运动参数对回转体倾斜入水流场特性影响
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摘要
为分析回转体低速倾斜入水过程中入水空泡形态及流体动力特性演化规律,基于Fluent流体计算平台,并利用动网格技术,针对小型回转体以不同入水速度和入水角度的倾斜入水过程开展数值仿真研究.数值仿真结果与试验结果良好一致性,证明了文中数值仿真方法的正确性与有效性.基于该数值仿真方法,针对不同入水速度和不同入水角度回转体低速倾斜入水过程流场特性进行分析.数值计算结果表明:在距离自由液面相同位置处,回转体倾斜入水产生所产生的入水空泡,其直径随着入水速度的增加而小幅增大,随着入水角度的增加而减小;入水速度对流场中压力分布规律有较大影响,在同一入水深度处不同入水速度回转体入水过程中流场的最大压力随着入水速度的增加而增大;入水角度对回转体附近流域的最大压力影响较小,但最小压力随着回转体入水角度的增加而增大;不同入水角度回转体,母线压力峰值位置随着入水角度的增加而逐渐向母线右端点偏移,但其值差别较小;不同入水速度回转体其阻力系数峰值差别不大,不同入水角度阻力系数峰值随着入水角度的增加而增大,但稳定后的阻力系数值随着入水速度的增加而减小.
To investigate the water-entry cavity and the dynamic characteristics of the revolution body,the Fluent was adopted for the multiphase flow and the movement of the water-entry revolution body with the dynamic mesh.The effectiveness of the numerical method was verified by comparing the numerical results with the experimental results. Based on the method,the flow field characteristics during the oblique water entry of the revolution body with different velocities and angles is studied. Results show that in the same water depth,the diameters of the water-entry cavity increased slightly as the velocity of water entry increased,and decreased as the angle of water entry increased. The velocity of water entry had a great influence on the pressure distribution in the flow field. The maximum pressure of the flow field increased as the water-entry velocity increased for the same water depth. The angle of water entry had little influence on the maximum pressure of the flow field near the revolution body,but the minimum pressure increased as the water entry angle increased. When the angle of the water entry was larger,the point of the maximum pressure in the generatrix of the cone shifted to the right endpoint gradually,but its value had little difference. The drag coefficient peak value differed slightly with increasing the velocity of water entry,but became larger as the angle of water entry increased. The stable drag coefficient became larger with the increase of water-entry velocity.
To investigate the water-entry cavity and the dynamic characteristics of the revolution body,the Fluent was adopted for the multiphase flow and the movement of the water-entry revolution body with the dynamic mesh.The effectiveness of the numerical method was verified by comparing the numerical results with the experimental results. Based on the method,the flow field characteristics during the oblique water entry of the revolution body with different velocities and angles is studied. Results show that in the same water depth,the diameters of the water-entry cavity increased slightly as the velocity of water entry increased,and decreased as the angle of water entry increased. The velocity of water entry had a great influence on the pressure distribution in the flow field. The maximum pressure of the flow field increased as the water-entry velocity increased for the same water depth. The angle of water entry had little influence on the maximum pressure of the flow field near the revolution body,but the minimum pressure increased as the water entry angle increased. When the angle of the water entry was larger,the point of the maximum pressure in the generatrix of the cone shifted to the right endpoint gradually,but its value had little difference. The drag coefficient peak value differed slightly with increasing the velocity of water entry,but became larger as the angle of water entry increased. The stable drag coefficient became larger with the increase of water-entry velocity.
引文
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[13]黄志刚,孙铁志,杨碧野,等.平头锥型回转体高速入水结构强度数值分析[J].爆炸与冲击[2018-05-23]. http://kns.cnki. net/kcms/detail/51. 1148. O3. 20180124. 1638. 004. html HUANG Zhigang,SUN Tiezhi, YANG Biye, et al. Numerical analysis of structural strength of high speed water entry for a coneshaped flatted revolutionbody[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves[2018-05-23]. http://kns. cnki. net/kcms/detail/51. 1148.O3. 20180124. 1638. 004. html
[14]宋武超,王聪,魏英杰,等.不同头型回转体低速倾斜入水过程流场特性数值模拟[J].北京理工大学学报,2017,37(7):661. DOI:10. 15918 J. TBIT1001-064 5. 2017. 07. 01SONG Wuchao,WANG Cong,WEI Yingjie,et al. Numerical simulation of the flow field characteristics of low speed oblique water entry of revolution body[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2017,37(7):661. DOI:10. 15918/j. tbit1001-0645. 2017. 07. 001
[15]HIRT C W,NICHOLS B D. Volume of fluid(VOF)method for the dynamics of free boundaries[J]. Journal of Computational Physics,1981,39(1):201. DOI:10. 1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5
[16]宋武超.小型回转体低速倾斜入水过程流场特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015SONG Wuchao. Study on flow field characteristics of small-scale revolution body during water entry[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015
[17]马庆鹏.高速射弹入水过程多相流程特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014MA Qingpeng. Investigation of multiphase flow characteristics induced by water entry of high-speed projectiles[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014
[2]TABUTEAU H,SIKORSKI D,De VET S J,et al. Impact of spherical projectiles into a viscoplastic fluid[J]. Physical Review E,2011,84(3):031403. DOI:10. 1103/PhysRevE. 84. 031403
[3]LEE M. Water-entry induced cavity pressure[J]. KSME International Journal,2000,14(5):562. DOI:10. 1007/BF03185659
[4]YAN Hongmei,LIU Yuming,KOMINIARCZUK J,et al. Cavity dynamics in water entry at low Froude numbers[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2009,641:441. DOI:10. 1017/S0022112009991558
[5]ARISTOFF J M,BUSH J W M. Water entry of small hydrophobic spheres[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2009,619:45. DOI:10.1017/S0022112008004382
[6]SUN S L,WU G X. Oblique water entry of a cone by a fully threedimensional nonlinear method[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures,2013,42:313. DOI:10. 1016/j. jfluidstructs. 2013. 05. 012
[7]叶取源.锥头物体垂直入水空泡的发展和闭合[J].水动力学研究与进展,1989,4(2):33. DOI:10. 16076/j. cnki. cjhd. 1989.02. 005YE Quyuan. Evolution and closure of cavity after vertieal water entry of cone-head bodies[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics,1989,4(2):33. DOI:10. 16076/j. cnki. cjhd. 1989. 02. 005
[8]温俊生,施红辉,徐胜利,等.头型对回转体垂直入水时空泡面闭合影响的数值模拟[J].浙江理工大学学报(自然科学版),39(5):573. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn1673-3851(n). 2018. 05. 009WEN Junsheng, SHI Honghui, XU Shengli, et al. Numerical simulation of the effects of different heads on surface closure of the water entry supercavity[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences Edition),39(5):573. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn1673-3851(n). 2018. 05. 009
[9]魏卓慧,王树山,马峰.刚性截锥形弹体入水冲击载荷[J].兵工学报,2010,31(Z1):118WEI Zhuohui,WANG Shushan,MA Feng. Diving impact load of rigid truncated conical projectile[J]. ACTA Armamentarii,2010,31(Z1):118
[10]王聪,何春涛,权晓波,等.空气压力对垂直入水空泡影响的数值研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2012,44(5):14WANG Cong, He Chuntao, QUAN Xiaobo, et al. Numerical simulation of the influence of atmospheric pressure on water-cavity formed by cylinder with vertical water-entry[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2012,44(5):14
[11]何春涛,王聪,闵景新,等.回转体匀速垂直入水早期空泡数值模拟研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(4):237HE Chuntao, WANG Cong, MIN Jingxin, et al. Numerical simulation of early air-cavity of cylinder cone with vertical waterentry[J]. Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(4):237
[12]杨衡,张阿漫,龚小超,等.不同头型弹体低速入水空泡试验研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2014,35(9):1060. DOI:10.3969/j. issn. 1006-7043. 2013YANG Heng, ZHANG Aman, GONG Xiaochao, et al.Experimental study of the cavity of low speed water entry of different head shape projectiles[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2014,35(9):1060. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1006-7043. 2013
[13]黄志刚,孙铁志,杨碧野,等.平头锥型回转体高速入水结构强度数值分析[J].爆炸与冲击[2018-05-23]. http://kns.cnki. net/kcms/detail/51. 1148. O3. 20180124. 1638. 004. html HUANG Zhigang,SUN Tiezhi, YANG Biye, et al. Numerical analysis of structural strength of high speed water entry for a coneshaped flatted revolutionbody[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves[2018-05-23]. http://kns. cnki. net/kcms/detail/51. 1148.O3. 20180124. 1638. 004. html
[14]宋武超,王聪,魏英杰,等.不同头型回转体低速倾斜入水过程流场特性数值模拟[J].北京理工大学学报,2017,37(7):661. DOI:10. 15918 J. TBIT1001-064 5. 2017. 07. 01SONG Wuchao,WANG Cong,WEI Yingjie,et al. Numerical simulation of the flow field characteristics of low speed oblique water entry of revolution body[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2017,37(7):661. DOI:10. 15918/j. tbit1001-0645. 2017. 07. 001
[15]HIRT C W,NICHOLS B D. Volume of fluid(VOF)method for the dynamics of free boundaries[J]. Journal of Computational Physics,1981,39(1):201. DOI:10. 1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5
[16]宋武超.小型回转体低速倾斜入水过程流场特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015SONG Wuchao. Study on flow field characteristics of small-scale revolution body during water entry[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015
[17]马庆鹏.高速射弹入水过程多相流程特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014MA Qingpeng. Investigation of multiphase flow characteristics induced by water entry of high-speed projectiles[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014