垂直竖缝式鱼道的三维数值模拟
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摘要
本文基于Fluent软件中的RNGk-e湍流模型,以多布电站生态鱼道为研究对象,对竖缝式鱼道进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明:有效运行水深在2.5m时,三维鱼道流场内的最大速度出现在竖缝处,最大为1.23 m/s,对目标鱼种巨须裂腹鱼的影响最大,对异齿裂腹鱼最小;池室中湍动能最大值出现在竖缝附近,为0.051 m~2/s2,其与主流流速的变化规律一致;湍流强度最大值出现在池室中层竖缝处,为1.4,其与湍动能的分布范围一致;休息池内的水流掺混,主流能量消耗效果较好,可为鱼类的上溯提供休息的场所。本文的研究可为鱼道的实际工程提供一定的参考。
In this paper, based on RNG turbulence model in Fluent software, the ecological fishway of Dobu hydropower station was studied. The results showed that when the effective running water depth was 2.5 m, the maximum speed in the three-dimensional fish flow field appeared at the vertical joint with the maximum speed of 1.23 m/s, which had the greatest influence on Schizothorax macropogon and the lest influence on Schizothorax oconnori. The maximum turbulent kinetic energy in the chamber was near the vertical joint, which was 0.051 m~2/s2 and consistent with the change of the mainstream flow velocity, and the maximum turbulence intensity appeared at the vertical seam of the middle of the pool, which was 1.4 and consistent with the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy. The water flow in the rest pool was mixed, and the mainstream energy consumption was better, which can provide a resting place for the fish to go up. The research in this paper can provide some references for the actual engineering of the fish pass.
In this paper, based on RNG turbulence model in Fluent software, the ecological fishway of Dobu hydropower station was studied. The results showed that when the effective running water depth was 2.5 m, the maximum speed in the three-dimensional fish flow field appeared at the vertical joint with the maximum speed of 1.23 m/s, which had the greatest influence on Schizothorax macropogon and the lest influence on Schizothorax oconnori. The maximum turbulent kinetic energy in the chamber was near the vertical joint, which was 0.051 m~2/s2 and consistent with the change of the mainstream flow velocity, and the maximum turbulence intensity appeared at the vertical seam of the middle of the pool, which was 1.4 and consistent with the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy. The water flow in the rest pool was mixed, and the mainstream energy consumption was better, which can provide a resting place for the fish to go up. The research in this paper can provide some references for the actual engineering of the fish pass.
引文
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[16]Wu S.Structure of flow in vertical slot fishway[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1999,125(4):351-360.
[17]Silva A T,Katopodis C,Santos J M,et al.Cyprinid swimming behaviour in response to turbulent flow[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,44:314-328.
[18]许晓蓉.西藏典型裂腹鱼游泳能力及鱼道方案优化数值模拟研究[D].三峡大学,2012.
[2]杨昆,邓熙,李学灵等.梯级开发对河流生态系统和景观影响研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1359-1367.
[3]谭细畅,陶江平,黄道明等.长洲水利枢纽鱼道功能的初步研究[J].水生态学杂志,2013,34(4):58-62.
[4]Rajaratnam N,Vinne G V D,Katopodis C.Hydraulics of Vertical Slot Fishways[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1986,112(10):909-927.
[5]Sokoray-Varga B,Weichert R,Nestmann F.Investigations on the hydraulics of vertical slot fish passes[J].Dyeing&Finishing,2015,105(7/8):61-66.
[6]Rajaratnam N,Katopodis C,Solanki S.New designs for vertical slot fishways[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,1989,19(3):402-414.
[7]徐体兵,孙双科.竖缝式鱼道水流结构的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2009,40(11):1386-1391.
[8]Bermúdez M,Puertas J,Cea L,et al.Influence of pool geometry on the biological efficiency of vertical slot fishways.[J].Ecological Engineering,2010,36(10):1355-1364.
[9]Martin B,Gorazd N,Primo?R,et al.Numerical and physical model study of a vertical slot fishway[J].Journal of Hydrology&Hydromechanics,2014,62(2):150-159.
[10]曹庆磊,杨文俊,陈辉.异侧竖缝式鱼道水力特性试验研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2010,38(6):698-703.
[11]郭维东,孟文,熊守纯等.同侧竖缝式鱼道结构优化数值模拟研究[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(2):48-52.
[12]刘志雄,岳汉生,王猛.同侧导竖式鱼道水力特性试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2013,30(8):113-116.
[13]刘志雄,刘东,周赤.异侧竖缝式鱼道水力特性研究[J].人民长江,2011,42(15):66-68.
[14]刘玉玲,白戈,邵世鹏等.曝气池曝气管布置方式对流速分布影响的数值模拟研究[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(7):84-90.
[15]吕强,孙双科,边永欢.双侧竖缝式鱼道水力特性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2016,37(4):55-62.
[16]Wu S.Structure of flow in vertical slot fishway[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1999,125(4):351-360.
[17]Silva A T,Katopodis C,Santos J M,et al.Cyprinid swimming behaviour in response to turbulent flow[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,44:314-328.
[18]许晓蓉.西藏典型裂腹鱼游泳能力及鱼道方案优化数值模拟研究[D].三峡大学,2012.