摘要
为客观评价燕麦种质资源重要农艺性状的遗传多样性,并为黑龙江地区燕麦新品种选育提供关键数据,对51份燕麦种质资源13个农艺性状进行了形态多样性指数分析,并对其中的9个数量性状进行了聚类分析和主成分分析。结果表明,各性状的遗传多样性指数均较大,遗传多样性指数最高的是主穗长(1.517),其次为株高(1.448)和主穗粒重(1.414),性状变异系数最大的是主穗小穗数(34.8%),其次为主穗粒重(33.1%)和单株分蘖数(27.4%);聚类分析将51份燕麦品种的9个数量性状分为4大类群,类群Ⅰ为有益性状不明显,为多目标性状育种的亲本材料,类群Ⅱ为选育矮秆育种目标亲本材料,类群Ⅲ为高杆、增加分蘖数育种目标亲本材料,类群Ⅳ为选育大粒型、多轮层数、多小穗数等育种目标亲本材料。主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分对变异的累计贡献率为70.09%,第一主成分反映种子产量,第二主成反映单株分蘖数,第三主成分反映株高。
This research aimed to objectively evaluate the genetic diversity of oat germplasm resources for important agronomic traits,and to provide key data for use in oat breeding programs in the Heilongjiang region.A total of 51 oat germplasm accessions from different sources were planted in Harbin at the High Latitude Grass and Science Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Genetic diversity indices for the various accessions were calculated,and cluster analysis and a principal component(PC)analysis were carried out to investigate patterns of genetic diversity across accessions for agronomic characters.The index of genetic diversity was high for all traits,with the highest being for the length of the main spike(1.517),followed by plant height(1.448)and seed weight of the main spike(1.414).The largest coefficient of trait variation was for spikelet number of the main spike(34.8%),followed by seed weight of the main spike(33.1%),and tiller number per plant(27.4%).Based on cluster analysis,nine quantitative traits could be used to classify plants into four groups.Plants in germplasm group 1,contained no obviously attractive traits,while group II contained the germplasm that could be used as parents of short-stemmed varieties.The germplasm in group III typically had greater stem length and increased tiller number,compared to others.In contrast,the germplasm in group IV was suitable for breeding cultivars with large grain size,multiple panicle and spikelet numbers.According to principle component analysis,the first three main component(seed yield factor,till factor,plant height factor)made the contribution of 70.09%to variation.
引文
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