2012—2017年城固县手足口病流行特征分析
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摘要
目的分析2012—2017年陕西省城固县手足口病流行特征,探索手足口病发病变化趋势,为制定有效的防控对策提供参考依据。方法从中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统导出2012—2017年手足口病病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析手足口病病例的发病概况、流行病学特征及病原学检测结果。结果 2012—2017年城固县共报告手足口病病例2 834例,其中重症24例、死亡2例,年平均发病率101.28/10万,病死率70.57/10万;男性发病率124.00/10万、女性发病率78.20/10万,博望、上元观、柳林和原公镇病例最多,以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主、占96.47%,发病集中在5岁以下儿童、占95.59%,4—7月为发病高峰期,10—11月又呈现秋季小高峰;实验室诊断手足口病病例共98例,包括肠道病毒71型(EV71,27.55%)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16,22.45%)和其他肠道病毒(50.0%),重症和死亡病例中EV71占41.67%。结论城固县手足口病有明显的季节性高发特征,托幼机构和散居儿童是防控的重点;针对易感人群和高发季节应持续加强疫情监测和健康教育,提高EV71疫苗接种率,有效预防和控制手足口病的发生和流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the trend of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Chenggu county of Shaanxi province during 2012-2017, and provide reference for formulating effective measures of prevention and control. Methods The data of HFMD was collected from China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System from 2012 to 2017. The morbidity of the disease, epidemiological features and the etiological detection results were analyzed with descriptive epidemiology. Results Totally 2 834 HFMD cases were reported in Chenggu county during 2012-2017, including 24 severe cases and 2 deaths, with average annual incidence rate of101.28/100 000 and fatality rate of 70.57/100 000. The incidence rate was 124.00/100 000 of the male and 78.20/100 000 of the female. The cases were mainly in the townships of Bowang, Shangyuanguan, Liulin and Yuangong. Most cases were scattered and preschool children with the proportion of 96.47%, and mainly concentrated in the children under 5 year-old,accounting for 95.59%. The onset peak was from April to July and followed with a small peak in autumn from October to November. All 98 cases were diagnosed by laboratory examination, with infection of enterovirus type 71(EV71, 27.55%),Coxsackie virus A16(CoxA16, 22.45%) and other enteroviruses(50.00%). Out of the severe and death cases, EV71 accounted for 41.67%. Conclusions HFMD epidemic shows seasonal high incidence in Chenggu county. The key to prevention and control is in the scattered children and nurseries. The HFMD surveillance and health education should be continually strengthened in susceptible population in epidemic seasons. The vaccination rate of EV71 should be increased for effective prevention and control.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the trend of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Chenggu county of Shaanxi province during 2012-2017, and provide reference for formulating effective measures of prevention and control. Methods The data of HFMD was collected from China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System from 2012 to 2017. The morbidity of the disease, epidemiological features and the etiological detection results were analyzed with descriptive epidemiology. Results Totally 2 834 HFMD cases were reported in Chenggu county during 2012-2017, including 24 severe cases and 2 deaths, with average annual incidence rate of101.28/100 000 and fatality rate of 70.57/100 000. The incidence rate was 124.00/100 000 of the male and 78.20/100 000 of the female. The cases were mainly in the townships of Bowang, Shangyuanguan, Liulin and Yuangong. Most cases were scattered and preschool children with the proportion of 96.47%, and mainly concentrated in the children under 5 year-old,accounting for 95.59%. The onset peak was from April to July and followed with a small peak in autumn from October to November. All 98 cases were diagnosed by laboratory examination, with infection of enterovirus type 71(EV71, 27.55%),Coxsackie virus A16(CoxA16, 22.45%) and other enteroviruses(50.00%). Out of the severe and death cases, EV71 accounted for 41.67%. Conclusions HFMD epidemic shows seasonal high incidence in Chenggu county. The key to prevention and control is in the scattered children and nurseries. The HFMD surveillance and health education should be continually strengthened in susceptible population in epidemic seasons. The vaccination rate of EV71 should be increased for effective prevention and control.
引文
[1]官文清,王林芬,吴云开,等.余杭区手足口病流行特征分析[J].预防医学,2018,30(2):186-187.
[2]丁全明,安银翠,马辛瑶,等.2010-2015年汉中市手足口病流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(1):34-37.
[3]郑媛,周步宇,关路媛,等.2009-2013年陕西省手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志2015,19(2):135-137.
[4]曹洋,洪志恒,金连梅,等.2011-2012年全国手足口病疫情监测分析[J].疾病监测,2013,28(12):975-980.
[5]邹娇娇,杨小兵,孔德广,等.2011-2016年武汉市手足口病流行特征及预测[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(4):46-48.
[6]白江涛,许少坚,任燕,等.2015-2016年深圳市龙华区手足口病流行病学和病原学特征[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(7):732-736.
[7]常昭瑞,张静,孙军玲,等.中国2008-2009年手足口病报告病例流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,201132(7):676-680.
[8]刘俊华,谢丽娜,梁桂玲,等.深圳市龙岗区2012-2015年≤3岁儿童手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2017,8(1):31-43.
[9]王思嘉,易波,许国章,等.手足口病流行病学研究进展[J].中国公共卫生管理,2017,33(4):492-496.
[10]蒋丽娜,谭毅,王晶,等.2008-2015年广西手足口病流行病学特征及时空聚集性分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志2017,21(4):340-344.
[11]查文婷,王玲,郑剑,等.基于GIS技术分析长沙市2006-2013年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(4):345-348.
[12]蒋静,徐勇,张皓,等.2008-2015年宜昌市手足口病病例特征分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(4):81-83.
[13]赵崇泉,郭勇晖,沈永棋,等.2014-2015年广州759例儿童肠道病毒感染病原谱调查[J].中华疾病控制杂志2017,21(6):567-571.
[14]常昭瑞,刘凤凤,吕斌,等.2017年1-5月全国手足口病疫情形势分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(6):447-452.
[15]田靓,朱仁义,范俊华,等.上海市2009年幼托机构手足口病聚集性病例流行病学分析[J].中国学校卫生,201132(5):596-598.
[16]李辉,胡茂红,吴景文,等.南昌市2009年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2011,15(2):129-131.
[2]丁全明,安银翠,马辛瑶,等.2010-2015年汉中市手足口病流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(1):34-37.
[3]郑媛,周步宇,关路媛,等.2009-2013年陕西省手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志2015,19(2):135-137.
[4]曹洋,洪志恒,金连梅,等.2011-2012年全国手足口病疫情监测分析[J].疾病监测,2013,28(12):975-980.
[5]邹娇娇,杨小兵,孔德广,等.2011-2016年武汉市手足口病流行特征及预测[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(4):46-48.
[6]白江涛,许少坚,任燕,等.2015-2016年深圳市龙华区手足口病流行病学和病原学特征[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(7):732-736.
[7]常昭瑞,张静,孙军玲,等.中国2008-2009年手足口病报告病例流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,201132(7):676-680.
[8]刘俊华,谢丽娜,梁桂玲,等.深圳市龙岗区2012-2015年≤3岁儿童手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2017,8(1):31-43.
[9]王思嘉,易波,许国章,等.手足口病流行病学研究进展[J].中国公共卫生管理,2017,33(4):492-496.
[10]蒋丽娜,谭毅,王晶,等.2008-2015年广西手足口病流行病学特征及时空聚集性分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志2017,21(4):340-344.
[11]查文婷,王玲,郑剑,等.基于GIS技术分析长沙市2006-2013年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(4):345-348.
[12]蒋静,徐勇,张皓,等.2008-2015年宜昌市手足口病病例特征分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(4):81-83.
[13]赵崇泉,郭勇晖,沈永棋,等.2014-2015年广州759例儿童肠道病毒感染病原谱调查[J].中华疾病控制杂志2017,21(6):567-571.
[14]常昭瑞,刘凤凤,吕斌,等.2017年1-5月全国手足口病疫情形势分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(6):447-452.
[15]田靓,朱仁义,范俊华,等.上海市2009年幼托机构手足口病聚集性病例流行病学分析[J].中国学校卫生,201132(5):596-598.
[16]李辉,胡茂红,吴景文,等.南昌市2009年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2011,15(2):129-131.