露天边坡爆破地震效应的模型试验研究
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摘要
基于量纲分析和相似理论,建立了爆破地震试验的相似比例模型。对装药结构、高程等对爆破地震效应的影响进行了研究。结果表明:集中药包的地震强度普遍高于柱状药包,且其主震频率高于柱状药包;爆破震动具有高程放大效应,其放大程度可用装药量与高程的幂指函数表示。对比单孔爆破时模型试验与现场测试的结果,发现两者在振动波形、频谱及质点振速衰减规律等方面具有较好的相似性。研究结果可为工程现场爆破地震效应分析、防灾减震设计等提供借鉴。
Based on the dimensional analysis and similarity theory,the similarity scale model of blasting seismic experiment was established.The influences of charge structure and elevation on blasting seismic effect were studied.The results showed that the seismic intensity of concentrated charge was generally higher than that of cylindrical charge,as well as the main vibration frequency.Blasting seismic had elevation amplification effect,and its amplification degree could be expressed by the power exponent function of charge quantity and elevation.Compared with the results of single-hole blasting model test and field test,it found that the vibration waveform,the frequency spectrum and the attenuation law of particle velocity were all similar.The research results provided reference for the analysis of blasting seismic effect,as well as the design of disaster prevention and shock absorption.
Based on the dimensional analysis and similarity theory,the similarity scale model of blasting seismic experiment was established.The influences of charge structure and elevation on blasting seismic effect were studied.The results showed that the seismic intensity of concentrated charge was generally higher than that of cylindrical charge,as well as the main vibration frequency.Blasting seismic had elevation amplification effect,and its amplification degree could be expressed by the power exponent function of charge quantity and elevation.Compared with the results of single-hole blasting model test and field test,it found that the vibration waveform,the frequency spectrum and the attenuation law of particle velocity were all similar.The research results provided reference for the analysis of blasting seismic effect,as well as the design of disaster prevention and shock absorption.
引文
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[2]单仁亮,黄宝龙,蔚振廷,等.岩巷掘进准直眼掏槽爆破模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(2):256-264.
[3]李清,王汉军,杨仁树.多孔台阶爆破破裂过程的模型试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(5):576-579.
[4]卞德存,杨泽进,李义.现场爆破相似模型试验几个问题的研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,31(6):118-120.
[5]马芹永,袁璞,张经双,等.立井直眼微差爆破模型试验振动测试与分析[J].振动与冲击,2015(6):172-176.
[6]张光雄.岩石爆破地震效应分析及模拟研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2007.
[7]刘光汉,周建敏,余红兵.爆破振动高程放大效应研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2015,35(12):84-87.
[8]王银涛,张昌锁,张胜利.露天矿爆破振动边坡高程效应[J].矿业研究与开发,2015,35(04):56-59.
[9]付波,胡英国,卢文波,等.岩石高边坡爆破振动局部放大效应分析[J].爆破,2014(02):1-7.
[10]陈明,卢文波,李鹏,等.岩质边坡爆破振动速度的高程放大效应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011(11):2189-2195.
[11]万鹏鹏,璩世杰,许文耀,等.台阶爆破质点振速的高程效应研究[J].爆破,2015(02):29-32.