KOH活化法制备煤基活性炭及其吸附性能研究
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摘要
研究了以无烟煤为原料,通过预炭化、再采用KOH活化法制备煤基活性炭的工艺。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了活性炭的显微结构,并测试了活性炭对甲基橙(MO)的吸附性能。结果表明:无烟煤炭化产物与KOH质量比(炭碱比)、活化温度、活化时间对煤基活性炭显微结构及吸附性能有显著影响。在炭碱比为1∶1、活化温度为900℃、活化时间1h的条件下,能制备出吸附性能良好的活性炭材料,吸附15min时对MO的吸附率可达到89.6%。
Coal-based activated carbons were prepared from anthracite using pre-carbonization and then KOH activation method.The microstructure of activated carbons was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope(SEM),and their adsorption property for methyl orange(MO)were investigated.The results showed that the mass ratio of carbonization product of anthracite to KOH(mass ratio of coke to alkali),activation temperature and activation time had important effects on the microstructure and adsorption performances of activated carbons.When the ratio of coke to alkali was 1∶1 and activated at 900℃ for 1 h,the activated carbon with excellent adsorption performance was prepared.The adsorption rate of MO on the as-prepared activated carbon reached as high as 89.6% after adsorbing for 15 min.
Coal-based activated carbons were prepared from anthracite using pre-carbonization and then KOH activation method.The microstructure of activated carbons was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope(SEM),and their adsorption property for methyl orange(MO)were investigated.The results showed that the mass ratio of carbonization product of anthracite to KOH(mass ratio of coke to alkali),activation temperature and activation time had important effects on the microstructure and adsorption performances of activated carbons.When the ratio of coke to alkali was 1∶1 and activated at 900℃ for 1 h,the activated carbon with excellent adsorption performance was prepared.The adsorption rate of MO on the as-prepared activated carbon reached as high as 89.6% after adsorbing for 15 min.
引文
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[2]张高峰,张治国,高艳芳,等.煤基活性炭的制备及其作为超级电容器电极材料的研究[J].内蒙古工业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,33(4):273-277.
[3]葛欣宇,武占省,闫豫君,等.氨水改性增强煤基活性炭对芘的吸附性能研究[J].石河子大学学报:自然科学版,2016,34(1):92-99.
[4]莫冰玉,唐玉斌,陈芳艳,等.磁性活性炭的制备及其对水中甲基橙的吸附[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(4):1863-1868.
[5]张中华,解强,王燕,等.煤基活性炭孔结构对电化学性能的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(3):448-453.
[6]谌伦建,邢宝林,马亚芬,等.氨解改性煤基活性炭电极材料的电化学性能[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(3):454-460.
[7]Trang V T,刘文静,赵广杰.化学活化处理天然植物碳纤维的结构与性能[J].化工新型材料,2015,43(12):5.
[8]Wennerberg A,John T.Process for increasing the surface area of active arbons:US,3817874[P].1974-06-18.
[9]邢宝林,谌伦建,张传祥,等.KOH活化法制备褐煤基活性炭的活化机理研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(6):1038-1045.
[10]赵强,薛雅荣,白玉龙,等.改性玉米秸秆吸附Cu2+的研究[J].化工新型材料,2016,44(5):215-217.
[11]赵阳,高建民,郝新敏,等.基于KOH活化法的核桃壳基活性炭制备及其表征[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(2):262-266.
[12]舒成,李克健,杨葛灵,等.原料灰分及脱灰工艺对KOH活化法制备活性炭的影响[J].炭素技术,2016,35(2):28-31.
[13]柏松,梁健,蔡勤,等.KOH活化芒果核制备活性炭及其吸附性能研究[J].化学试剂,2016,38(1):18-21.
[14]林淑萍,徐浩,罗诗渊,等.新型沥青基高比表面积活性炭的制备及性能[J].化工新型材料,2015,43(12):137-139.
[15]Liang J,Qin C A I,Bo L I,et al.Preparation and adsorption properties of activated carbon from glutinous rice straw by KOH method[J].Agricultural Science&Technology,2015,16(11):2549-2551.
[16]卫新来,俞志敏,吴克,等.KOH活化制备脱水污泥活性炭[J].应用化工,2015,44(3):463-465.
[17]朱亚红,杜巍,苏印泉,等.KOH活化法制备沙柳枝木活性炭的研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(22):26-31.
[18]耿莉莉,张宏喜,李学琴.KOH活化法制备棉秆基活性炭的研究[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(14):3489-3491.
[19]Kuznetsov B N,Chesnokov N V,Tsyganova S I,et al.Porous carbon materials produced by the chemical activation of birch wood[J].Solid Fuel Chemistry,2016,50(1):23-30.
[20]Kubota M,Hata A,Matsuda H.Preparation of activated carbon from phenolic resin by KOH chemical activation under microwave heating[J].Carbon,2009,47(12):2805-2811.
[21]Wu F C,Wu P H,Tseng R L,et al.Preparation of activated carbons from unburnt coal in bottom ash with KOH activation for liquid-phase adsorption[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2010,91(5):1097-1102.
[22]Kawano T,Kubota M,Onyango M S,et al.Preparation of activated carbon from petroleum coke by KOH chemical activation for adsorption heat pump[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2008,28(8):865-871.
[23]Abdelhakim E,Zulamita Z B,Francisco C M,et al.Activated carbons from KOH-activation of argan(argania spinosa)seed shells as supercapacitor electrodes[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,111:185-190.