炼制海洋高酸原油常压炉管泄漏原因分析及应对措施
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摘要
某公司常压蒸馏装置加工海洋高酸原油,其常压炉管出现腐蚀泄漏问题。检查炉管泄漏部位腐蚀形貌并对腐蚀原因进行了分析,结果表明:原油酸值高、腐蚀部位存在相变、加热炉超负荷、炉管材质不符合选材导则要求及原油中携带采油助剂等是炉管腐蚀泄漏的主要原因。采取炉管材质升级、按照规范焊接炉管、加强原油静置脱水、电脱盐罐定期清理、优化操作条件和稳定运行负荷等措施,抑制了炉管腐蚀。
Corrosion leakage occurred in furnace tube of atmospheric distillation unit which processes marine high acid crude oil. Corrosion morphology of the leakage location was examined and analyzed, and the results showed that main causes were high acid value of crude oil, phase transformation in corrosion location, overload of heating furnace, unqualified tube material and oil additives carried in crude oil. Precautions were taken to restrain corrosion, such as upgrading tube material, welding tube according to specifications, strengthening static dehydration of crude oil, regular cleaning of electric desalting tank, optimizing operation conditions and stabilizing operation load. Since then, no leakage accident has happened again.
Corrosion leakage occurred in furnace tube of atmospheric distillation unit which processes marine high acid crude oil. Corrosion morphology of the leakage location was examined and analyzed, and the results showed that main causes were high acid value of crude oil, phase transformation in corrosion location, overload of heating furnace, unqualified tube material and oil additives carried in crude oil. Precautions were taken to restrain corrosion, such as upgrading tube material, welding tube according to specifications, strengthening static dehydration of crude oil, regular cleaning of electric desalting tank, optimizing operation conditions and stabilizing operation load. Since then, no leakage accident has happened again.
引文
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[2] 李志敏.常减压蒸馏装置火灾事故辨识及预防措施[J].石油化工安全环保技术,2011,27(1):75.
[3] 赵敏,康强利,赵恒庆,等.石化行业腐蚀监测数据的管理及展望[J].全面腐蚀控制,2007(1):36.
[4] 张伟.炼油系统环烷酸腐蚀的机理、因素及其控制方法[J].材料保护,2010,43(2):41-43.
[5] 吴优,叶仲斌,张智,等.疏水缔合聚合物(AP-P4)交联体系研究[J].河南石油,2015,19(4):36-37.
[6] 周守为,韩明,张健,等.用于海上油田化学驱的聚合物研究[J].中国海上油气,2007,19(1):25-29.
[7] 葛玉龙,潘岩,晋西润,等.缔合聚合物对常减压蒸馏装置的影响及对策[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2015,32(4):22-24.
[8] 葛玉龙,王晓峰,左甜,等.加工高酸原油电脱盐排水换热器泄漏原因分析[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2017,34(6):54-56.
[9] 吴嫡,潘岩,葛玉龙,等.超声波降解含聚原油中AP-P4的研究[J].齐鲁石油化工,2017,45(3):187-190.
[10] 中华人民共和国工业和信息化部.高酸原油加工装置设备和管道设计选材导则:SH/T 3129—2012[S].北京:中国石化出版社,2012.