檫木种群数量动态分析
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摘要
为了揭示檫木种群结构和数量的动态变化特征,在安徽休宁县檫木次生林进行实地踏查,以径级取代龄级法分析种群的年龄结构,运用分段匀滑技术建立静态生命表,并结合生存分析的4个函数曲线,探讨该次生林的檫木种群数量动态。结果表明,檫木种群结构特征表现为衰退型,幼龄及老龄的檫木个体数量缺少,中龄的檫木个体在种群中占数量优势,呈现纺锤形分布;檫木种群的死亡率曲线和亏损率曲线波动趋势相近,均出现2个高峰,一个出现在第Ⅲ龄级,另一个出现在第Ⅴ龄级;檫木种群的存活曲线经拟合检验后属于Deevey-Ⅲ型。
To reveal the dynamic characteristics of population structure and quantitative of Sassafras tzumu, the study was carried out in a secondary forest of Sassafras tzumu of Xiuning county, Anhui Province. The age structure was analyzed using the age classes represented by size-classes. The static state life table was established with stagesmoothing technique. And the four survival function curves of survival analysis were combined. Thus the population dynamic of Sassafras tzumu in this secondary forest was explored. The results showed that:(1) The population structure of Sassafras tzumu showed a declining pattern, the number of juveniles and older individuals was still scarce, middle age individuals was in a larger part, showing a fusiform distribution;(2) The curves of the mortality rate and the vanishing rate of the Sassafras tzumu population varied in a similar trend, each with two peaks popping up at the 3 nd age class and the other at the 5 th;(3) The survival rate curve of Sassafras tzumu population tended to be of the type of Deevey-Ⅲ.
To reveal the dynamic characteristics of population structure and quantitative of Sassafras tzumu, the study was carried out in a secondary forest of Sassafras tzumu of Xiuning county, Anhui Province. The age structure was analyzed using the age classes represented by size-classes. The static state life table was established with stagesmoothing technique. And the four survival function curves of survival analysis were combined. Thus the population dynamic of Sassafras tzumu in this secondary forest was explored. The results showed that:(1) The population structure of Sassafras tzumu showed a declining pattern, the number of juveniles and older individuals was still scarce, middle age individuals was in a larger part, showing a fusiform distribution;(2) The curves of the mortality rate and the vanishing rate of the Sassafras tzumu population varied in a similar trend, each with two peaks popping up at the 3 nd age class and the other at the 5 th;(3) The survival rate curve of Sassafras tzumu population tended to be of the type of Deevey-Ⅲ.
引文
Bi X.L.,Hong W.,Wu C.Z.,Yan S.J.,and Lan B.,2002,Population statistics analysis of Pinus taiwanensis,Linye Kexue(Scientia Silvae Sinicae),38(1):61-67(毕晓丽,洪伟,吴承祯,闫淑君,蓝斌,2002,黄山松种群统计分析,林业科学,38(1):61-67)
Chen X.D.,1998,A study on the method of quantitative analysis for plant population and communiti structural dynamics,S-hengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),18(2):214-217(陈晓德,1998,植物种群与群落结构动态量化分析方法研究,生态学报,18(2):214-217)
Fan H.L.,Hong T.,and Wu C.Z.,2005,A study on growth law of Daminance of Sassafras tsumu Hemsl population,Jiangxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis),27(5):744-747(范海兰,洪滔,吴承祯,2005,檫木种群基面积增长规律研究,江西农业大学学报,27(5):744-747)
Harper J.L.,ed.,1977,Population biology of plants,Academic Press,London,U.K.,pp.1-10
Huang C.L.,Zhao C.H.,Fu S.L.,Liu X.J.,Yao Y.M.,and Liu D.,2005,Study on water physiology and biomass of Shibatae hispida in Anhui Province,Shuitu Baochi Xuebao(Journal of Soil and Water Conservation),19(1):188-191,199(黄成林,赵昌恒,傅松玲,刘西军,姚玉敏,刘地,2005,安徽休宁倭竹水分生理及生物量的研究,水土保持学报,19(1):188-191,199)
Jiang H.,ed.,1992,Spruce(Picea asperata)population ecology,China Forestry Publishing House,Beijing,China,pp.7-139(江洪,编著,1992,云杉种群生态学,中国林业出版社,中国,北京,pp.7-139)
Lin T.L.,2000,A study of the population structure and distribution pattern of Sassafras tzumu in north Fujian,Zhongnan Linxuebao(Journal of Central South Forestry University),20(1):49-51,83(林同龙,2000,闽北天然檫树种群结构与分布格局初步研究,中南林学报,20(1):49-51,83)
Ling Y.,Zhang G.F.,and Wang R.,2011,Dynamics of Celtis sinensis polulation in Laoshan national forest park of Nanjing,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huangjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),27(2):28-34(凌云,张光富,王锐,2011,南京老山国家森林公园朴树种群动态,生态与农村环境学报,27(2):28-34)
Liu G.J.,Zhang X.M.,Zhu J.T.,LüC.Y.,and Lu Y.,2011,Structure and dynamics of Haloxylon ammodendron population along the southeastern margin of the Zhumger Basin,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),31(6):1250-1256(刘国军,张希明,朱军涛,吕朝燕,鲁艳,2011,准噶尔盆地东南缘梭梭种群结构与动态研究,西北植物学报,31(6):1250-1256)
Liu J.,Hong W.,Wu C.Z.,He D.J.,Bi X.L.,and Yan S.J.,2001,A study on the law of competition in naturally regenerated Sassafras tzunu forest,Jiangxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis),23(2):240-243(柳江,洪伟,吴承祯,何东进,毕晓丽,闫淑君,2001,天然更新檫木林竞争规律研究,江西农业大学学报,23(2):240-243)
Stewart G.H.,1989,The dynamics of old-grow pseudotsuga forests in the western cascade range,Oregon,USA,Vegetation,82(1):79-94
Wan Z.B.,Cheng G.Y.,Ding Q.Q.,and Fang L.J.,2014a,Population structure dynamics of Betula luminifera secondary forest in Jixi county of Anhui procince,China,Dongbei Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Forestry University),42(1):27-30,60(万志兵,程国源,丁强强,方乐金,2014a,绩溪光皮桦次生林的种群动态,东北林业大学学报,42(1):27-30,60)
Wan Z.B.,Liu C.G.,and Zu H.H.,2014b,Population structure danamics of Pinus massniana secondry forest in Jiling mountain of Huangshan,Jinggangshan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Jingangshan Universit(Natural Science)),35(6):107-113(万志兵,刘成功,祖浩浩,2014b,黄山市稽灵山次生马尾松种群数量动态,井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),35(6):107-113)
Wang T.,and Song D.Q.,2008,On the population structure and life table of the endangered population of Castanopsis eyreti in Banqiao Nature Reserve in Anhui Province,Jinling Keji Xueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Jinling Institute of Technology),24(4):45-49(王甜,宋丁全,2008,安徽宁国板桥自然保护区甜槠种群结构动态与生命表分析,金陵科技学院学报,24(4):45-49)
Wang X.,Yang S.G.,Yu F.,Ji C.F.,Long C.L.,and Jiang X.M.,2015,Research progress of Sassafras tzunu,Nanfang Linye Kexue(South China Forestry Science),43(5):29-33,39(王馨,杨淑桂,于芬,季春峰,龙春玲,江香梅,2015,檫木的研究进展,南方林业科学,43(5):29-33,39)
Wu K.M.,Shen Z.J.,Liu H.,Wu Y.H.,He R.T.,Qiu Y.,and Yang N.,2012,Life table and survival analysis of natural Davidia involucrata population in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve,Guizhou Province of southwest China,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),31(6):1419-1424(吴明开,沈志君,刘海,吴沿友,何汝态,邱阳,杨妮,杨宁,2012,梵净山自然保护区珙桐天然种群生命表与生存分析,生态学杂志,31(6):1419-1424)
Xie C.,Fang Y.,and Fang Y.M.,2010,Analysis of the population dynamics of Quercus phillyraeoides,Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),28(4):438-448(谢春,方彦,方炎明,2010,乌冈栎种群数量动态分析,四川农业大学学报,28(4):438-448)
Xie Z.Q.,Chen W.L.,Lu P.,and Hu D.,1999,The demography and age structure of the endangered plant population of Cathaya argyrophylla,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),19(4):523-528(谢宗强,陈伟烈,路鹏,胡东,1999,濒危植物银杉的种群统计与年龄结构,生态学报,19(4):523-528)
Yan G.Q.,Zhao G.F.,Hu Z.H.,and Yue M.,2001,Population structure and aynamics of Larix chinenesis in Qinling Mountain,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),12(6):824-828(闫桂琴,赵桂仿,胡正海,岳明,2001,秦岭太白红杉种群结构与动态的研究,应用生态学报,12(6):824-828)
Zhang W.H.,Wang Y.P.,Kang Y.X.,and Liu X.J.,2004,Age structure and time sequence prediction of population of an endangered plant,Larix potaninii var.Chinensis,Shengwu Duoyangxing(Biodiversity Science),12(3):361-369(张文辉,王延平,康永祥,刘祥君,2004,濒危植物太白红杉种群年龄结构及其时间序列预测分析,生物多样性,12(3):361-369)
Zhang X.S.,Zhang X.P.,Guo C.Y.,and Ding J.H.,2012a,Quantitative dynamics of Pteroceltis tatarinpwii populations in Huangcangyu Nature Reserve of Anhui Province,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),31(2):282-291(张兴旺,张小平,郭传友,丁建华,2012a,安徽皇藏峪自然保护区青檀种群数量动态,生态学杂志,31(2):282-291)
Zhang X.W.,Zhang X.P.,Guo C.Y.,and Ding J.H.,2012b,Dynamics of Pteroceltis tatarinowii population in Langya mountain of Anhui Province,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),28(5):493-499(张兴旺,张小平,郭传友,丁建华,2012b,安徽琅琊山青檀种群数量动态,生态与农村环境学报,28(5):493-499)
Zhu N.,ed.,1982,Introduction to plant population ecology,Northeast Forestry University Press,Harbin,China,pp.19-74(祝宁,编著,1982,植物种群生态学导论,东北林业大学出版社,中国,哈尔滨,pp.19-74)
Chen X.D.,1998,A study on the method of quantitative analysis for plant population and communiti structural dynamics,S-hengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),18(2):214-217(陈晓德,1998,植物种群与群落结构动态量化分析方法研究,生态学报,18(2):214-217)
Fan H.L.,Hong T.,and Wu C.Z.,2005,A study on growth law of Daminance of Sassafras tsumu Hemsl population,Jiangxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis),27(5):744-747(范海兰,洪滔,吴承祯,2005,檫木种群基面积增长规律研究,江西农业大学学报,27(5):744-747)
Harper J.L.,ed.,1977,Population biology of plants,Academic Press,London,U.K.,pp.1-10
Huang C.L.,Zhao C.H.,Fu S.L.,Liu X.J.,Yao Y.M.,and Liu D.,2005,Study on water physiology and biomass of Shibatae hispida in Anhui Province,Shuitu Baochi Xuebao(Journal of Soil and Water Conservation),19(1):188-191,199(黄成林,赵昌恒,傅松玲,刘西军,姚玉敏,刘地,2005,安徽休宁倭竹水分生理及生物量的研究,水土保持学报,19(1):188-191,199)
Jiang H.,ed.,1992,Spruce(Picea asperata)population ecology,China Forestry Publishing House,Beijing,China,pp.7-139(江洪,编著,1992,云杉种群生态学,中国林业出版社,中国,北京,pp.7-139)
Lin T.L.,2000,A study of the population structure and distribution pattern of Sassafras tzumu in north Fujian,Zhongnan Linxuebao(Journal of Central South Forestry University),20(1):49-51,83(林同龙,2000,闽北天然檫树种群结构与分布格局初步研究,中南林学报,20(1):49-51,83)
Ling Y.,Zhang G.F.,and Wang R.,2011,Dynamics of Celtis sinensis polulation in Laoshan national forest park of Nanjing,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huangjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),27(2):28-34(凌云,张光富,王锐,2011,南京老山国家森林公园朴树种群动态,生态与农村环境学报,27(2):28-34)
Liu G.J.,Zhang X.M.,Zhu J.T.,LüC.Y.,and Lu Y.,2011,Structure and dynamics of Haloxylon ammodendron population along the southeastern margin of the Zhumger Basin,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),31(6):1250-1256(刘国军,张希明,朱军涛,吕朝燕,鲁艳,2011,准噶尔盆地东南缘梭梭种群结构与动态研究,西北植物学报,31(6):1250-1256)
Liu J.,Hong W.,Wu C.Z.,He D.J.,Bi X.L.,and Yan S.J.,2001,A study on the law of competition in naturally regenerated Sassafras tzunu forest,Jiangxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis),23(2):240-243(柳江,洪伟,吴承祯,何东进,毕晓丽,闫淑君,2001,天然更新檫木林竞争规律研究,江西农业大学学报,23(2):240-243)
Stewart G.H.,1989,The dynamics of old-grow pseudotsuga forests in the western cascade range,Oregon,USA,Vegetation,82(1):79-94
Wan Z.B.,Cheng G.Y.,Ding Q.Q.,and Fang L.J.,2014a,Population structure dynamics of Betula luminifera secondary forest in Jixi county of Anhui procince,China,Dongbei Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Forestry University),42(1):27-30,60(万志兵,程国源,丁强强,方乐金,2014a,绩溪光皮桦次生林的种群动态,东北林业大学学报,42(1):27-30,60)
Wan Z.B.,Liu C.G.,and Zu H.H.,2014b,Population structure danamics of Pinus massniana secondry forest in Jiling mountain of Huangshan,Jinggangshan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Jingangshan Universit(Natural Science)),35(6):107-113(万志兵,刘成功,祖浩浩,2014b,黄山市稽灵山次生马尾松种群数量动态,井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),35(6):107-113)
Wang T.,and Song D.Q.,2008,On the population structure and life table of the endangered population of Castanopsis eyreti in Banqiao Nature Reserve in Anhui Province,Jinling Keji Xueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Jinling Institute of Technology),24(4):45-49(王甜,宋丁全,2008,安徽宁国板桥自然保护区甜槠种群结构动态与生命表分析,金陵科技学院学报,24(4):45-49)
Wang X.,Yang S.G.,Yu F.,Ji C.F.,Long C.L.,and Jiang X.M.,2015,Research progress of Sassafras tzunu,Nanfang Linye Kexue(South China Forestry Science),43(5):29-33,39(王馨,杨淑桂,于芬,季春峰,龙春玲,江香梅,2015,檫木的研究进展,南方林业科学,43(5):29-33,39)
Wu K.M.,Shen Z.J.,Liu H.,Wu Y.H.,He R.T.,Qiu Y.,and Yang N.,2012,Life table and survival analysis of natural Davidia involucrata population in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve,Guizhou Province of southwest China,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),31(6):1419-1424(吴明开,沈志君,刘海,吴沿友,何汝态,邱阳,杨妮,杨宁,2012,梵净山自然保护区珙桐天然种群生命表与生存分析,生态学杂志,31(6):1419-1424)
Xie C.,Fang Y.,and Fang Y.M.,2010,Analysis of the population dynamics of Quercus phillyraeoides,Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),28(4):438-448(谢春,方彦,方炎明,2010,乌冈栎种群数量动态分析,四川农业大学学报,28(4):438-448)
Xie Z.Q.,Chen W.L.,Lu P.,and Hu D.,1999,The demography and age structure of the endangered plant population of Cathaya argyrophylla,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),19(4):523-528(谢宗强,陈伟烈,路鹏,胡东,1999,濒危植物银杉的种群统计与年龄结构,生态学报,19(4):523-528)
Yan G.Q.,Zhao G.F.,Hu Z.H.,and Yue M.,2001,Population structure and aynamics of Larix chinenesis in Qinling Mountain,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),12(6):824-828(闫桂琴,赵桂仿,胡正海,岳明,2001,秦岭太白红杉种群结构与动态的研究,应用生态学报,12(6):824-828)
Zhang W.H.,Wang Y.P.,Kang Y.X.,and Liu X.J.,2004,Age structure and time sequence prediction of population of an endangered plant,Larix potaninii var.Chinensis,Shengwu Duoyangxing(Biodiversity Science),12(3):361-369(张文辉,王延平,康永祥,刘祥君,2004,濒危植物太白红杉种群年龄结构及其时间序列预测分析,生物多样性,12(3):361-369)
Zhang X.S.,Zhang X.P.,Guo C.Y.,and Ding J.H.,2012a,Quantitative dynamics of Pteroceltis tatarinpwii populations in Huangcangyu Nature Reserve of Anhui Province,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),31(2):282-291(张兴旺,张小平,郭传友,丁建华,2012a,安徽皇藏峪自然保护区青檀种群数量动态,生态学杂志,31(2):282-291)
Zhang X.W.,Zhang X.P.,Guo C.Y.,and Ding J.H.,2012b,Dynamics of Pteroceltis tatarinowii population in Langya mountain of Anhui Province,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),28(5):493-499(张兴旺,张小平,郭传友,丁建华,2012b,安徽琅琊山青檀种群数量动态,生态与农村环境学报,28(5):493-499)
Zhu N.,ed.,1982,Introduction to plant population ecology,Northeast Forestry University Press,Harbin,China,pp.19-74(祝宁,编著,1982,植物种群生态学导论,东北林业大学出版社,中国,哈尔滨,pp.19-74)