高粱抗旱性鉴定方法及相关QTL定位研究进展
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摘要
高粱[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench]是世界上重要的粮食、饲料、纤维和能源作物之一,因其根系发达、叶片蜡质层厚密、渗透调节能力强、光合效率高等特点,在干旱条件下具有很强的适应性。因此,高粱在气候变化、水资源短缺和满足世界粮食需求等方面发挥着重要的作用。干旱是制约世界农业生产的主要逆境因素之一,如何解决高粱在干旱条件下的产量问题仍然是育种工作者面临的巨大挑战。为了给高粱抗旱育种提供参考,本文综述了高粱抗旱性的鉴定方法、鉴定指标和优异抗旱种质资源,以及高粱花前抗旱和花后抗旱相关性状QTL定位的研究进展,并对高粱抗旱性研究的发展趋势提出了展望。认为应建立规模化高粱种质资源抗旱鉴定体系、选择合适的全生育期自然鉴定地点,筛选抗旱种质资源;利用高通量测序技术,高效挖掘高粱抗旱性基因;建立高粱遗传转化体系、运用基因编辑等生物技术,加快高粱抗旱育种进程。
Sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench]is one of the globally most important crops that can be used for grain,feed,fiber and energy. Because of its developed root system,thick leaf waxy layer,strong osmotic adjustment ability and high photosynthetic ef?ciency,sorghum showed strong adaptability particularly under drought conditions,in order to meet the global climate change,water scarcity and world food demand. As drought is one of the major adverse factors that restrict the agricultural production in the world,how to solve the problem of sorghum yield under drought is still a great challenge for the breeders. In order to provide reference for the selection of new varieties of sorghumdrought resistance,here we review the methods for drought resistance,drought indexes and excellent germplasm resources of sorghum,as well as the research progress on QTL mapping of drought resistance and drought resistance related charactering sorghum. Finally,we provide the prospective in studies for sorghum drought resistance,including:(1)Large-scale tests for drought resistance in sorghum germplasm resources for entire growth period,(2)Gene mining using next-generation sequencing technology,(3)updated breeding methodologies using genetic modi?cation and gene editing.
Sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench]is one of the globally most important crops that can be used for grain,feed,fiber and energy. Because of its developed root system,thick leaf waxy layer,strong osmotic adjustment ability and high photosynthetic ef?ciency,sorghum showed strong adaptability particularly under drought conditions,in order to meet the global climate change,water scarcity and world food demand. As drought is one of the major adverse factors that restrict the agricultural production in the world,how to solve the problem of sorghum yield under drought is still a great challenge for the breeders. In order to provide reference for the selection of new varieties of sorghumdrought resistance,here we review the methods for drought resistance,drought indexes and excellent germplasm resources of sorghum,as well as the research progress on QTL mapping of drought resistance and drought resistance related charactering sorghum. Finally,we provide the prospective in studies for sorghum drought resistance,including:(1)Large-scale tests for drought resistance in sorghum germplasm resources for entire growth period,(2)Gene mining using next-generation sequencing technology,(3)updated breeding methodologies using genetic modi?cation and gene editing.
引文
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