Prioritization of factors related to mental health of women during an earthquake:A qualitative study
|
摘要
BACKGROUND:According to the fact that women account for the highest rate of victims of mental health loss during disasters,prioritization of their requirements is of remarkable significance. Therefore,the present study was carried out with the aim to prioritize factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake.METHODS:This study was conducted using the Delphi method in 2017. Participants consisted of experts including psychologists,counselors and psychiatrists,social medicine specialists,and psychiatric-mental health nurses with experience in service and disaster awareness,especially earthquake. They were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The Delphi method was used in 2 rounds with 21 components and the final attendance of 19 participants and the collective agreement of 75%.RESULTS:Of the 21 factors related to women's mental health during the earthquake,the following components were,respectively,preferred by the participants:psychological well-being training,group relationships and support of women in emergency situations,fair treatment in the provision of rights and services to women,crisis awareness and management of behavior and difficult conditions,and social security during disasters with the total mean standard deviation(SD) of 13.4(2.4),13.0(2.4),12.7(2.5),12.5(2.4),and 12.3(2.2),respectively.CONCLUSION:Training in the field of psychology and disasters,and social and cultural factors were prioritized among factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake. Therefore,the results of this study can be applied by the planners and executives of mental health,women and disasters,and the women's community itself.
BACKGROUND:According to the fact that women account for the highest rate of victims of mental health loss during disasters,prioritization of their requirements is of remarkable significance. Therefore,the present study was carried out with the aim to prioritize factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake.METHODS:This study was conducted using the Delphi method in 2017. Participants consisted of experts including psychologists,counselors and psychiatrists,social medicine specialists,and psychiatric-mental health nurses with experience in service and disaster awareness,especially earthquake. They were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The Delphi method was used in 2 rounds with 21 components and the final attendance of 19 participants and the collective agreement of 75%.RESULTS:Of the 21 factors related to women's mental health during the earthquake,the following components were,respectively,preferred by the participants:psychological well-being training,group relationships and support of women in emergency situations,fair treatment in the provision of rights and services to women,crisis awareness and management of behavior and difficult conditions,and social security during disasters with the total mean standard deviation(SD) of 13.4(2.4),13.0(2.4),12.7(2.5),12.5(2.4),and 12.3(2.2),respectively.CONCLUSION:Training in the field of psychology and disasters,and social and cultural factors were prioritized among factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake. Therefore,the results of this study can be applied by the planners and executives of mental health,women and disasters,and the women's community itself.
BACKGROUND:According to the fact that women account for the highest rate of victims of mental health loss during disasters,prioritization of their requirements is of remarkable significance. Therefore,the present study was carried out with the aim to prioritize factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake.METHODS:This study was conducted using the Delphi method in 2017. Participants consisted of experts including psychologists,counselors and psychiatrists,social medicine specialists,and psychiatric-mental health nurses with experience in service and disaster awareness,especially earthquake. They were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The Delphi method was used in 2 rounds with 21 components and the final attendance of 19 participants and the collective agreement of 75%.RESULTS:Of the 21 factors related to women's mental health during the earthquake,the following components were,respectively,preferred by the participants:psychological well-being training,group relationships and support of women in emergency situations,fair treatment in the provision of rights and services to women,crisis awareness and management of behavior and difficult conditions,and social security during disasters with the total mean standard deviation(SD) of 13.4(2.4),13.0(2.4),12.7(2.5),12.5(2.4),and 12.3(2.2),respectively.CONCLUSION:Training in the field of psychology and disasters,and social and cultural factors were prioritized among factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake. Therefore,the results of this study can be applied by the planners and executives of mental health,women and disasters,and the women's community itself.
引文
1 Shultz J,Neria Y,Allen A,Espinel Z.Psychological impacts of natural disasters.Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series.2013;779-91.
2 Shooshtari SH,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Women’s mental health as the basis of preventive planning for disasters.JSaf Promot Inj Prev.2017;5(2):61-2.
3 Samouei R,Abedi MR,Ferdosi M.The absence of positive psychology in disasters.International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management.2014;2(4):241-5.
4 Morrissey Sh A,Reser JP.Natural disasters,climate change and mental health considerations for rural Australia.Aust J Rural Health.2007;15:120-5.
5 I??k?,?zer N,Say?n N,Mishal A,Gündo?du O,?z?ep F.Are women in Turkey both risks and resources in disaster management?Int J Environ Res Public Health.2015;12(6):5758-74.
6 Shooshtari SH,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Determining the reasons behind women’s vulnerability during disasters:Aqualitative study.J Saf Promot Inj Prev.2017;5(1):51-8.
7 Sohrabizadeh S,Jahangiri K,Jazani RK,Babaie J,Moradian MJ,Rastegarfar B.Women’s challenges and capabilities in disasters:a case report of the twin earthquakes of Eastern Azerbaijan,Iran.PLo S Curr.2017;9.pii:ecurrents.dis.2cff3d6e9e0c3a597f873bf29e712370.
8 Sheikhbardsiri H,Yarmohammadian MH,Rezaei F,Maracy MR.Rehabilitation of vulnerable groups in emergencies and disasters:A systematic review.World J Emerg Med.2017;8(4):253-63.
9 Shooshtari S,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Empowerment of women and mental health improvement with a preventive approach.Educ Health Promot.2018;7:31.
10 Bolhari J,Chime N.Mental health intervention in Bam earthquake crisis:a qualitative study.Tehran University Medical Journal.2007;65(1):7-13.[In Persian]
11 Parsizade F.Eskandari M.The study of capabilities and needs of women in crisis situations.Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering.2013;16(1):59-72.[In Persian]
12 Budhathoki SS,Bhattachan M,Castro-Sánchez E,Sagtani RA,Rayamajhi RB,Rai P,et al.Menstrual hygiene management among women and adolescent girls in the aftermath of the earthquake in Nepal.BMC Womens Health.2018;18(1):33.
13 BahmanJanbe F,Ordibeheshti Khiaban M,Kohan SH.Qualitative study of female gender roles in the earthquake.Journal of Women and Family Studies.2017;9(35):7-34.
14 Tavakoli N,Yarmohammadian MH,Safdari R,Keyvanara M.Patient tracking in earthquake emergency response in Iran:Aqualitative study.World J Emerg Med.2017;8(2):91-8.
15 Becker SM.Psychosocial care for women survivors of the Tsunami Disaster in India.Am J Public Health.2009;99(4):654-8.
16 Sezgin AU,Punam?ki RL.Perceived changes in social relations after earthquake trauma among Eastern Anatolian women:associated factors and mental health consequences.Stress Health.2016;32(4):355-66.
17 Ardalan A,Sohrabizadeh S,LatifiMF,RajaeiMH,Asadi A,Mirbeigi S,et al.Responding to physical and psychological health impacts of disasters:case study of the Iranian disaster rehabilitation plan.East Mediterr Health J.2016;22(3):212-8.
18 Jang M,Jung D,Thapa S,Lee Jh.Factors affecting women’s mental health lived in the Tent villages following the Nepal Earthquake.Int J Emerg Ment Health.2018;20(3):1-6.
19 Sezgin U,Punam?ki RL.Women’s disaster-related mental health:The decision to leave or to stay after an earthquake.Traumatology.2016;22(1):40-7.
20 Reifels L,Naccarella L,Blashki G,Pirkis J.Examining disaster mental health workforce capacity.Psychiatry.2014;77(2):199-205.
21 Shooshtari S,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Empowerment of women and mental health improvement with a preventive approach.J Edu Health Promot.2018;7:31.
22 Shooshtari SH,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Determining the reasons behind women’s vulnerabilityduring disasters:Aqualitative study.J Saf Promot Inj Prev.2017;5(1):51-8.
23 Keeney S,Hasson F,McKenna H.The delphi technique in nursing and health research.New delhi,India Wiley-Blackwell,2011.
24 Shooshtari S,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.The mental health needs of women in natural disasters:A qualitative study with a preventive approach.J Family Med Prim Care.2018;7(4):678-83.
25 Bradshaw S,Fordham M.Women,girls and disasters:A review for DFID.Middlesex University 2013.
26 Jahangiri K,Seddighi J.Vulnerability analysis and strategies for women’s health in disaster risk reduction:a qualitative study.Journal of Rescue.2011;3(1 and 2):60-6.
2 Shooshtari SH,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Women’s mental health as the basis of preventive planning for disasters.JSaf Promot Inj Prev.2017;5(2):61-2.
3 Samouei R,Abedi MR,Ferdosi M.The absence of positive psychology in disasters.International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management.2014;2(4):241-5.
4 Morrissey Sh A,Reser JP.Natural disasters,climate change and mental health considerations for rural Australia.Aust J Rural Health.2007;15:120-5.
5 I??k?,?zer N,Say?n N,Mishal A,Gündo?du O,?z?ep F.Are women in Turkey both risks and resources in disaster management?Int J Environ Res Public Health.2015;12(6):5758-74.
6 Shooshtari SH,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Determining the reasons behind women’s vulnerability during disasters:Aqualitative study.J Saf Promot Inj Prev.2017;5(1):51-8.
7 Sohrabizadeh S,Jahangiri K,Jazani RK,Babaie J,Moradian MJ,Rastegarfar B.Women’s challenges and capabilities in disasters:a case report of the twin earthquakes of Eastern Azerbaijan,Iran.PLo S Curr.2017;9.pii:ecurrents.dis.2cff3d6e9e0c3a597f873bf29e712370.
8 Sheikhbardsiri H,Yarmohammadian MH,Rezaei F,Maracy MR.Rehabilitation of vulnerable groups in emergencies and disasters:A systematic review.World J Emerg Med.2017;8(4):253-63.
9 Shooshtari S,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Empowerment of women and mental health improvement with a preventive approach.Educ Health Promot.2018;7:31.
10 Bolhari J,Chime N.Mental health intervention in Bam earthquake crisis:a qualitative study.Tehran University Medical Journal.2007;65(1):7-13.[In Persian]
11 Parsizade F.Eskandari M.The study of capabilities and needs of women in crisis situations.Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering.2013;16(1):59-72.[In Persian]
12 Budhathoki SS,Bhattachan M,Castro-Sánchez E,Sagtani RA,Rayamajhi RB,Rai P,et al.Menstrual hygiene management among women and adolescent girls in the aftermath of the earthquake in Nepal.BMC Womens Health.2018;18(1):33.
13 BahmanJanbe F,Ordibeheshti Khiaban M,Kohan SH.Qualitative study of female gender roles in the earthquake.Journal of Women and Family Studies.2017;9(35):7-34.
14 Tavakoli N,Yarmohammadian MH,Safdari R,Keyvanara M.Patient tracking in earthquake emergency response in Iran:Aqualitative study.World J Emerg Med.2017;8(2):91-8.
15 Becker SM.Psychosocial care for women survivors of the Tsunami Disaster in India.Am J Public Health.2009;99(4):654-8.
16 Sezgin AU,Punam?ki RL.Perceived changes in social relations after earthquake trauma among Eastern Anatolian women:associated factors and mental health consequences.Stress Health.2016;32(4):355-66.
17 Ardalan A,Sohrabizadeh S,LatifiMF,RajaeiMH,Asadi A,Mirbeigi S,et al.Responding to physical and psychological health impacts of disasters:case study of the Iranian disaster rehabilitation plan.East Mediterr Health J.2016;22(3):212-8.
18 Jang M,Jung D,Thapa S,Lee Jh.Factors affecting women’s mental health lived in the Tent villages following the Nepal Earthquake.Int J Emerg Ment Health.2018;20(3):1-6.
19 Sezgin U,Punam?ki RL.Women’s disaster-related mental health:The decision to leave or to stay after an earthquake.Traumatology.2016;22(1):40-7.
20 Reifels L,Naccarella L,Blashki G,Pirkis J.Examining disaster mental health workforce capacity.Psychiatry.2014;77(2):199-205.
21 Shooshtari S,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Empowerment of women and mental health improvement with a preventive approach.J Edu Health Promot.2018;7:31.
22 Shooshtari SH,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.Determining the reasons behind women’s vulnerabilityduring disasters:Aqualitative study.J Saf Promot Inj Prev.2017;5(1):51-8.
23 Keeney S,Hasson F,McKenna H.The delphi technique in nursing and health research.New delhi,India Wiley-Blackwell,2011.
24 Shooshtari S,Abedi MR,Bahrami M,Samouei R.The mental health needs of women in natural disasters:A qualitative study with a preventive approach.J Family Med Prim Care.2018;7(4):678-83.
25 Bradshaw S,Fordham M.Women,girls and disasters:A review for DFID.Middlesex University 2013.
26 Jahangiri K,Seddighi J.Vulnerability analysis and strategies for women’s health in disaster risk reduction:a qualitative study.Journal of Rescue.2011;3(1 and 2):60-6.