NaCl胁迫对红砂萌发的影响及萌发期耐盐性评价
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摘要
探究盐胁迫对红砂种子萌发及萌发后生长和生理生化指标的影响,为解析红砂萌发期耐盐机制及后续研究提供数据支撑。以盐生植物红砂种子为试验材料,NaCl溶液模拟盐胁迫,研究不同浓度NaCl(0、50、100、150、200、300和400 mmol/L)处理下,红砂种子萌发及萌发后根长、株高、生理生化指标的变化趋势。结果显示:(1)与对照相比,50 mmol/L处理的红砂萌发率升高,植株根长、株高显著增加;随着处理浓度的升高,红砂的萌发时间推迟,萌发率减少,盐害率增加,根长、株高下降显著。当盐浓度增加到400 mmol/L时,红砂不能萌发,但仍保持萌发活力,400 mmol/L胁迫35 d的未萌发种子经复萌处理后,相对萌发率为105.43%。(2)随着NaCl浓度的增加,红砂中的丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量显著增加,过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性呈现不同程度的增加。(3)分别以相对萌发率、植株全长下降到对照的50%为标准,确定红砂的萌发耐盐阈值为273 mmol/L,最适盐浓度为45.78 mmol/L;萌发后生长耐盐阈值为388.19 mmol/L,生长最适盐浓度为50.59 mmol/L。红砂可在胁迫环境下长期保持萌发活力,待萌发条件适宜时,可快速集中大量萌发;红砂生长阈值浓度大于萌发阈值浓度,说明萌发期是其在盐胁迫下完成生活史的关键时期;随着盐浓度的增加,红砂的生长受到不同程度的抑制,植株在一定胁迫程度内可通过提高POD、SOD活性清除MDA,增加Pro含量从而减少胁迫危害,以维持正常的生理代谢。
This work is aimed to explore the effects of salt stress on seed germination,growth and physiological and biochemicalindexes of Reaumuria soongorica,and to provide data support for the analysis of salt tolerance mechanism and further relevant research. Theseeds of halophytes R. soongorica were used as experimental materials and NaCl solution was for simulating salt stress,the germination of R. soongorica seeds,changing trend of root length,seedling height and physiological and biochemical indexes after germination were investigatedunder the treatment of different concentrations of NaCl(0,50,100,150,200,300 and 400 mmol/L).The results showed that :(1)Compared with the control,the germination rate of R. soongorica treated with 50 mmol/L increased,the root length and plant height increasedsignificantly. With the increase of concentration,the germination time of R. soongorica delayed,the germination rate decreased,the saltdamage rate increased,and the root length and plant height decreased significantly. When the salt concentration increased to 400 mmol/L,the R. soongorica did not germinate,but still remained the germination vigor. The relative germination rate of seeds after 35 d of 400 mmol/Lstress was 105.43% by re-geminating treatment.(2)With the increase of NaCl concentration,the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)andproline(Pro)in R. soongorica increased significantly,and the activities of peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)increasedin varying degrees.(3)Using the relative germination rate and the plant length decreased to 50% of those in the control as a standard,thegermination salt tolerance threshold was 273 mmol/L and the optimal salt concentration was 45.78 mmol/L,and the growth salt tolerancethreshold was 388.19 mmol/L and optimal one was 50.59 mmol/L respectively. R. soongorica remained germination vigor for a long time underthe stress environment,and concentrated a large number of germination quickly when the germination conditions were suitable. The growththreshold concentration of R. soongorica was higher than the germination threshold concentration,indicating that the germination period was thekey period for it to complete its life cycle under salt stress. With the increase of salt concentration,the growth of R. soongorica was inhibited tovarying degrees,the plants scavenged MDA by increasing POD and SOD activities and thus increased Pro content in a certain degree of stressto maintain the normal physiological metabolism.
This work is aimed to explore the effects of salt stress on seed germination,growth and physiological and biochemicalindexes of Reaumuria soongorica,and to provide data support for the analysis of salt tolerance mechanism and further relevant research. Theseeds of halophytes R. soongorica were used as experimental materials and NaCl solution was for simulating salt stress,the germination of R. soongorica seeds,changing trend of root length,seedling height and physiological and biochemical indexes after germination were investigatedunder the treatment of different concentrations of NaCl(0,50,100,150,200,300 and 400 mmol/L).The results showed that :(1)Compared with the control,the germination rate of R. soongorica treated with 50 mmol/L increased,the root length and plant height increasedsignificantly. With the increase of concentration,the germination time of R. soongorica delayed,the germination rate decreased,the saltdamage rate increased,and the root length and plant height decreased significantly. When the salt concentration increased to 400 mmol/L,the R. soongorica did not germinate,but still remained the germination vigor. The relative germination rate of seeds after 35 d of 400 mmol/Lstress was 105.43% by re-geminating treatment.(2)With the increase of NaCl concentration,the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)andproline(Pro)in R. soongorica increased significantly,and the activities of peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)increasedin varying degrees.(3)Using the relative germination rate and the plant length decreased to 50% of those in the control as a standard,thegermination salt tolerance threshold was 273 mmol/L and the optimal salt concentration was 45.78 mmol/L,and the growth salt tolerancethreshold was 388.19 mmol/L and optimal one was 50.59 mmol/L respectively. R. soongorica remained germination vigor for a long time underthe stress environment,and concentrated a large number of germination quickly when the germination conditions were suitable. The growththreshold concentration of R. soongorica was higher than the germination threshold concentration,indicating that the germination period was thekey period for it to complete its life cycle under salt stress. With the increase of salt concentration,the growth of R. soongorica was inhibited tovarying degrees,the plants scavenged MDA by increasing POD and SOD activities and thus increased Pro content in a certain degree of stressto maintain the normal physiological metabolism.
引文
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[11]姬江莉,种培芳,李毅,等.红砂对CO2浓度升高及降水变化的生理生长响应[J].西北植物学报, 2017, 37(5):923-932.
[12]薛焱,王迎春.光照、温度和盐分对长叶红砂种子萌发的影响[J].植物生理学报, 2007, 43(4):708-710.
[13]曾彦军,王彦荣,张宝林,等.红砂和猫头刺种子萌发生态适应性的研究[J].草业学报, 2000, 9(3):36-42.
[14]张勇,薛林贵,高天鹏,等.荒漠植物种子萌发研究进展[J].中国沙漠, 2005, 25(1):106-112.
[15]朱恭,李正平,王万鹏,等.红砂属植物研究进展[J].甘肃林业科技, 2004, 29(3):1-6.
[16]牛宋芳,王利娟,刘秉儒.赤霉素对盐胁迫下红砂种子萌发的影响[J].草业学报, 2017, 26(6):89-97.
[17]陈金元,陈学林,满吉琳,等.混合盐碱胁迫对红砂种子萌发的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版, 2016, 44(5):113-119.
[18]高茜,李毅,苏世平,等.盐胁迫对红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)种子吸胀过程中生理特性的影响[J].中国沙漠,2014, 34(1):83-87.
[19]周航宇,包爱科,杜宝强,等.荒漠植物红砂响应高浓度NaCl的生理机制[J].草业科学, 2012, 29(1):71-75.
[20]Du C, Zhao PP, Zhang HR, et al, The Reaumuria trigynatranscription factor RtWRKY1 confers tolerance to salt stress intransgenic Arabidopsis[J]. J Plant Physiol, 2017, 215:48-58.
[21]刘丹,刘玉冰,张雯莉.红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)响应干旱和UV-B辐射双重胁迫的基因转录表达[J].中国沙漠,2017, 37(4):705-713.
[22]王学奎,黄见良.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2015.
[23]Tian G, Li H, Qiu W. Advances on research of plant peroxidases[J]. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 2001, 19(4):332-344.
[24]Wei X, Yin Y, Lu Z, et al. Effects of NaCl stress on growthand physiological indexes of five greening plant seedlings andcomprehensive evaluation of their salt tolerance[J]. Journal ofPlant Resources&Environment, 2011, 20(2):35-42.
[2]王遵亲.中国盐渍土[M].北京:科学出版社, 1993.
[3]Zhu JK. Abiotic stress signaling and response in plants[J]. Cell,2016, 167(2):313-324.
[4]张娟,姜闯道,平吉成.盐胁迫对植物光合作用影响的研究进展[J].农业科学研究, 2008, 29(3):74-80.
[5]韩志平,张海霞,周凤.盐胁迫对植物的影响及植物对盐胁迫的适应性[J].山西大同大学学报:自然科学版, 2015, 31(3):59-62.
[6]赵可夫,李法曾,张福锁.中国盐生植物[M].北京:科学出版社, 2013:611-613.
[7]Bu HY, Chen XL, Wang Y, et al. Germination time, other plant traitsand phylogeny in an alpine meadow on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetplateau[J]. Community Ecology, 2007, 8(2):221-227.
[8]刘会良,宋明方,段士民,等.古尔班通古特沙漠及周缘52种植物种子的萌发特性与生态意义[J].生态学报, 2011, 31(15):4308-4317.
[9]白蕾,单立山,李毅,等.降雨格局变化对红砂幼苗根系生长和生物量分配的影响[J].西北植物学报, 2017, 37(1):163-170.
[10]刘瑞香,马迎梅,刘冰,等.额济纳荒漠红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)根系分布与土壤环境关系的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2018(6):149-154.
[11]姬江莉,种培芳,李毅,等.红砂对CO2浓度升高及降水变化的生理生长响应[J].西北植物学报, 2017, 37(5):923-932.
[12]薛焱,王迎春.光照、温度和盐分对长叶红砂种子萌发的影响[J].植物生理学报, 2007, 43(4):708-710.
[13]曾彦军,王彦荣,张宝林,等.红砂和猫头刺种子萌发生态适应性的研究[J].草业学报, 2000, 9(3):36-42.
[14]张勇,薛林贵,高天鹏,等.荒漠植物种子萌发研究进展[J].中国沙漠, 2005, 25(1):106-112.
[15]朱恭,李正平,王万鹏,等.红砂属植物研究进展[J].甘肃林业科技, 2004, 29(3):1-6.
[16]牛宋芳,王利娟,刘秉儒.赤霉素对盐胁迫下红砂种子萌发的影响[J].草业学报, 2017, 26(6):89-97.
[17]陈金元,陈学林,满吉琳,等.混合盐碱胁迫对红砂种子萌发的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版, 2016, 44(5):113-119.
[18]高茜,李毅,苏世平,等.盐胁迫对红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)种子吸胀过程中生理特性的影响[J].中国沙漠,2014, 34(1):83-87.
[19]周航宇,包爱科,杜宝强,等.荒漠植物红砂响应高浓度NaCl的生理机制[J].草业科学, 2012, 29(1):71-75.
[20]Du C, Zhao PP, Zhang HR, et al, The Reaumuria trigynatranscription factor RtWRKY1 confers tolerance to salt stress intransgenic Arabidopsis[J]. J Plant Physiol, 2017, 215:48-58.
[21]刘丹,刘玉冰,张雯莉.红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)响应干旱和UV-B辐射双重胁迫的基因转录表达[J].中国沙漠,2017, 37(4):705-713.
[22]王学奎,黄见良.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2015.
[23]Tian G, Li H, Qiu W. Advances on research of plant peroxidases[J]. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 2001, 19(4):332-344.
[24]Wei X, Yin Y, Lu Z, et al. Effects of NaCl stress on growthand physiological indexes of five greening plant seedlings andcomprehensive evaluation of their salt tolerance[J]. Journal ofPlant Resources&Environment, 2011, 20(2):35-42.