river mouth basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2014,20(1):36-47.(In Chinese)
[12] 梁卫,周小康,卫哲,等.珠江口盆地东沙隆起珠江组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(2):169-179.LIANG W,ZHOU X K,WEI Z,et al.Characteristics and key controlling factors of Zhujiang Formation carbonate rock reservoir in Pearl river Mouth basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition) ,2015,42(2):169-179.(In Chinese)
[13] 朱伟林,吴景富,张功成,等.中国近海新生代盆地构造差异化演化及油气勘探方向[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):88-101.ZHU W L,WU J F,ZHANG G C,et al.Discrepancy tectonic evolution and petroleum exploration in China offshore Cenozoic basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers ,2015,22(1):88-101.(In Chinese)
[14] 张功成,屈红军,刘世祥,等.边缘海构造旋回控制南海深水区油气成藏[J].石油学报,2015,36(5):533-545.ZHANG G C,QU H J,LIU S X,et al.Tectonic cycle of marginal sea controlled the hydrocarbon accumulation in deep-water areas of South China sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica ,2015,36(5):533-545.(In Chinese)
[15] 魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,等.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油藏勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):245-251.WEI X,DENG J F,XIE W Y,et al.Constraints on biogenetic reef formation during evolution of the South China sea and exploration potential analysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):245-251.(In Chinese)
[16] 阎贫,刘海岭.南海及其周缘中新生带活动时空特征与南海的形成模式[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):33-39.YAN P,LIU H L.Temporal and spatial distributions of meso-Cenozoic igneous rocks over south China sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2005,24(2):33-39.(In Chinese)
[17] DAN BOSENCE.A Genetic Classification of carbonate platforms based on their basinal and tectonic setting in the Cenozoic[J].Sedimentary Geology,2005,175(2005):49-72.
[18] 魏喜,祝永军,尹继红,等.南海盆地生物礁形成条件及发育趋势[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(1):10-14.WEI X,ZHU Y J,YIN J H,et al.Constrains and growing trend of biological reef in South China sea basin[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(1):10-14.(In Chinese)
[19] J.R.F.BORGOMANO.The Upper Cretaceous carbonates of the Gargano-Murge region,southern Italy:A model of platform-to-basin transition[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(10):1561-1588.
[20] DAN BOSENCE.A Genetic Classification of carbonate platforms based on their basinal and tectonic setting in the Cenozoic[J].Sedimentary Geology,2005,175(2005):49-72.
[21] 肖国桥,张仲石,姚政权.始新世-渐新世气候转变研究进展[J].地质论评,2012,58(1):91-106.XIAO G Q,ZHANG Z S,YAO Z Q.The Eocene-Oligocene climate transition:Review of recent progress[J].Geological Review,2012,58(1):91-106.(In Chinese)
[22] BERNER E J.Explorations of the tertiary global cooling trend[J].Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,1985,50(1):45-61.
[23] LEAR C H,BAILEY T R,PEARSON P N,et al.cooling and ice growth across the Eocene –Oligocene transition[J].Geology,2008,36(3):251-254.
[24] XIAO G Q,ABELS H A,YAO Z Q,et,al.Asian aridification linked to the first step of the Eocene-Oligocene climate Transition(EOT) in obliquity-dominated terrestrial records (Xining Basin,China)[J].Climate of the Past,2010,6(4):501-513.
[25] 秦国权.珠江口盆地珠海组时代归属及新近系与古近系界线问题探讨[J].中国海上油气,2017,19(1):1-9.QIN G Q.A discussion on age of Zhuhai formation and Neogene Paleogene boundary in Pearl river mouth basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,19(1):1-9.(In Chinese)