深井煤岩动力灾害的连续卸压开采防治机理
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摘要
深井煤岩动力灾害的防治理论与技术一直是煤矿安全开采领域的重要研究方向之一,但一直没有取得重大突破。基于目前我国煤矿深部开采面临的煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压、巷道围岩大变形、承压水开采等重大灾害现状,聚焦煤与瓦斯突出以及冲击地压,借鉴煤与瓦斯共采的卸压开采机理,提出了卸压开采防治煤与瓦斯突出以及冲击地压的机制。展望了深部动力灾害控制的研究方向,认为现场试验、物理模拟、数值模拟和虚拟现实相结合的系统研究是研究深部动力灾害控制的有效手段和途径。
The prevention theory and technology of coal and rock dynamic disasters in deep coalmines have been one of the most significant research directions in the coalmining safety area. Unfortunately, in this direction, there has been no major breakthrough. Currently, following major disasters always occur in the deep coal mining, including coal and gas outburst, rock burst, large rheological of roadway surrounding rock, mining on confined water. In this study, the mechanism of depressurized mining for preventing coal and gas outburst and rock burst was proposed, based on the coal and gas outburst and rock burst knowledge and experiences of the depressurized co-mining of coal and gas. Finally, we predict the research direction of deep dynamic disaster control methods. It is believed that the systematic research method, which combines the field test, physical simulation, numerical simulation with virtual reality, could be very effective in improving the deep dynamic disaster control measures.
The prevention theory and technology of coal and rock dynamic disasters in deep coalmines have been one of the most significant research directions in the coalmining safety area. Unfortunately, in this direction, there has been no major breakthrough. Currently, following major disasters always occur in the deep coal mining, including coal and gas outburst, rock burst, large rheological of roadway surrounding rock, mining on confined water. In this study, the mechanism of depressurized mining for preventing coal and gas outburst and rock burst was proposed, based on the coal and gas outburst and rock burst knowledge and experiences of the depressurized co-mining of coal and gas. Finally, we predict the research direction of deep dynamic disaster control methods. It is believed that the systematic research method, which combines the field test, physical simulation, numerical simulation with virtual reality, could be very effective in improving the deep dynamic disaster control measures.
引文
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[18]蓝航,齐庆新,潘俊锋,等.我国煤矿冲击地压特点及防治技术分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):11-15.LAN Hang,QI Qingxin,PAN Junfeng,et al.Analysis on features as well as prevention and control technology ofminestratabumpinginChina[J].CoalScienceand Technology,2011,39(1):11-15.
[19]李志华,窦林名,曹安业,等.采动影响下断层滑移诱发煤岩冲击机理[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(增刊1):68-73.LI Zhihua,DOU Linming,CAO Anye,et al.Mechanism of fault slip induced rock burst during mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(Sup 1):68-73.
[2]潘一山.煤与瓦斯突出冲击地压复合动力灾害一体化研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):105-112.PANYishan. Integratedstudyoncompounddynamic disaster of coal-gas outburst and rockburst[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):105-112.
[3]蓝航,潘俊锋,彭永伟.煤岩动力灾害能量机理的数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2010(35):10-14.LAN Hang,PAN Junfeng,PENG Yongwei.Numerical simulation for energy mechanism of underground dynamic disaster[J].JournalofChinaCoalSociety,2010(35):10-14.
[4]袁亮.我国深部煤与瓦斯共采战略思考[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):1-6.YUAN Liang.Strategic thinking of simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas in deep mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):1-6.
[5]孟庆彬,韩立军,张帆舸,等.深部高应力软岩巷道耦合支护效应研究及应用[J].岩土力学,2017,38(5):1424-1435,1444.MENGQingbin,HANLijun,ZHANGFange,etal.Couplingsupporteffectonhigh-stressdeepsoftrock roadway and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(5):1424-1435,1444.
[6]何满潮,郭平业.深部岩体热力学效应及温控对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(12):2377-2392.HEManchao,GUOPingye.Deeprockmassthermodynamiceffectandtemperaturecontrolmeasures[J].ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineering,2013,32(12):2377-2392.
[7]袁亮,刘泽功.淮南矿区开采煤层顶板抽放瓦斯技术的研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(2):149-152.YUAN Liang,LIU Zegong.Study of mining coal seam roof gas drainage technology in Huainan mining area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(2):149-152.
[8]袁亮.复杂特困条件下煤层群瓦斯抽放技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2003,31(11):1-4.YUANLiang.Researchongasdrainagetechnologyfor seam group with complicated and difficult conditions[J].Coal Science and Technology,2003,31(11):1-4.
[9]袁亮.低透高瓦斯煤层群安全开采关键技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1370-1379.YUAN Liang.Key technique of safe mining in low permeabilityandmethane-richseamgroup[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(7):1370-1379.
[10]吴仁伦,王亚飞,徐东亮,等.工作面面宽对煤层群开采瓦斯卸压运移“三带”范围的影响[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(1):192-198.WU Renlun,WANG Yafei,XU Dongliang,et al.Effects ofworkingfacewidthonthescopeofthe“three zones”ofgaspressurereliefandmigrationincoalseam groupmining[J].JournalofMining&SafetyEngineering,2017,34(1):192-198.
[11]袁亮.低透气性煤层群无煤柱煤与瓦斯共采理论与实践[J].中国工程科学,2009,11(5):72-80.YUAN Liang.Theory and practice co-mining of coal and gasinlow-ventilatecoal-seamswithpillar[J].Engineering Sciences,2009,11(5):72-80.
[12]袁亮.复杂地质条件矿区瓦斯综合治理技术体系研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(1):1-3.YUANLiang. Researchoncomprehensiveminegas preventionandcontroltechnologysysteminminecomplicatedgeologicalcondition[J]. CoalScienceand Technology,2006,34(1):1-3.
[13]程远平,俞启香.中国煤矿区域性瓦斯治理技术的发展[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(4):383-390.CHENGYuanping,YUQixiang.Developmentofregional gas control technology for Chinese coal mines[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2007,24(4):383-390.
[14]周世宁,林柏泉.煤层瓦斯赋存及流动规律[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1998:160-180.
[15]YUAN Liang.Technology of simultaneous extraction of coalandgaswithboreholesdrilledinretainedroadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(8):898-902.
[16]章梦涛.冲击地压和突出的统一失稳理论[J].煤炭学报,1991,16(4):25-31.ZHANGMengtao.Aunitedinstabilitytheoryoncoal(rock)burstandoutburst[J].JournalofChinaCoalSociety,1991,16(4):25-31.
[17]齐庆新,雷毅,李宏艳,等.深孔断顶爆破防治冲击地压的理论与实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊1):3522-3527.QIQingxin,LEIYi,LIHongyan,etal.Theoryand application of prevention of rock burst by break-tip blast in deep hole[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Sup 1):3522-3527.
[18]蓝航,齐庆新,潘俊锋,等.我国煤矿冲击地压特点及防治技术分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):11-15.LAN Hang,QI Qingxin,PAN Junfeng,et al.Analysis on features as well as prevention and control technology ofminestratabumpinginChina[J].CoalScienceand Technology,2011,39(1):11-15.
[19]李志华,窦林名,曹安业,等.采动影响下断层滑移诱发煤岩冲击机理[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(增刊1):68-73.LI Zhihua,DOU Linming,CAO Anye,et al.Mechanism of fault slip induced rock burst during mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(Sup 1):68-73.