中国蒙古族13个族群的身体质量
|
摘要
目的研究蒙古族13个族群身体质量,揭示蒙古族身体质量与经度、纬度、年平均温度、年龄的关系。方法采用随机采样的方法,遵循知情同意的原则,对蒙古族13个族群4410人(男1917,女2493)的身体质量及与身体质量有关的体质指标进行了测量。结果蒙古族13个族群男性身体质量均值在(57.3±8.1)～(81.6±12.7)kg,身体质量均值从大到小排列第1～3位依次是额济纳土尔扈特部、新疆察哈尔部、鄂尔多斯部,第11～13位依次是喀左县蒙古族、阜新蒙古族、云南蒙古族。13个族群女性身体质量均值在(51.6±7.6)～(67.7±12.6)kg之间,按照身体质量均值大小排序,第1～3位依次为额济纳土尔扈特部、巴尔虎部、新疆土尔扈特部,第11～13位依次为喀左县蒙古族、郭尔罗斯部、云南蒙古族。13个族群间、年龄组间身体质量差异均具有统计学意义。各个族群女性的脂肪质量均值大于男性;去脂质量均值男性大于女性。蒙古族男性、女性的身体质量、去脂质量均与经度、年平均温度成显著负相关,均与纬度成显著正相关。男性的身体质量与年龄无显著相关,女性则为显著正相关。男性、女性脂肪质量与纬度、年龄成显著正相关,与经度无显著相关,与年平均温度成显著负相关。蒙古族身体质量大于中国其他29个族群(11个北方族群,18个南方族群)。结论蒙古族身体质量值较大。
Objective To study the body mass of 13 tribal Mongolians, and to reveal the relationship between body mass and longitude, latitude, annual mean temperature and age of Mongolian. Methods Using the method of random sampling, following the principle of informed consent, the body mass of 13 ethnic Mongolian groups 4410 people(male 1917, female 2493) and the physical quality related to body mass were measured. Results The average body mass of the 13 ethnic groups in Mongolia was(57.3±8.1)kg to(81.6±12.7)kg. The 1 st to 3 rd places of the average body mass ranked from the largest to the smallest were the Ejina Torgouts, the Chahar of Xinjiang, and the Ordos, the 11 th to 13 th places were the Kazuo Mongolian, the Fuxin Mongolian, and the Yunnan Mongolian. The average body mass of women in 13 ethnic groups was between(51.6±7.6)kg to(67.7±12.6)kg. According to the average size of the body mass, the first to third places were Ejina Torgouts, Barag, and Xinjiang Torgouts, the 11 th to 13 th places were the Kazuo Mongolian, the Goerros, and the Yunnan Mongolian. Differences among 13 ethnic groups, age groups, and body mass were statistically significant. The fat mass values of women of all ethnic groups were greater than those of men. The fat free mass values were greater for male than female. The body mass and fat free mass of Mongolian males and females were negatively correlated with longitude and annual mean temperature, both of which were significantly positively correlated with latitude. There was no significant correlation between male body mass and age, while females were significantly positively correlated. Fat mass of males and females was positively correlated with latitude and age, but not with longitude, and negatively correlated with annual mean temperature. Mongolian body mass was greater than the other 29 ethnic groups in China. Conclusion Mongolians have higher body mass values.
Objective To study the body mass of 13 tribal Mongolians, and to reveal the relationship between body mass and longitude, latitude, annual mean temperature and age of Mongolian. Methods Using the method of random sampling, following the principle of informed consent, the body mass of 13 ethnic Mongolian groups 4410 people(male 1917, female 2493) and the physical quality related to body mass were measured. Results The average body mass of the 13 ethnic groups in Mongolia was(57.3±8.1)kg to(81.6±12.7)kg. The 1 st to 3 rd places of the average body mass ranked from the largest to the smallest were the Ejina Torgouts, the Chahar of Xinjiang, and the Ordos, the 11 th to 13 th places were the Kazuo Mongolian, the Fuxin Mongolian, and the Yunnan Mongolian. The average body mass of women in 13 ethnic groups was between(51.6±7.6)kg to(67.7±12.6)kg. According to the average size of the body mass, the first to third places were Ejina Torgouts, Barag, and Xinjiang Torgouts, the 11 th to 13 th places were the Kazuo Mongolian, the Goerros, and the Yunnan Mongolian. Differences among 13 ethnic groups, age groups, and body mass were statistically significant. The fat mass values of women of all ethnic groups were greater than those of men. The fat free mass values were greater for male than female. The body mass and fat free mass of Mongolian males and females were negatively correlated with longitude and annual mean temperature, both of which were significantly positively correlated with latitude. There was no significant correlation between male body mass and age, while females were significantly positively correlated. Fat mass of males and females was positively correlated with latitude and age, but not with longitude, and negatively correlated with annual mean temperature. Mongolian body mass was greater than the other 29 ethnic groups in China. Conclusion Mongolians have higher body mass values.
引文
[1] Li YL,Zheng LB.Physical characteristics of the Buriats in China [J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2012,31(4):357-370.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌.中国布里亚特人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2012,31(4):357-370.
[2] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Ding B,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Yunnan Mongol people[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2011,30(1):74-85.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,丁博,等.云南蒙古族体质特征[J].人类学学报,2011,30(1):74-85.
[3] Li YL,Zheng LB.A study on the physical characteristics of Barags in China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2016,35(3):431-444.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌.中国巴尔虎人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2016,35(3):431-444.
[4] Xi HJ,Chen Zh.Anthropometric Methods [M].Beijing:Science Press,2010:19.(in Chinese)席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:19.
[5] Zheng LB,Li YL,Huan XJ.Study on the physical anthropology of Chinese Han nationality[M].Beijing:Science Press,2017:80-92.(in Chinese)郑连斌,李咏兰,席焕久.中国汉族体质人类学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:80-92.
[6] Durnin JV,Womersley J.Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness:measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 Years[J].Br J Nutr,1974,32(1):77-97.
[7] Yao M,Roberts SB,Ma G,et al.Field methods for body composition assessment are valid in healthy chinese adults[J].J Nutr,2002,132(2):310-317.
[8] Wells JCK.Sexual dimorphism in body composition across human populations:associations with climate and proxies for short- and long-term energy supply[J].Am J Hum Biol,2012,24(4):411-419.
[9] Gustafsson A,Lindenfors P.Latitudinal patterns in human stature and sexual stature dimorphism[J].Ann Hum Biol,2009,36(1):74-87.
[10] Wells JC.Sexual dimorphism of body composition[J].Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab,2007,21(3):415-430.
[11] Wells JC.The Evolutionary Biology of Human Body Fatness:Thrift and Control[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2010:130-142.
[12] Hughes SM,Gallup GG.Sex differences in morphological predictors of sexual behavior:shoulder to hip and waist to hip ratios[J].Evol Hum Behav,2003,24(3):173-178.
[13] Wells JC.Ecogeographical associations between climate and human body composition:analyses based on anthropometry and skinfolds[J].Am J Phys Anthropol,2012,147(2):169-186.
[14] Schutz Y,Kyle UU,Pichard C.Fat-free mass index and fat mass index percentiles in Caucasians aged 18-98 Y[J].Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord,2002,26(7):953-960.
[15] Bergmann C.über die Verh?ltnisse der w?rme?konomie der Thierezuihrer Gr?sse[J].G?ttinger Studien,1847,3:595-708.
[16] Zheng LB,Cui J,Lu ShH,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Uzbek nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2004,23(1):35-45.(in Chinese)郑连斌,崔静,陆舜华,等.乌孜别克族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2004,23(1):35-45.
[17] Lu ShH,Zheng LB,Suo LY,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of Russ nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2005,24(4):291-300.(in Chinese)陆舜华,郑连斌,索利娅,等.俄罗斯族体质特征分析[J].人类学学报,2005,24(4):291-300.
[18] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Yu HX,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Wa nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2007,26(3):249-258.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,于会新,等.佤族的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2007,26(3):249-258.
[19] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Ding B,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Mulam nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2006,25(3):242-250.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,丁博,等.仫佬族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2006,25(3):242-250.
[20] Zheng LB,Zhang ShL,Lu ShH,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Bouyei nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2005,24(2):137-144.(in Chinese)郑连斌,张淑丽,陆舜华,等,布依族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2005,24(2):137-144.
[21] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Chen YY,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Khmu[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2007,26(1):45-53.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,陈媛媛,等.中国克木人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2007,26(1):45-53.
[22] Li M,Yu FCh,Li YM,et al.Physical Characteristics of 14 minorities in Yunnan [C].Abstracts from 2002 Annual Meeting of Chinese Society of Anatomy,2002:596-598.(in Chinese)李明,余发昌,李跃敏.云南14个少数民族的体质特征[C].中国解剖学会2002年年会文摘,2002:596-598.
[23] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Xu BS,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Derung and Mang peopels in China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2008,27(4):350-358.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,许渤松,等.中国独龙族与莽人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2008,27(4):350-358.
[24] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Luo DM,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Nu nationality in Yunnan[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2008,27(2):158-166.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,罗东梅,等.怒族的体质调查[J].人类学学报,2008,27(2):158-166.
[25] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Yu HX,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Deng in China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2009,28(2):162-171.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,于会新,等.中国僜人体质特征[J].人类学学报,2009,28(2):162-171.
[2] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Ding B,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Yunnan Mongol people[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2011,30(1):74-85.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,丁博,等.云南蒙古族体质特征[J].人类学学报,2011,30(1):74-85.
[3] Li YL,Zheng LB.A study on the physical characteristics of Barags in China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2016,35(3):431-444.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌.中国巴尔虎人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2016,35(3):431-444.
[4] Xi HJ,Chen Zh.Anthropometric Methods [M].Beijing:Science Press,2010:19.(in Chinese)席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:19.
[5] Zheng LB,Li YL,Huan XJ.Study on the physical anthropology of Chinese Han nationality[M].Beijing:Science Press,2017:80-92.(in Chinese)郑连斌,李咏兰,席焕久.中国汉族体质人类学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:80-92.
[6] Durnin JV,Womersley J.Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness:measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 Years[J].Br J Nutr,1974,32(1):77-97.
[7] Yao M,Roberts SB,Ma G,et al.Field methods for body composition assessment are valid in healthy chinese adults[J].J Nutr,2002,132(2):310-317.
[8] Wells JCK.Sexual dimorphism in body composition across human populations:associations with climate and proxies for short- and long-term energy supply[J].Am J Hum Biol,2012,24(4):411-419.
[9] Gustafsson A,Lindenfors P.Latitudinal patterns in human stature and sexual stature dimorphism[J].Ann Hum Biol,2009,36(1):74-87.
[10] Wells JC.Sexual dimorphism of body composition[J].Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab,2007,21(3):415-430.
[11] Wells JC.The Evolutionary Biology of Human Body Fatness:Thrift and Control[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2010:130-142.
[12] Hughes SM,Gallup GG.Sex differences in morphological predictors of sexual behavior:shoulder to hip and waist to hip ratios[J].Evol Hum Behav,2003,24(3):173-178.
[13] Wells JC.Ecogeographical associations between climate and human body composition:analyses based on anthropometry and skinfolds[J].Am J Phys Anthropol,2012,147(2):169-186.
[14] Schutz Y,Kyle UU,Pichard C.Fat-free mass index and fat mass index percentiles in Caucasians aged 18-98 Y[J].Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord,2002,26(7):953-960.
[15] Bergmann C.über die Verh?ltnisse der w?rme?konomie der Thierezuihrer Gr?sse[J].G?ttinger Studien,1847,3:595-708.
[16] Zheng LB,Cui J,Lu ShH,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Uzbek nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2004,23(1):35-45.(in Chinese)郑连斌,崔静,陆舜华,等.乌孜别克族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2004,23(1):35-45.
[17] Lu ShH,Zheng LB,Suo LY,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of Russ nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2005,24(4):291-300.(in Chinese)陆舜华,郑连斌,索利娅,等.俄罗斯族体质特征分析[J].人类学学报,2005,24(4):291-300.
[18] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Yu HX,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Wa nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2007,26(3):249-258.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,于会新,等.佤族的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2007,26(3):249-258.
[19] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Ding B,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Mulam nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2006,25(3):242-250.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,丁博,等.仫佬族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2006,25(3):242-250.
[20] Zheng LB,Zhang ShL,Lu ShH,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Bouyei nationality[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2005,24(2):137-144.(in Chinese)郑连斌,张淑丽,陆舜华,等,布依族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2005,24(2):137-144.
[21] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Chen YY,et al.A study on the physical characteristics of Khmu[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2007,26(1):45-53.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,陈媛媛,等.中国克木人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2007,26(1):45-53.
[22] Li M,Yu FCh,Li YM,et al.Physical Characteristics of 14 minorities in Yunnan [C].Abstracts from 2002 Annual Meeting of Chinese Society of Anatomy,2002:596-598.(in Chinese)李明,余发昌,李跃敏.云南14个少数民族的体质特征[C].中国解剖学会2002年年会文摘,2002:596-598.
[23] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Xu BS,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Derung and Mang peopels in China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2008,27(4):350-358.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,许渤松,等.中国独龙族与莽人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2008,27(4):350-358.
[24] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Luo DM,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Nu nationality in Yunnan[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2008,27(2):158-166.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,罗东梅,等.怒族的体质调查[J].人类学学报,2008,27(2):158-166.
[25] Zheng LB,Lu ShH,Yu HX,et al.A study of the physical characteristics of the Deng in China[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2009,28(2):162-171.(in Chinese)郑连斌,陆舜华,于会新,等.中国僜人体质特征[J].人类学学报,2009,28(2):162-171.