一种有源电容变换器的分析与设计
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摘要
单相功率变换器由于交流侧与直流侧瞬时功率不平衡,其内部直流母线电容通常采用容值大的电解电容。而电解电容存在使用寿命短、热稳定性差等固有缺陷,影响变换器的使用寿命及可靠性。为此,该文设计一种有源电容变换器,通过控制其端口电压、电流满足电容元件的电压、电流微分关系,从而实现容值确定的有源电容来替代原来的电解电容,进而克服电解电容使用寿命短、热稳定性差的缺陷,延长单相功率变换器的使用寿命并提高了其热稳定性。本文首先介绍直流母线电容大小的计算方法,然后阐述有源电容变换器的工作原理及其参数定量设计的方法,最后利用仿真软件和样机进行相关仿真及实验验证,结果验证了理论分析和参数设计的正确性。
Single-phase power converter usually adopts large-capacity electrolytic capacitor because of the instantaneous power imbalance between the AC side and the DC side. The electrolytic capacitor has inherent defects such as short service life and poor thermal stability, which affects the life and reliability of the converter. Therefore, an active capacitor converter is proposed in this paper. By controlling the port voltage and port current to meet the differential relationship of a capacitor, the active capacitor is replaced by the original electrolytic capacitor. Thereby, the inherent defects of the electrolytic capacitor can be overcome. Meanwhile, the service life of the single-phase power converter can be prolonged and the thermal stability can be improved. Firstly, the detailed calculation method of the bus capacitor is carried out. Then, the working principle and its parameter design method of the active capacitor converter are expounded. Finally, the simulation and an experimental prototype verify the active capacitor converter, which show the correction of the theory analysis and parameter design.
Single-phase power converter usually adopts large-capacity electrolytic capacitor because of the instantaneous power imbalance between the AC side and the DC side. The electrolytic capacitor has inherent defects such as short service life and poor thermal stability, which affects the life and reliability of the converter. Therefore, an active capacitor converter is proposed in this paper. By controlling the port voltage and port current to meet the differential relationship of a capacitor, the active capacitor is replaced by the original electrolytic capacitor. Thereby, the inherent defects of the electrolytic capacitor can be overcome. Meanwhile, the service life of the single-phase power converter can be prolonged and the thermal stability can be improved. Firstly, the detailed calculation method of the bus capacitor is carried out. Then, the working principle and its parameter design method of the active capacitor converter are expounded. Finally, the simulation and an experimental prototype verify the active capacitor converter, which show the correction of the theory analysis and parameter design.
引文
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[15]Zhang Fanghua,Ni Jianjun,Yu Yijie.High power factor AC-DC LED driver with film capacitors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,28(10):4831-4840.
[16]Wang Ruxi,Wang Fei,Boroyevich D,et al.A high power density single-phase PWM rectifier with active ripple energy storage[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(5):1430-1443.
[17]Zhong Qingchang,Ming Wenlong,Cao Xin,et al Reduction of DC-bus voltage ripples and capacitors for single-phase PWM-controlled rectifiers[C]//IECON 2012-38th Annual,Conference on IEEEIndustrial Electronics Society,Montreal,QC,Canada2012:708-713.
[18]Tang Yi,Qin Zian,Blaabjerg F,et al.A dual voltage control strategy for single-phase PWM converters with power decoupling function[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(12):7060-7071.
[19]Palma L.An active power filter for low frequency ripple current reduction in fuel cell applications[C]//International Symposium on Power Electronics Electrical Drives Automation and Motion,Pisa,Italy,2010:1308-1313.
[2]孟准,王议锋,杨良.一种适用于小功率可再生能源的单相高频双Buck全桥并网逆变器[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):220-228.Meng Zhun,Wang Yifeng,Yang Liang.A singlephase high frequency dual-buck full-bridge inverter for small-scale renwable source application[J]Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):220-228.
[3]刘闯,刘艳鹏,刘海洋,等.高频隔离型电动汽车快速直流充电器研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(3):40-49.Liu Chuang,Liu Yanpeng,Liu Haiyang,et al.Quick DC charger for high-frequency isolation electric vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(3):40-49.
[4]宋平岗,吴继珍,董辉.新型牵引供电系统直流侧二次波动分析与抑制[J].电工技术学报,201732(9):80-91.Song Pinggang,Wu Jizhen,Dong Hui.Analysis and suppressing DC-side twice ripples of a novel traction power supply system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(9):80-91.
[5]杨俊伟,史旺旺.交流电流直接控制的单相PWM整流器非线性控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(20):114-118.Yang Junwei,Shi Wangwang.Nonlinear control stratege for direct AC current control in single-phase PWM rectifier[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(20):114-118.
[6]章勇高,纵楠.一种基于直流输出侧并联解耦的光伏微逆变器优化设计研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):26-31.Zhang Yonggao,Zong Nan.Research on the optimal design of a PV micro-inver with parallel decoupling circuit on DC side[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):26-31.
[7]Qin Yaxiao,Chung H S H,Lin Deyan,et al.Current source ballast for high power lighting emitting diodes without electrolytic capacitor[C]//2008 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics,Orlando,FL,USA,2008:1968-1973.
[8]Vasiladiotis M,Rufer A.Dynamic analysis and state feedback voltage control of single-phase active rectifiers with DC-link resonant filters[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(10):5620-5633.
[9]Gu Linlin,Ruan Xinbo,Xu Ming,et al.Means of eliminating electrolytic capacitor in AC/DC power supplies for LED lightings[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(5):1399-1408.
[10]Wang Beibei,Ruan Xinbo,Yao Kai,et al.A method of reducing the peak-to-average ratio of LED current for electrolytic capacitor-less AC/DC drivers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2010,25(3):592-601.
[11]顾琳琳,阮新波,姚凯,等.采用谐波电流注入法减小储能电容容值[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):142-148.Gu Linlin,Ruan Xinbo,Yao Kai,et al.A harmonic current injection to ruduce storage capacitance[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(5):142-148.
[12]Lamar D G,Sebastian J,Arias M,et al.On the limit of the output capacitor reduction in power-factor correctors by distorting the line input current[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(3):1168-1176.
[13]倪建军,张方华,俞忆洁.无电解电容的高功率因数AC-DC LED驱动器[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(12):79-86.Ni Jianjun,Zhang Fanghua,Yu Yijie.High power factor AC-DC LED drivers without electrolytic capacitor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(12):79-86.
[14]Pinto R A,Cosetin M R,Campos A,et al.Compact emergency lamp using power LEDs[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,59(4):1728-1738.
[15]Zhang Fanghua,Ni Jianjun,Yu Yijie.High power factor AC-DC LED driver with film capacitors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,28(10):4831-4840.
[16]Wang Ruxi,Wang Fei,Boroyevich D,et al.A high power density single-phase PWM rectifier with active ripple energy storage[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(5):1430-1443.
[17]Zhong Qingchang,Ming Wenlong,Cao Xin,et al Reduction of DC-bus voltage ripples and capacitors for single-phase PWM-controlled rectifiers[C]//IECON 2012-38th Annual,Conference on IEEEIndustrial Electronics Society,Montreal,QC,Canada2012:708-713.
[18]Tang Yi,Qin Zian,Blaabjerg F,et al.A dual voltage control strategy for single-phase PWM converters with power decoupling function[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(12):7060-7071.
[19]Palma L.An active power filter for low frequency ripple current reduction in fuel cell applications[C]//International Symposium on Power Electronics Electrical Drives Automation and Motion,Pisa,Italy,2010:1308-1313.