改进型本安Buck变换器的分析与设计
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摘要
提出了一种输出具有LC滤波电路的本安Buck变换器,使得在特定的电气性能指标要求下,可不提高变换器工作频率,但能减小变换器内部的电感量及电容量,达到提升该变换器本质安全性能的目的。深入分析了该拓扑电路在电感电流连续模式(CCM)时的输出纹波电压,指出输出纹波电压最大值是在输入电压最大,负载电阻为CCM与DCM的临界电阻时取得。根据最大输出纹波电压指标要求,在给定的动态范围内,得出了本安Buck变换器电感、电容参数的设计方法。为了说明改进型Buck变换器相比于传统型Buck变换器的优势,在相同的输出纹波电压指标要求下,对传统型及改进型Buck变换器的电感、电容取值进行了比较分析,得出所提出的改进型Buck变换器采用较小的电感、电容即可满足电气性能指标要求,因而可提高其本安性能。因此,通过在Buck变换器的输出附加LC滤波电路,不仅能有效提高本安Buck变换器的输出功率,还能减小其体积。给出了设计实例,仿真与实验结果验证了改进电路拓扑理论分析的正确性及减小目标电感、电容量的可行性。
An intrinsically safe Buck converter with output LC low pass filter is proposed to meet the requirements of both electrical and intrinsic safety with smaller inductance and capacitance. The output voltage ripple( OVR) of CCM is analysed in detail. Then the maximum output voltage ripple( MOVR) can be obtained when input voltage Viis the maximum and load resistance RLis equal to the critical resistance RLC. The design methods of the inductors and the capacitors based on the MOVR are deduced within the ranges of both input voltage and load resistance. At last,in comparison to the typical Buck converter for energy storage elements,the presented converter achieves better electrical requirement with smaller inductance and capacitance. Moreover,obtaining a better intrinsic safety requirement seems to be an achievable goal. This indicates that the presented converter can improve the output power and reduce the size of the intrinsically safe converter. The theoretical validity analysis of the proposed converter are verified by the simulation and experimental results.
An intrinsically safe Buck converter with output LC low pass filter is proposed to meet the requirements of both electrical and intrinsic safety with smaller inductance and capacitance. The output voltage ripple( OVR) of CCM is analysed in detail. Then the maximum output voltage ripple( MOVR) can be obtained when input voltage Viis the maximum and load resistance RLis equal to the critical resistance RLC. The design methods of the inductors and the capacitors based on the MOVR are deduced within the ranges of both input voltage and load resistance. At last,in comparison to the typical Buck converter for energy storage elements,the presented converter achieves better electrical requirement with smaller inductance and capacitance. Moreover,obtaining a better intrinsic safety requirement seems to be an achievable goal. This indicates that the presented converter can improve the output power and reduce the size of the intrinsically safe converter. The theoretical validity analysis of the proposed converter are verified by the simulation and experimental results.
引文
[1] LIU Shu-lin,LIU Jian,YANG Yin-lin,et al. Design of intrinsically safe buck DC/DC converters[C]//Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electrical Machines&Systems,Nanjing,China,2005:1327-1331.
[2]于月森,何慧君,张望,等. Buck三电平变换器本质安全特性的分析[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(6):92-94.YU Yue-sen,HE Hui-jun,ZHANG Wang,et al. Analysis on intrinsically safe properties of buck three-level converter[J]. Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(6):92-94.
[3] Arsha B U,Ramesh K P. Higher order sliding mode control based duty-ratio controller for the DC/DC buck converter with constant power loads[C]//In Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical,Electronics,and Optimization Techniques(ICEEOT),Tamil Nadu,India,2016:478-483.
[4] Eckhoff P K. Minimum Ignition Energy(MIE):a basic ignition sensitivity parameter in design of intrinsically safe electrical apparatus for explosive dust clouds[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2002(15):305-310.
[5]刘树林,崔强,李勇. Buck变换器的输出短路火花放电能量及输出本质安全判据[J].物理学报,2013,62(16):438-447.LIU Shu-lin,CUI Qiang,LI Yong. Output short-circuit spark discharging energy and output intrinsic safety criterion of Buck converters[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(16):438-447.
[6]刘树林,刘健,寇蕾. Buck变换器的纹波电压分析及其应用[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(2):91-97.LIU Shu-lin,LIU Jian,KOU Lei. Analysis of output ripple voltage of Buck DC/DC converter and its application[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2007,22(2):91-97.
[7]付园园,姚素英,徐江涛,等. Buck DC-DC变换器电感的优化设计[J].南开大学学报(自然科学版),2012,45(6):33-40.FU Yuan-yuan,YAO Su-ying,XU Jiang-tao,et al. Optimization of inductance for Buck DC-DC converter[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis,2012,45(6):33-40.
[8]杨玉岗,祁鳞,李龙华.交错并联磁集成Buck变换器本质安全性输出纹波电压的分析[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(6):181-188.YANG Yu-gang,QI Lin,LI Long-hua. Analysis of output ripple voltage of essential safety for interleaving magnetics buck converter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(6):181-188.
[9]陈鸣,李舒然,陈方林. Buck变换器输入/输出滤波相关问题研究[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,55(1):75-79.CHEN Ming,LI Shu-ran,CHEN Fang-lin. The input and output filtering of Buck converter[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2016,55(1):75-79.
[10]刘健,刘树林,杨银玲,等. Buck变换器的输出本质安全特性分析及优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):52-57.LIU Jian,LIU Shu-lin,YANG Yin-ling,et al. Output intrinsically safe behavior of Buck converters and its optimal design[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(19):52-57.
[11] LIU Shu-lin,LIU Jian,LI Yan. Equivalent-resistance based analysis of inductor disconnected discharge behavior for intrinsic safety Buck converters[J]. Journal of Coal Science&Engineering,2008,14(3):485-488.
[12] LIU Shu-lin,LI Yan,LIU Li. Analysis of output voltage ripple of Buck DC-DC converter and its design[C]//The 2nd Conference on Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System,2009:112-115.
[13] YANG Yong,JIANG Ya-chao,LI Xing-dong,et al. Optimal design of voltage-controlled voltage source secondorder unit gain Butterworth low-pass filter[C]//2011International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering(ICEICE),2011:4318-4321.
[14] Wazir M,Mohammad U,Muhammad A,et al. Performance analysis of analog butterworth low pass filter as compared to chebyshev Type-Ⅰfilter,chebyshev Type-Ⅱfilter and elliptical filter[J]. Circuits and Systems,2014(5):209-216.
[15] Nguyen V,Tran V,Choi W,et al. Analysis of the output ripple of the DC-DC boost charger for Li-Ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Eletronics,2014,14(1):135-142.
[16] Nardo A,Femia N,Petrone G,et al. Optimal buck converter output filter design for point-of-load applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(4):1330-1341.
[17] Babaei E,Mahmoodieh M E S,Sabahi M. Investigating Buck DC-DC converter operation in different operational modes and obtaining the minimum output voltage ripple considering filter size[J]. Journal of Power Electronics,2011,11(6):793-800.
[18]刘树林,汪子为,钟明航,等.基于Matlab的Boost变换器输出本安性能评价系统[J].煤炭学报,2017(S1):282-287.LIU Shu-lin,WANG Zi-wei,ZHONG Ming-hang,et al.Evaluating system based on Matlab for output-intrinsic safety performance of Boost converter[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2017(S1):282-287.
[19]刘树林,马一博,文晓明,等.输出本安Buck-Boost变换器的最危险输出短路放电工况研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):253-260.LIU Shu-lin,MA Yi-bo,WEN Xiao-ming,et al. Research on the most dangerous output short-circuit discharge conditions of output intrinsic safety Buck-Boost converters[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):253-260.
[20] Juan Rodríguez,Diego G Lamar,Pablo F Miaja,et al.Reproducing single-carrier digital modulation Schemes for VLC by controlling the first switching harmonic of the DC-DC power converter output voltage ripple[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(9):7994-8010.
[21]陈国杰,周有平,李斌. Buck恒流电源的输出纹波分析与优化设计[J].核电子学与探测技术,2015,35(5):422-425.CHEN Guo-jie,ZHOU You-ping,LI Bin. Analysis on output ripple and optimal design of Buck constant current power supply[J]. Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2015,35(5):422-425.
[22] Wing-To Fan,Ken Kuen-Faat Yuen,Henry Shu-Hung Chung,et al. Power semiconductor filter:use of seriespass device in switching converters for filtering input current harmonics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(3):2053-2068.
[23] HU Wei,ZHANG Fang-ying,XU Ya-wu. Output voltage ripple analysis and design considerations of intrinsic safety flyback converter based on energy transmission modes[J]. Journal of Power Electronics,2014,14(5):908-917.
[24] Babaei E,Nesaz S R,Khasraghi K J. Assessment of step-up DC-DC converter with high voltage ratio in different operational modes[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,2014,39(3):2033-2043.
[25] CUI Bao-chun,CHENG Hong,WANG Cong,et al. Analysis of discharge spark energy in Buck converter of a continuous mode of inductive current[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2006,16(4):514-517.
[2]于月森,何慧君,张望,等. Buck三电平变换器本质安全特性的分析[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(6):92-94.YU Yue-sen,HE Hui-jun,ZHANG Wang,et al. Analysis on intrinsically safe properties of buck three-level converter[J]. Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(6):92-94.
[3] Arsha B U,Ramesh K P. Higher order sliding mode control based duty-ratio controller for the DC/DC buck converter with constant power loads[C]//In Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical,Electronics,and Optimization Techniques(ICEEOT),Tamil Nadu,India,2016:478-483.
[4] Eckhoff P K. Minimum Ignition Energy(MIE):a basic ignition sensitivity parameter in design of intrinsically safe electrical apparatus for explosive dust clouds[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2002(15):305-310.
[5]刘树林,崔强,李勇. Buck变换器的输出短路火花放电能量及输出本质安全判据[J].物理学报,2013,62(16):438-447.LIU Shu-lin,CUI Qiang,LI Yong. Output short-circuit spark discharging energy and output intrinsic safety criterion of Buck converters[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(16):438-447.
[6]刘树林,刘健,寇蕾. Buck变换器的纹波电压分析及其应用[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(2):91-97.LIU Shu-lin,LIU Jian,KOU Lei. Analysis of output ripple voltage of Buck DC/DC converter and its application[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2007,22(2):91-97.
[7]付园园,姚素英,徐江涛,等. Buck DC-DC变换器电感的优化设计[J].南开大学学报(自然科学版),2012,45(6):33-40.FU Yuan-yuan,YAO Su-ying,XU Jiang-tao,et al. Optimization of inductance for Buck DC-DC converter[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis,2012,45(6):33-40.
[8]杨玉岗,祁鳞,李龙华.交错并联磁集成Buck变换器本质安全性输出纹波电压的分析[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(6):181-188.YANG Yu-gang,QI Lin,LI Long-hua. Analysis of output ripple voltage of essential safety for interleaving magnetics buck converter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(6):181-188.
[9]陈鸣,李舒然,陈方林. Buck变换器输入/输出滤波相关问题研究[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2016,55(1):75-79.CHEN Ming,LI Shu-ran,CHEN Fang-lin. The input and output filtering of Buck converter[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2016,55(1):75-79.
[10]刘健,刘树林,杨银玲,等. Buck变换器的输出本质安全特性分析及优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):52-57.LIU Jian,LIU Shu-lin,YANG Yin-ling,et al. Output intrinsically safe behavior of Buck converters and its optimal design[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(19):52-57.
[11] LIU Shu-lin,LIU Jian,LI Yan. Equivalent-resistance based analysis of inductor disconnected discharge behavior for intrinsic safety Buck converters[J]. Journal of Coal Science&Engineering,2008,14(3):485-488.
[12] LIU Shu-lin,LI Yan,LIU Li. Analysis of output voltage ripple of Buck DC-DC converter and its design[C]//The 2nd Conference on Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System,2009:112-115.
[13] YANG Yong,JIANG Ya-chao,LI Xing-dong,et al. Optimal design of voltage-controlled voltage source secondorder unit gain Butterworth low-pass filter[C]//2011International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering(ICEICE),2011:4318-4321.
[14] Wazir M,Mohammad U,Muhammad A,et al. Performance analysis of analog butterworth low pass filter as compared to chebyshev Type-Ⅰfilter,chebyshev Type-Ⅱfilter and elliptical filter[J]. Circuits and Systems,2014(5):209-216.
[15] Nguyen V,Tran V,Choi W,et al. Analysis of the output ripple of the DC-DC boost charger for Li-Ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Eletronics,2014,14(1):135-142.
[16] Nardo A,Femia N,Petrone G,et al. Optimal buck converter output filter design for point-of-load applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(4):1330-1341.
[17] Babaei E,Mahmoodieh M E S,Sabahi M. Investigating Buck DC-DC converter operation in different operational modes and obtaining the minimum output voltage ripple considering filter size[J]. Journal of Power Electronics,2011,11(6):793-800.
[18]刘树林,汪子为,钟明航,等.基于Matlab的Boost变换器输出本安性能评价系统[J].煤炭学报,2017(S1):282-287.LIU Shu-lin,WANG Zi-wei,ZHONG Ming-hang,et al.Evaluating system based on Matlab for output-intrinsic safety performance of Boost converter[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2017(S1):282-287.
[19]刘树林,马一博,文晓明,等.输出本安Buck-Boost变换器的最危险输出短路放电工况研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):253-260.LIU Shu-lin,MA Yi-bo,WEN Xiao-ming,et al. Research on the most dangerous output short-circuit discharge conditions of output intrinsic safety Buck-Boost converters[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):253-260.
[20] Juan Rodríguez,Diego G Lamar,Pablo F Miaja,et al.Reproducing single-carrier digital modulation Schemes for VLC by controlling the first switching harmonic of the DC-DC power converter output voltage ripple[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(9):7994-8010.
[21]陈国杰,周有平,李斌. Buck恒流电源的输出纹波分析与优化设计[J].核电子学与探测技术,2015,35(5):422-425.CHEN Guo-jie,ZHOU You-ping,LI Bin. Analysis on output ripple and optimal design of Buck constant current power supply[J]. Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2015,35(5):422-425.
[22] Wing-To Fan,Ken Kuen-Faat Yuen,Henry Shu-Hung Chung,et al. Power semiconductor filter:use of seriespass device in switching converters for filtering input current harmonics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(3):2053-2068.
[23] HU Wei,ZHANG Fang-ying,XU Ya-wu. Output voltage ripple analysis and design considerations of intrinsic safety flyback converter based on energy transmission modes[J]. Journal of Power Electronics,2014,14(5):908-917.
[24] Babaei E,Nesaz S R,Khasraghi K J. Assessment of step-up DC-DC converter with high voltage ratio in different operational modes[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,2014,39(3):2033-2043.
[25] CUI Bao-chun,CHENG Hong,WANG Cong,et al. Analysis of discharge spark energy in Buck converter of a continuous mode of inductive current[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2006,16(4):514-517.