近断层脉冲地震作用下曲线梁桥振动台试验研究
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摘要
为了研究近断层脉冲地震作用下曲线桥结构响应特点,设计了相似比为1∶10的曲线桥试验模型.选取近断层向前方向性效应、滑冲效应和无速度脉冲地震动,进行水平地震激励的振动台试验.结果表明,近断层脉冲地震作用下曲线桥的结构响应明显高于无速度脉冲地震.向前方向性效应地震作用下跨中径向位移和桥墩相对位移响应显著.近断层地震作用下跨中切向位移、梁端位移、支座位移响应与曲线桥和断层的相对位置有关.主梁位移响应具有空间特性,主梁在水平运动的同时兼有转动,近断层脉冲地震双向激励时易激发主梁的转动效应.主梁转动效应使低墩处梁端位移和支座位移更加显著,容易引起落梁和支座脱落.在抗震设计分析中,应考虑近断层脉冲地震作用以及曲线桥与断层相对位置关系对结构响应的影响.
To study the structure response of curved bridges under the action of near-fault pulse ground motion,a test model for a curved bridge with the similar ratio of 1∶ 10 was designed. The shaking table tests of horizontal seismic excitation with the forward-directivity effect, the fling-step effect and the non-speed pulse records were carried out,respectively. The results show that the structural response of the curved bridge under the near-fault pulse effect ground motion is significantly higher than that with non-speed pulse ground motion. The radial displacement of the mid-span and the relative displacement of the piers under the forward-directivity effect ground motion are obvious.The tangential displacement of the mid-span,the displacement of the beam end,and the displacement of the bearings under the near-fault ground motion are related to the relative position between the curved bridge and the fault. The displacement response of the main girder has spatial characteristics,and the main girder rotates while moving horizontally. The rotation effect of the main girder is excited easily by the bidirectional excitation of the near-fault pulse ground motion. The rotation effect of the main girder makes the beam end displacement and the bearing displacement more obviously at the low pier,which can cause the girder to fall and the bearing to shed. In seismic design and analysis,the effects of the near-fault pulse ground motion and the relative position relationship between the curved bridge and the fault on the structural response should be considered.
To study the structure response of curved bridges under the action of near-fault pulse ground motion,a test model for a curved bridge with the similar ratio of 1∶ 10 was designed. The shaking table tests of horizontal seismic excitation with the forward-directivity effect, the fling-step effect and the non-speed pulse records were carried out,respectively. The results show that the structural response of the curved bridge under the near-fault pulse effect ground motion is significantly higher than that with non-speed pulse ground motion. The radial displacement of the mid-span and the relative displacement of the piers under the forward-directivity effect ground motion are obvious.The tangential displacement of the mid-span,the displacement of the beam end,and the displacement of the bearings under the near-fault ground motion are related to the relative position between the curved bridge and the fault. The displacement response of the main girder has spatial characteristics,and the main girder rotates while moving horizontally. The rotation effect of the main girder is excited easily by the bidirectional excitation of the near-fault pulse ground motion. The rotation effect of the main girder makes the beam end displacement and the bearing displacement more obviously at the low pier,which can cause the girder to fall and the bearing to shed. In seismic design and analysis,the effects of the near-fault pulse ground motion and the relative position relationship between the curved bridge and the fault on the structural response should be considered.
引文
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[11]石岩,王东升,孙治国.近断层地震动下减隔震桥梁地震反应分析[J].桥梁建设,2014,44(3):19-24.Shi Y,Wang D S,Sun Z G.Analysis of seismic response of seismically mitigated and isolated bridge subjected to near-fault ground motion[J].Bridge Construction,2014,44(3):19-24.(in Chinese)
[12]王天稳.土木工程结构试验[M].2版.武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2006:16-19.
[2]Li X,Zhang D Y,Yan W M,et al.Shake-table test for a typical curved bridge:Wave passage and local site effects[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2015,20(2):04014061.DOI:10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000643.
[3]Zou D G,Han H C,Liu J M,et al.Seismic failure analysis for a high concrete face rockfill dam subjected to near-fault pulse-like ground motions[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2017,98:235-243.DOI:10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.03.031.
[4]戴公连,刘文硕,曾敏.小半径城市高架曲线梁桥地震动响应研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(2):155160. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1000-3835. 2012. 02. 031.Dai G L,Liu W S,Zeng M. Dynamic response of a small-radius curved bridge under earthquake[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(2):155-160. DOI:10.3969/j. issn. 1000-3835. 2012. 02. 031.(in Chinese)
[5]Mazza F,Mazza M,Vulcano A.Base-isolation systems for the seismic retrofitting of R.C.framed buildings with soft-storey subjected to near-fault earthquakes[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2018,109:209-221.DOI:10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.02.025.
[6]Dhankot M A,Soni D P.Behaviour of Triple Friction Pendulum isolator under forward directivity and fling step effect[J].KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,2017,21(3):872-881.DOI:10.1007/s12205-016-0690-3.
[7]江义,杨迪雄,李刚.近断层地震动向前方向性效应和滑冲效应对高层钢结构地震反应的影响[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(9):103-110.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2010.09.002.Jiang Y,Yang D X,Li G.Effects of forward directivity and fling step of near-fault ground motions on seismic responses of high-rise steel structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2010,31(9):103-110.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2010.09.002.(in Chinese)
[8]石岩.减隔震桥梁性能设计方法及环境影响因素研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015.Shi Y.Performance-based design method and effect of environmental condition on earthquake response for seismically isolated bridges[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2015.(in Chinese)
[9]李晰,贾宏宇,李倩.近断层地震动作用下大跨度曲线刚构桥台阵试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(5):199-207,237.DOI:10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2017.05.032.Li X,Jia H Y,Li Q.Shaking table tests for a longspan curved rigid bridge under near-fault ground motions[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(5):199-207,237.DOI:10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2017.05.032.(in Chinese)
[10]张凡,李帅,颜晓伟,等.近断层脉冲型地震动作用下大跨斜拉桥地震响应分析[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(21):163-172,184.DOI:10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2017.21.025.Zhang F,Li S,Yan X W,et al.Effects of near-fault pulse-type ground motions on the seismic responses of a long-span cable-stayed bridge[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(21):163-172,184.DOI:10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2017.21.025.(in Chinese)
[11]石岩,王东升,孙治国.近断层地震动下减隔震桥梁地震反应分析[J].桥梁建设,2014,44(3):19-24.Shi Y,Wang D S,Sun Z G.Analysis of seismic response of seismically mitigated and isolated bridge subjected to near-fault ground motion[J].Bridge Construction,2014,44(3):19-24.(in Chinese)
[12]王天稳.土木工程结构试验[M].2版.武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2006:16-19.