D2车轮钢原始组织对滑动磨损性能的影响
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摘要
采用MRH-5A型环块磨损试验机对D2车轮钢及U71Mn钢轨钢采取对摩方式进行滑动磨损试验,研究原始组织对D2车轮钢滑动磨损性能的影响.结果表明:以回火索氏体(TS)为原始组织的D2车轮钢比片状珠光体组织(P)+先共析铁素体(F)的D2车轮钢具有更好的耐磨性能. P+F和TS表面磨损机制均以磨粒磨损和黏着磨损为主,而P+F表面磨损更严重且伴随大块白层剥落现象. TS塑性变形层更薄,其内的铁素体细化成纳米晶,粒状渗碳体不发生剪切变形,主要以溶解为主,不易形成较厚的白层,不发生大块剥落现象,提高耐磨性能.
MRH-5 A ring block wear tester was used to conduct sliding wear tests on D2 wheel steel and U71 Mn rail steel by means of pair-wear tests to study the effect of original structure of D2 wheel steel on its sliding wear performance. The results showed that D2 wheel steel with tempered sorbite(TS) had better wear resistance than D2 wheel steel with lamellar pearlite structure(P)+ proeutectoid ferrite(F). The wear mechanisms of P+F and TS were mainly abrasive wear and adhesive wear, while the wear of P+F was more severe accompanied with the peeling of large white etching layers(WEL). For TS, the plastic deformation layer was thinner, and the ferrite was refined into nanocrystalline. No shear deformation occurred on the granular cementite but dissolution was mainly presented. Because a thicker WEL was unlikely to form and this prevented large peeling, and hence improved the wear resistance.
MRH-5 A ring block wear tester was used to conduct sliding wear tests on D2 wheel steel and U71 Mn rail steel by means of pair-wear tests to study the effect of original structure of D2 wheel steel on its sliding wear performance. The results showed that D2 wheel steel with tempered sorbite(TS) had better wear resistance than D2 wheel steel with lamellar pearlite structure(P)+ proeutectoid ferrite(F). The wear mechanisms of P+F and TS were mainly abrasive wear and adhesive wear, while the wear of P+F was more severe accompanied with the peeling of large white etching layers(WEL). For TS, the plastic deformation layer was thinner, and the ferrite was refined into nanocrystalline. No shear deformation occurred on the granular cementite but dissolution was mainly presented. Because a thicker WEL was unlikely to form and this prevented large peeling, and hence improved the wear resistance.
引文
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[11]Liu Gaoyuan,Wang Bin,Li Yunju.Study on friction damage behavior of short-term dry friction of martensitic stainless steel under different residual magnetic field conditions[J].Failure analysis and prevention,2007,2(2):20-23(in Chinese)[刘高远,王斌,李运菊.马氏体不锈钢不同剩余磁场条件下短时干摩擦的摩擦损伤行为研究[J].失效分析与预防,2007,2(2):20-23].doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6214.2007.02.004.
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[14]Zhou Luhai,Wei Xicheng,Wang Chunyan,et al.Relation between dry sliding tribological behavior and grain size of T10 steel[J].Journal of Materials Research,2017,31(11):833-838(in Chinese)[周路海,韦习成,王春燕,等.T10钢的干滑动摩擦学行为与晶粒尺寸的关系[J].材料研究学报,2017,31(11):833-838].
[15]Gao Caiqiao,Zhang Zeguo.Influence of cementite morphology on wear resistance of 45 steel[J].Lubrication and Sealing,1984(5):29-32(in Chinese)[高彩桥,张泽国.45钢中渗碳体形态对耐磨性的影响[J].润滑与密封,1984(5):29-32].
[16]Jia Suqiu,Wang Changsheng,Yu Shumin.Effect of matrix structure and surface morphology on wear performance of carbon steel[J].Science and Technology Innovation Guide,2008,(17):21-22(in Chinese)[贾素秋,王长生,于淑敏.基体组织和表面形态对碳钢磨损性能的影响[J].科技创新导报,2008,(17):21-22].
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[18]Wang Shaojie,Han Jing,Zeng Wei,et al.Influence of low temperature on mechanical properties of ER8 wheel steel[J].Journal of Materials Research,2018,32(6):401-408(in Chinese)[王少杰,韩靖,曾伟,等.低温对ER8车轮钢力学性能的影响[J].材料研究学报,2018,32(6):401-408].
[19]Cui Yinhui,Zhang Jianping,Su Hang,et al.Review of research on wheel materials of high-speed trains[J].Journal of Anhui Vocational College of Metallurgy and Technology,2005,15(2):9-12(in Chinese)[崔银会,张建平,苏航,等.高速列车车轮材料研究的综述[J].安徽冶金科技职业学院学报,2005,15(2):9-12].
[20]Pan Rui,Chen Chunhuan,Ren Ruiming.A method of preparing SEM specimen including white etching layer[P].Liaoning:CN105242075,A-01-13,2016(in Chinese)[潘睿,陈春焕,任瑞铭.一种白层组织的扫描电镜样品制备方法[P].辽宁:CN105242075A,A-01-13,2016].
[21]Tao Guichuang,Zhao Xiujuan,Pan Jinzhi,et al.Formation and peeling of white layer of D2 high-speed wheel steel under sliding wear[J].Tribology,2018,38(4):437-444(in Chinese)[陶贵闯,赵秀娟,潘金芝,等.D2高速车轮钢在滑动磨损下的白层形成与剥落[J].摩擦学学报,2018,38(4):437-444].doi:10.16078/j.tribology.2018.04.008.
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[23]Hu Xianjun,Xie Jun,Zhou Lichu,et al.Influence of cementite morphology on drawing deformation of pearlite steel wire[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2018,30(2):120-126(in Chinese)[胡显军,谢骏,周立初,等.渗碳体形态对珠光体钢丝拉拔形变的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2018,30(2):120-126].
[24]Ivanisenko Y,Lojkowski W,Valiev R Z,et al.The mechanism of formation of nanostructure and dissolution of cementite in a pearlitic steel during high pressure torsion[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(18):5555-5570.doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00419-1.
[25]Zhang H W,Ohsaki S,Mitao S,et al.Microstructural investigation of white etching layer on pearlite steel rail[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2006,421(1):191-199.
[26]Porter D A,Easterling K E,Smith G D W.Dynamic studies of the tensile deformation and fracture of pearlite[J].Acta Metallurgica,1978,26(9):1405-1422.doi:10.1016/0001-6160(78)90156-6.
[27]Li Kaili.Research on the coordination deformation mechanism of cementite and ferrite in steel and their orientation relationship[D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2016(in Chinese)[李凯丽.钢中渗碳体和铁素体协调变形机制及其位向关系的研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2016].
[28]Yang Xingkuan,Liu Yingxin,Wu Xiaopeng,et al.Research on composite ultrasonic rolling surface strengthening technology of locomotive wheels[J].Railway Technical Supervision,2018,46(8):36-39(in Chinese)[杨兴宽,刘颖鑫,武小鹏,等.机车车轮复合超声滚压表面强化工艺研究[J].铁道技术监督,2018,46(8):36-39].
[29]Min Na.Study on large deformation and aging process of eutectoid steel at room temperature[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2007(in Chinese)[闵娜.共析钢室温大变形和时效过程相变研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007].
[30]Gavriljuk V G.Decomposition of cementite in pearlitic steel due to plastic deformation[J].Materials Science&Engineering A(Structural Materials:Properties,Microstructure and Processing),2003,345(1-2):81-89.
[31]Li Zhi,Yang Zhiqing,Ma Xiuliang.Electron microscopy of carburized bodies(Fe3C)induced by deformation[J].Acta Electronica Microscopy,2010,29(3):268-275(in Chinese)[李智,杨志卿,马秀良.形变导致渗碳体(Fe3C)分解的电子显微学研究[J].电子显微学报,2010,29(3):268-275].
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