基于偶极阻塞效应的单光子水平电磁感应透明
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摘要
对量子化的探测场在一维超冷里德伯原子样品中的传播特性进行研究。基于偶极阻塞效应,四能级原子的稳态电磁感应透明(EIT)光谱表现出典型的单光子水平的非线性现象:未饱和之前,探测场透射率和光子关联依赖于探测场强度。调整两个经典控制场的单光子失谐,能够实现对非线性EIT行为的灵活操控。通过改变拉比频率比例,可观察到四能级原子系统到三能级梯形原子系统的非线性EIT转变。
The transmission properties of the quantized probe field traveling in one-dimensional ultra-cold Rydberg atom samples are studied. Based on the dipole blockade effect, the steady-state spectrum of the electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) of a four-level atom exhibits the typical nonlinearity at single-photon level. Namely, the field transmittance and photon correlation depend on the probe field intensity before the saturation. By changing the single-photon detuning of the two classical control fields, we realize the flexible manipulation of the nonlinear EIT behavior. By varying the ratio of the Rabbi frequencies, we can observe the transformation of nonlinear EIT from the four-level atomic system to the three-level trapezoidal atomic system.
The transmission properties of the quantized probe field traveling in one-dimensional ultra-cold Rydberg atom samples are studied. Based on the dipole blockade effect, the steady-state spectrum of the electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) of a four-level atom exhibits the typical nonlinearity at single-photon level. Namely, the field transmittance and photon correlation depend on the probe field intensity before the saturation. By changing the single-photon detuning of the two classical control fields, we realize the flexible manipulation of the nonlinear EIT behavior. By varying the ratio of the Rabbi frequencies, we can observe the transformation of nonlinear EIT from the four-level atomic system to the three-level trapezoidal atomic system.
引文
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[27] Petrosyan D,Otterbach J,Fleischhauer M.Electromagnetically induced transparency with Rydberg atoms [J].Physical Review Letters,2011,107(21):213601.
[28] Zhang Z Y,Zheng H B,Yao X,et al.Phase modulation in Rydberg dressed multi-wave mixing processes[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:10462.
[29] Zhang Z Y,Guo,J,Gu B L,et al.Parametric amplification of Rydberg six- and eight-wave mixing processes[J].Photonics Research,2018,6(7):713.
[30] Liu Y M,Tian X D,Yan D,et al.Nonlinear modifications of photon correlations via controlled single and double Rydberg blockade[J].Physical Review A,2015,91(4):043802.
[2] Harris S E,Field J E,Imamo.Nonlinear optical processes using electromagnetically induced transparency[J].Physical Review Letters,1990,64(10):1107-1110.
[3] Fleischhauer M,Imamoglu A,Marangos J P.Electromagnetically induced transparency:optics in coherent media[J].Reviews of Modern Physics,2005,77(2):633-673.
[4] Kasapi A,Jain M,Yin G Y,et al.Electromagnetically induced transparency:propagation dynamics[J].Physical Review Letters,1995,74(13):2447-2450.
[5] Hau L V,Harris S E,Dutton Z,et al.Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas[J].Nature,1999,397(6720):594-598.
[6] Kash M M,Sautenkov V A,Zibrov A S,et al.Ultraslow group velocity and enhanced nonlinear optical effects in a coherently driven hot atomic gas[J].Physical Review Letters,1999,82(26):5229-5232.
[7] Cui C L,Jia J K,Gao J W,et al.Ultraslow and superluminal light propagation in a four-level atomic system[J].Physical Review A,2007,76(3):033815.
[8] Lukin M D.Colloquium:trapping and manipulating photon states in atomic ensembles[J].Reviews of Modern Physics,2003,75(2):457-472.
[9] Phillips D F,Fleischhauer A,Mair A,et al.Storage of light in atomic vapor[J].Physical Review Letters,2001,86(5):783-786.
[10] He Q Y,Xue Y,Artoni M,et al.Coherently induced stop-bands in resonantly absorbing and inhomogeneously broadened doped crystals[J].Physical Review B,2006,73(19):195124.
[11] Wu J H,La Rocca G C,Artoni M.Controlled light-pulse propagation in driven color centers in diamond[J].Physical Review B,2008,77(11):113106.
[12] Schmidt H,Ram R J.All-optical wavelength converter and switch based on electromagnetically induced transparency[J].Applied Physics Letters,2000,76(22):3173-3175.
[13] Brown A W,Xiao M.All-optical switching and routing based on an electromagnetically induced absorption grating[J].Optics Letters,2005,30(7):699-701.
[14] Saffman M,Walker T G.Creating single-atom and single-photon sources from entangled atomic ensembles[J].Physical Review A,2002,66(6):065403.
[15] Walker T G.Strongly interacting photons[J].Nature,2012,488(7409):39-40.
[16] Peyronel T,Firstenberg O,Liang Q Y,et al.Quantum nonlinear optics with single photons enabled by strongly interacting atoms [J].Nature,2012,488(7409):57-60.
[17] Gorshkov A V,Nath R,Pohl T.Dissipative many-body quantum optics in Rydberg media[J].Physical Review Letters,2013,110(15):153601.
[18] Gorniaczyk H,Tresp C,Schmidt J,et al.Single-photon transistor mediated by interstate Rydberg interactions[J].Physical Review Letters,2014,113(5):053601.
[19] Tiarks D,Baur S,Schneider K,et al.Single-photon transistor using a F?rster resonance[J].Physical Review Letters,2014,113(5):053602.
[20] Chen W,Beck K M,Bucker R,et al.All-optical switch and transistor gated by one stored photon[J].Science,2013,341(6147):768-770.
[21] Friedler I,Petrosyan D,Fleischhauer M,et al.Long-range interactions and entanglement of slow single-photon pulses[J].Physical Review A,2005,72(4):043803.
[22] Saffman M,Walker T G,M?lmer K.Quantum information with Rydberg atoms[J].Reviews of Modern Physics,2010,82(3):2313-2363.
[23] Tong D,Farooqi S M,Stanojevic J,et al.Local blockade of Rydberg excitation in an ultracold gas[J].Physical Review Letters,2004,93(6):063001.
[24] Pritchard J D,Maxwell D,Gauguet A,et al.Cooperative atom-light interaction in a blockaded Rydberg ensemble[J].Physical Review Letters,2010,105(19):193603.
[25] Ates C,Sevin?li S,Pohl T.Electromagnetically induced transparency in strongly interacting Rydberg gases[J].Physical Review A,2011,83(4):041802.
[26] Sevin?li S,Henkel N,Ates C,et al.Nonlocal nonlinear optics in cold Rydberg gases[J].Physical Review Letters,2011,107(15):153001.
[27] Petrosyan D,Otterbach J,Fleischhauer M.Electromagnetically induced transparency with Rydberg atoms [J].Physical Review Letters,2011,107(21):213601.
[28] Zhang Z Y,Zheng H B,Yao X,et al.Phase modulation in Rydberg dressed multi-wave mixing processes[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:10462.
[29] Zhang Z Y,Guo,J,Gu B L,et al.Parametric amplification of Rydberg six- and eight-wave mixing processes[J].Photonics Research,2018,6(7):713.
[30] Liu Y M,Tian X D,Yan D,et al.Nonlinear modifications of photon correlations via controlled single and double Rydberg blockade[J].Physical Review A,2015,91(4):043802.