苎麻纤维布和玻璃纤维布混杂铺层复合材料的力学性能
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摘要
利用真空吸注成型(vacuum resin absorbable molding,VRAM)工艺制备苎麻纤维布与玻璃纤维布混杂铺层的环氧树脂基复合材料。测定复合材料的损耗因子、储能模量的温度谱和力学性能;利用单悬臂梁共振实验测量复合材料的共振频率和自由振动衰减曲线并计算出了阻尼因子。用有限元软件对其共振频率和自由振动衰减实验进行仿真分析。结果表明:通过苎麻纤维布/玻璃纤维布的混杂铺层,能够实现材料阻尼性能和力学性能的可控调节,充分发挥复合材料可设计性强的优势。其中RGR铺层的复合材料的损耗因子比纯玻璃纤维板提高了1.4倍,而拉伸强度比纯苎麻纤维板提高了3倍多;自由振动的有限元模拟曲线和实验曲线基本吻合,表明可以通过模拟软件实现复合材料的虚拟振动测试,从而为材料性能预测和设计提供方便。
VRAM(vacuum resin absorbable molding) process was used to prepare the epoxy resin matrix hybrid composites with ramie fiber cloth and glass fiber cloth.The storage modulus,the loss factor and the mechanical property of the composites were tested.Vibration characteristics were estimated through the resonance frequencies and free vibration decaying curve via the single cantilever beam vibration test.Meanwhile,the damping factors were obtained by calculation.Finally,the finite element simulation software was used to do some simulation analysis on the resonance frequencies and free vibration decaying experiments.The results show that the contradiction between the damping properties and the mechanical properties can be balanced by the hybrid plies of the ramie fiber cloth and the glass fiber cloth.Therefore it can realize the controllable regulation of the damping properties and the mechanical properties and give full play to the remarkable designing advantages of composites.Among them,loss factor and tensile strength of the composites with RGR lay-up are 1.4 times more than the pure glass fiber cloth composite,and 3 times more than the pure ramie fiber cloth composite,respectively.The finite element simulation curves of free vibration are basically consistent with the experiment results.It shows that virtual vibration test of laminated composite can be realized by simulation software,so as to provide convenience for material performance prediction and design.
VRAM(vacuum resin absorbable molding) process was used to prepare the epoxy resin matrix hybrid composites with ramie fiber cloth and glass fiber cloth.The storage modulus,the loss factor and the mechanical property of the composites were tested.Vibration characteristics were estimated through the resonance frequencies and free vibration decaying curve via the single cantilever beam vibration test.Meanwhile,the damping factors were obtained by calculation.Finally,the finite element simulation software was used to do some simulation analysis on the resonance frequencies and free vibration decaying experiments.The results show that the contradiction between the damping properties and the mechanical properties can be balanced by the hybrid plies of the ramie fiber cloth and the glass fiber cloth.Therefore it can realize the controllable regulation of the damping properties and the mechanical properties and give full play to the remarkable designing advantages of composites.Among them,loss factor and tensile strength of the composites with RGR lay-up are 1.4 times more than the pure glass fiber cloth composite,and 3 times more than the pure ramie fiber cloth composite,respectively.The finite element simulation curves of free vibration are basically consistent with the experiment results.It shows that virtual vibration test of laminated composite can be realized by simulation software,so as to provide convenience for material performance prediction and design.
引文
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[18] LIAO F S,SU A C,HSU T C.Vibration damping of interleaved carbon fiber epoxy composite beams[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1994,28(18):1840-1854.
[2] 鲁博,张林文,曾竟成.天然纤维复合材料[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:10-30. LU B,ZHANG L X,ZENG J C.Natural fibers composites[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005:10-30.
[3] ZHANG K,BRENDLER E,GEISSLER A,et al.Synthesis and spectroscopic analysis of cellulose sulfates with regulable total degrees of substitution and sulfation patterns via 13CNMR and FT Raman spectroscopy[J].Polymer,2011,52:26-32.
[4] 陈旭,尹鹏,咸贵军,等.苎麻纤维增强酚醛树脂基复合材料的湿热性能研究[J].航空材料学报,2013,33(2):58-65. CHEN Y,YIN P,XIAN G J,et al.Hydrothermal Properties of ramie fiber/phenolic resin composite under different hydrothermal conditions[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2013,33(2):58-65.
[5] 刘燕峰,包建文,李艳亮,等.固化温度对苎麻纤维增强复合材料性能的影响[J].航空材料学报,2012,32(2):49-53. LIU Y F,BAO J W,LI Y L,et al.Effect of cure temperature on mechanical properties of composite reinforced by ramie fiber [J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2012,32(2):49-53.
[6] 刘丽妍,王瑞.麻纤维复合材料及其应用[J].产业用纺织品,2004,22(2):37-40. LIU L Y,WANG R.Linen fibers reinforced composites and their applications [J].Technical Textiles,2004,22(2):37-40.
[7] 田永,何莉萍,王路琳,等.汽车制造用苎麻纤维增强聚丙烯的力学性能的研究[J].材料工程,2008(1):21-33. TIAN Y,HE L P,WANG L L,et al.Study of mechanical properties of ramie fiber reinforced polypropylene compounds for automobile industry[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2008(1):21-33.
[8] MOHAN T,MISR A M,RZALL T D. Surface modifications of natural fibers and performance of the resulting biocomposites:an overview[J].Composite Interfaces,2001,8(5):313-343.
[9] JUNIOR C Z,CARVALHO L H,FONSECA V M,et al.Analysis of the tensile strength of polyester/hybrid ramie cotton fabric composites[J].Polymer Testing,2004,23(2):131-135.
[10] 胡新煜,王琼,秦辉,等.苎麻增强不饱和聚酯复合材料的力学性能[J].西安工程大学学报,2011,25(5):608-612. HU X Y,WANG Q,QIN H,et al.Mechanical properties of ramie reinforced unsaturated polyester composite materials[J].Journal of Xi’ an Polytechnic University,2011,25(5):608-612.
[11] 倪楠楠,温月芳,贺德龙,等.结构-阻尼复合材料研究进展[J].材料工程,2015,43(6):90-101. NI N N,WEN Y F,HE D L,et al.Progress on the research of the structure-damping composites[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2015,43(6):90-101.
[12] 李世红,周本濂,陈欣.超混杂苎麻纤维增强铝复合材料[J].材料科学进展,1993,7(3):258-262. LI S H,ZHOU B L,CHEN X.Super-hybrid ramie fiber/Al composite material[J].Material Science Process,1993,7(3):258-262.
[13] 金明江,赵玉涛,戴起勋,等.泡沫铝/PC树脂/铝合金铺层复合材料的制备与性能研究[J].材料科学与工程学报,2005,23(4):585-589. JIN M J,ZHAO Y T,DAI Q X,et al.Study on fabrication and properties of Al foams/PC resin/Al alloy laminated composites[J].Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2005,23(4):585-589.
[14] 杨霜,孙康,吴人洁.混杂纤维复合材料阻尼性能的研究[J].纤维复合材料,2002,19(1):6-10. YANG S,SUN K,WU R J.Research on damping properties of hybrid fiber composites[J].Fiber Composites,2002,19(1):6-10.
[15] 潘利剑,张博明,戴福洪.黏弹阻尼层共固化复合材料不同温度下的阻尼性能[J].复合材料学报,2008,25(1):168-172. PAN L J,ZHANG B M,DAI F H.Damping properties of co-cured composites with interleaved viscoelastic damping layers at different temperatures[J].Acta Materiae Composite Sinica,2008,25(1):168-172.
[16] 胡石,王春红,王洪龙,等.苎麻织物与玻璃织物的力学性能研究[J].中国纤检,2011(8):80-83. HU S,WANG C H,WANG H L,et al.Study on mechanical property of ramie and glass fabric[J].China Fiber Inspection,2011(8):80-83.
[17] LAKES R S.High damping composite materials:effect of structural hierarchy [J].Journal of Composite Materials,2002,36(3):287-296.
[18] LIAO F S,SU A C,HSU T C.Vibration damping of interleaved carbon fiber epoxy composite beams[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1994,28(18):1840-1854.