Analysis of Causes of Haze Weather in Winter in Zhangzhou City
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摘要
From December 3 to 12,2017,Zhangzhou experienced a haze weather process lasting for 10 days. In this paper,based on surface meteorological observation and environmental monitoring data,statistical comparison,Eta correlation coefficient,clustering analysis and other methods were adopted to analyze the causes of haze weather in the whole process from clean air( December 2) to haze generation,maintenance( December 3-12) and dissipation( December 13). The results showed that two blasts of strong cold air invaded the city during the haze formation and maintenance,and regional pollution transport and static and stable weather were the main reasons for the continuous high concentration of particulate matter,the occurrence of mild pollution from PM10 and PM2. 5 in some periods and mild-heavy haze weather lasting for 10 days. In this process,PM concentration had a strong negative correlation with air temperature and visibility,and the absolute values of the correlation coefficients were between 0. 6 and 0. 8. PM concentration correlated with relative humidity positively and with wind speed weakly. Regional transport of particulate matter and ozone was conducted in the form of northeast wind and southeast wind backflow. At night and in the morning,under the influence of static and stable weather and long-term sea and land breeze( 6 d),average wind speed was less than 1. 5 m/s,and the frequency of static wind and small wind exceeded 50%,while there was no precipitation. At 08: 00,in the middle and low altitudes,the inversion layer appeared in one week,and cloud cover was large,while the height of mixed layer was below 600 m. In the whole process,it was in the weak divergence field under cold high pressure,and the overall diffusion,dilution and cleaning ability of the atmosphere were poor.
From December 3 to 12,2017,Zhangzhou experienced a haze weather process lasting for 10 days. In this paper,based on surface meteorological observation and environmental monitoring data,statistical comparison,Eta correlation coefficient,clustering analysis and other methods were adopted to analyze the causes of haze weather in the whole process from clean air( December 2) to haze generation,maintenance( December 3-12) and dissipation( December 13). The results showed that two blasts of strong cold air invaded the city during the haze formation and maintenance,and regional pollution transport and static and stable weather were the main reasons for the continuous high concentration of particulate matter,the occurrence of mild pollution from PM10 and PM2. 5 in some periods and mild-heavy haze weather lasting for 10 days. In this process,PM concentration had a strong negative correlation with air temperature and visibility,and the absolute values of the correlation coefficients were between 0. 6 and 0. 8. PM concentration correlated with relative humidity positively and with wind speed weakly. Regional transport of particulate matter and ozone was conducted in the form of northeast wind and southeast wind backflow. At night and in the morning,under the influence of static and stable weather and long-term sea and land breeze( 6 d),average wind speed was less than 1. 5 m/s,and the frequency of static wind and small wind exceeded 50%,while there was no precipitation. At 08: 00,in the middle and low altitudes,the inversion layer appeared in one week,and cloud cover was large,while the height of mixed layer was below 600 m. In the whole process,it was in the weak divergence field under cold high pressure,and the overall diffusion,dilution and cleaning ability of the atmosphere were poor.
From December 3 to 12,2017,Zhangzhou experienced a haze weather process lasting for 10 days. In this paper,based on surface meteorological observation and environmental monitoring data,statistical comparison,Eta correlation coefficient,clustering analysis and other methods were adopted to analyze the causes of haze weather in the whole process from clean air( December 2) to haze generation,maintenance( December 3-12) and dissipation( December 13). The results showed that two blasts of strong cold air invaded the city during the haze formation and maintenance,and regional pollution transport and static and stable weather were the main reasons for the continuous high concentration of particulate matter,the occurrence of mild pollution from PM10 and PM2. 5 in some periods and mild-heavy haze weather lasting for 10 days. In this process,PM concentration had a strong negative correlation with air temperature and visibility,and the absolute values of the correlation coefficients were between 0. 6 and 0. 8. PM concentration correlated with relative humidity positively and with wind speed weakly. Regional transport of particulate matter and ozone was conducted in the form of northeast wind and southeast wind backflow. At night and in the morning,under the influence of static and stable weather and long-term sea and land breeze( 6 d),average wind speed was less than 1. 5 m/s,and the frequency of static wind and small wind exceeded 50%,while there was no precipitation. At 08: 00,in the middle and low altitudes,the inversion layer appeared in one week,and cloud cover was large,while the height of mixed layer was below 600 m. In the whole process,it was in the weak divergence field under cold high pressure,and the overall diffusion,dilution and cleaning ability of the atmosphere were poor.
引文
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[2]WU D,YU YX,XIA JR,et al.Long-term variation in haze days and related climatic factors in Nanjing[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,2016,39(2):232-242.(in Chinese).
[3]QIAN JP,HUANG F,DU J,et al.Spatial-temporal characteristic of meteorological visibility under fog and haze condition in Guangdong Province[J].Ecology and Environmnet,2006,15(6):1324-1330.(in Chinese).
[4]ZHENG ZF.Statistical analysis of the effects of urbanization on haze days in Beijing area[J].Ecology and Environmnet,2013,22(8):1381-1385.(in Chinese).
[5]CUI Y,ZHAO CY,WANG T,et al.Temporal and spatial characteristics of haze days with different intensities and the climatic factors during 1961-2013 in Liaoning Province[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(6):1629-1637.(in Chinese).
[6]WANG MJ,ZHU XY,CHEN SP.Characteristics of haze weathers with different level in Shenzhen during 1981-2010[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(9):1563-1568.(in Chinese).
[7]KANG N,HU K,KUMAR KR,et al.Analysis of haze weather process in Nanjing City in October 2015[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2017,30(12):1832-1840.(in Chinese).
[8]CHEN XX,HU L,PENGWang MZ,et al.Characteristics of meteorological parameters and main atmospheric pollutants of haze events in Nanchang from 1960 to 2014[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2016,32(5):114-121.(in Chinese).
[9]LEI ZC,QIAN W,XIA WM,et al.Analysis of characteristics and impact factors of haze in Changzhou[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2016,32(3):53-60.(in Chinese).
[10]XU TT,CHEN YH,ZHAO BK,et al.Comparison of vertical distribution of optical properties and mass concentration of ambient particles between haze and non-haze periods in Shanghai[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(5):1558-1565.(in Chinese).
[11]ZHUANG WW,HE QS,WANG J,et al.Analysis of intensity and altitude of haze at Shanghai in winter based on surface micropulse lidar[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(3):627-635.(in Chinese).
[12]LIU WB,WANG YJ,HUANG ZZ,et al.Research of extinction characteristics during haze events in winter of Guangzhou[J].Ecology and Environmnet,2016,25(11):1755-1759.(in Chinese).
[13]HE QS,PAN H,HUANG Y,et al.Comparison of the extinction of aerosols and humidity influence between dry and damp haze periods in Shanghai[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Science),2013,49(4):497-503.(in Chinese).
[14]WANG YJ,LI M,WU QZ,et al.Characterizing single particle aerosols during the formation and removal of a haze event in the autumn of Guangzhou[J].Ecology and Environmnet,2016,25(4):614-620.(in Chinese).
[15]LI T,ZHAO TL,YANG XX,et al.Inter-decadal variations in the seasonality of haze over Shandong Province in recent 53 years[J].Ecology and Environmnet,2014,23(9):1432-1437.(in Chinese).
[16]ZHANG YH,MA YJ,WANG YF.Synoptic,climatic and environmental characteristics of haze in center area of Liaoning Province[J].Ecology and Environment,2010,19(5):1114-1118.(in Chinese).
[17]LIU HF,YANG X,CHEN YZ,et al.A review of meteorological effects on heavy haze pollution in China[J].Ecology and Environment,2015,24(11):1917-1922.(in Chinese).
[18]WANG H,FENG HF,SUI P,et al.Analysis of haze meteorological fields in Fuzhou[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2009,36(7):670-675.(in Chinese).
[19]WANG H,XIE ZX,ZHENG QP,et al.Analysis of haze distribution and weather causes in Fujian Province during the last three years[J].Climate Change Research Letters,2016,5(4):239-246.(in Chinese).
[20]ZHENG QP,LIN CC,WANG H,et al.Characteristics of hazy weather in coastal cities in Fujian Province[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(12):1311-1318.(in Chinese).