比较转录组研究钛离子对紫花苜蓿基因表达的影响
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摘要
钛离子可显著促进植物生长,增加作物产量.以紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)为材料,用钛离子水溶液(0,8 mg/L)喷施植株叶面,24 h后取样进行Illumina高通量RNA-Seq测序,研究钛离子对紫花苜蓿叶片基因表达的影响,在转录水平上研究钛离子作用的分子机理.以蒺藜苜蓿(Medicago truncatula)为参考基因组进行比对,结果显示,共获得28437个注释基因.差异表达分析表明,与对照相比,8mg/L钛离子处理引起大量基因表达发生变化,482个差异表达的基因中247个上调表达,235个下调表达. GO和KEGG注释结果显示,大量核糖体(18)、热激蛋白(7)、转录因子WRKY(5)类编码基因上调表达;尽管抗病相关基因上调的个数(11)低于下调的(22),但这些抗病相关基因的总体表达量,FPKM从12 563上升至16 197.下调的基因主要有细胞色素P450家族基因(上调2个,下调7个).推测钛离子作为一种胁迫信号刺激紫花苜蓿产生应答,引起基因表达发生变化,上调了与生长和胁迫适应相关基因的表达,进而促进植物生长和提高对逆境的耐受性.本研究为揭示钛离子调节植物生长的机制打下基础,为进一步钛离子制剂在农业生产中的应用提供指导.
Titanium ions promote plant growth and increase crop yield significantly, but the mechanism remains an enigma.In this study, we determined the effect of titanium ions on gene expression in Medicago sativa using Illumina high-throughput RNA-sequencing. After 24 h of foliar-sprayed with a titanium ion solution(0, 8 mg/L), the leaves of M. sativa were sampled for transcriptome sequencing. The resulting sequences were mapped onto the reference genome of Medicago truncatula,leading to the annotation of 28 437 genes. The differential expression analysis showed that 482 genes expressed differentially,including 247 up-regulated and 235 down-regulated upon 8 mg/L titanium ion solution compared with the control. Further analysis showed that the genes encoding ribosomal proteins(18), heat shock proteins(7) and transcription factor WRKYs(5)were mainly up-regulated. Although the number of up-regulated genes(11) associated with disease resistance was less than that of down-regulated ones(22), the total expression abundance of these genes increased from 12 563 to 16 197 FPKM. In addition,the down-regulated genes mainly included cytochrome P450 family genes(2 up-regulated, 7 down-regulated). It was speculated that titanium ions act as a stress signal to stimulate plants to respond, resulting in gene expression alterations that promote plant growth and improves the adaptability to adverse conditions. This study lays the foundation for revealing the regulatory mechanism of titanium ions on plant growth and provides a basis for its further application in agricultural production.
Titanium ions promote plant growth and increase crop yield significantly, but the mechanism remains an enigma.In this study, we determined the effect of titanium ions on gene expression in Medicago sativa using Illumina high-throughput RNA-sequencing. After 24 h of foliar-sprayed with a titanium ion solution(0, 8 mg/L), the leaves of M. sativa were sampled for transcriptome sequencing. The resulting sequences were mapped onto the reference genome of Medicago truncatula,leading to the annotation of 28 437 genes. The differential expression analysis showed that 482 genes expressed differentially,including 247 up-regulated and 235 down-regulated upon 8 mg/L titanium ion solution compared with the control. Further analysis showed that the genes encoding ribosomal proteins(18), heat shock proteins(7) and transcription factor WRKYs(5)were mainly up-regulated. Although the number of up-regulated genes(11) associated with disease resistance was less than that of down-regulated ones(22), the total expression abundance of these genes increased from 12 563 to 16 197 FPKM. In addition,the down-regulated genes mainly included cytochrome P450 family genes(2 up-regulated, 7 down-regulated). It was speculated that titanium ions act as a stress signal to stimulate plants to respond, resulting in gene expression alterations that promote plant growth and improves the adaptability to adverse conditions. This study lays the foundation for revealing the regulatory mechanism of titanium ions on plant growth and provides a basis for its further application in agricultural production.
引文
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2 Tim US,Jolly R.Evaluating agricultural nonpoint-source pollution using integrated geographic information systems and hydrologic/water quality model[J].J Environ Qual,1994,23(1):25-35
3孙金华,朱乾德,颜志俊,陆海明,王会容.AGNPS系列模型研究与应用综述[J].水科学进展,2009,20(6):876-884[Sun JH,Zhu QD,Yan ZJ,Lu HM,Wang HR.A review of research and application of AGNPSmodel[J].Adv Water Sci,2009,20(6):876-884]
4 Jelks B.Titanium,its occurrence,chemistry,and technology[J].Soil Sci,1950,70(70):414
5 Bordbar H,Yousefi AA,Abedini H.Production of titanium tetrachloride(TiCl4)f rom t it a n iu m ores:a rev iew[J].2017,DOI:10.22063/poj.2017.1453
6 Noort RV.Titanium:the implant material of today[J].J Mat Sci,1987,22(11):3801-3811
7 H r ubyM,Cígler P,Ku zel S.Cont r ibution to u nderst anding the mechanism of titanium action in plant[J].J Plant Nutr,2002,25(3):577-598
8 Kalinowski K,Wadas W.Effect of Tytanit?on the yield and yield components of very early-maturing potato cultivars[J].J Central Eur Agric,2017,18(2):441-459
9范秀菊.钛的氧化还原特性及其在植物生化过程中的作用[J].中国土壤与肥料,2012(5):1-4[Fan XJ.Redox properties of titanium and its action on biochemical process in plants[J].China Soils Fert,2012(5):1-4]
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11 Carvajal M,Alcaraz CF.Why titanium is a beneficial element for plants[J].J Plant Nutr,1998,21(4):655-664
12张启峰,张世平,张其德,卢从明,万春候.钛对小麦幼苗光合特性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1996(1):84-90[Zhang QF,Zhang SP,Zhang QD,Lu CM,Wan CH.Effect of titanium on photosynthetic characteristics of wheat seedlings[J].Plant Nutr Fertil Sci,1996(1):84-90]
13 Zhang X,Shang C,Xiao S.Continuous method and production device for producing hydrolysis-resistant stable 368 ionic titanium:US,US8308840 B2[P].2012
14巫维杰,吴勇,乔欣欣,何密.不同浓度抗水解稳定离子钛(ASIT)对3种高寒牧草种子发芽率的影响[J].南方农业,2015(3):24-25[Wu WJ,Wu Y,Qiao XX,He M.Effects of different concentrations of hydrolysisresistant stable ion titanium(ASIT)on seed germination rate of three alpine forages.S Agric,2015(3):24-25]
15万军,姜清治,张文建,杨有成,张廷珍,魏强,张赵鹏.抗水解稳定离子钛对烤烟生长发育和品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(11):35-38[Wan J,Jiang QZ,Zhang WJ,Yang YC,Zhang TZ,Wei Q,Zhang ZP.Effects of hydrolytic stability titanium ion on growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].J Anhui Agric,2017,45(11):35-38]
16邢小军,张建慧,王勇.离子钛对烟苗生长和烟叶产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(6):38-40[Xing XJ,Zhang JH,Wang Y.Effect of ionic titanium on seedling,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaf[J].Chin Tob Sci,2010,31(6):38-40]
17徐伦,张光跃.抗水解稳定离子钛在大豆上的应用[J].西昌学院学报(自然科学版),2010,24(2):15-17[Xu L,Zhang GY.The application of hydrolytic stable ions titanium in soybean[J].J Xichang Coll(Nat Sci Ed),2010,24(2):15-17]
18杨青川,康俊梅,张铁军,刘凤岐,龙瑞才,孙彦.苜蓿种质资源的分布、育种与利用[J].科学通报,2016(2):261-270[Yang QC,Kang JM,Zhang TJ,Liu FQ,Long RC,Sun Y.Distribution,breeding and utilization of alfalfa germplasm resources[J].Chin Sci Bull,2016(2):261-270]
19 Tu X,Liu Z,Zhang Z.Comparative transcriptomic analysis of resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars(Medicago sativa L.)after thrips infestation[J].BMC Genomics,2018,19(1):DOI 10.1186/s12864-018-4495-2
20双宝,韩英鹏,李明,李文滨.真核细胞翻译起始因子5A(eIF5A)研究进展[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(8):156-160[Shuang B,Han YP,Li M,Li WB.Progress of eukaryotic translation initiation factor5A(eIF5A)[J].J Northeast Agric Univ,2010,41(8):156-160]
21 Costa V,A ngelini C,De Feis I,Ciccodicola A.Uncover ing the complexity of transcriptomes with RNA-Seq[J].J Biomed Biotechnol,2010,2010:DOI 10.1155/2010/853916.
22 Wang Z,Gerstein M,Snyder M.RNA-Seq:a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics[J].Nat Rev Genetics,2009,10(1):57-63
23 Pertea M,Kim D,Pertea GM,Leek JT,Salzberq SL.Transcript-level expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with HISAT,StringTie and Ballgown[J].Nat Protocols,2016,11(9):1650
24 Kim D,Langmead B,Salzberg SL.HISAT:a fast spliced aligner with low memory requirements[J].Nat Methods,2015,12(4):357-360
25 Langmead B,Salzberg SL.Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2[J].Nat Methods,2011,9(4):357-359
26 Li B,Dewey CN.RSEM:accurate transcript quantification from RNA-Seq data with or without a reference genome[J].BMC Bioinformatics,2011,12(1):323
27 Robinson MD,McCar thy DJ,Smyth GK.edgeR:a bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data[J].Bioinformatics,2009,26(1):139-140
28 Young MD,Wakefield MJ,Smyth GK,Oshlack A.Gene ontology analysis for RNA-seq:accounting for selection bias[J].Genome Biol,2010,11(2):R14
29 Minoru K,Michihiro A,Susumu G,Masahiro H,Mika H,Masumi I,Toshiaki K,Shuichi K,Shujiro O,Toshiaki T,Yoshihiro Y.KEGG for linking genomes to life and the environment[J].Nucleic Acids Res,2008,36:D480-D484
30王勇刚,曾富华,吴志华,罗泽民.植物诱导抗病与病程相关蛋白[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,28(2):177-182[Wang YJ,Zeng FH,Wu ZH,Luo ZM.Relationship between induced disease resistance and pathogenesis-related protein in plant[J].J Hunan Agric Univ(Nat Sci),2002,28(2):177-182]
31 Ghosh S.Triterpene structural diversification by plant cytochrome P450enzymes[J].Front Plant Sci,2017,8:DOI 10.3389/fpls.2017.01886
32靳聪聪,侯名语,潘延云.拟南芥核糖体蛋白生物学功能研究进展[J].植物生理学报,2018,54(2):203-212[Jin CC,Hou MY,Pan YY.Research progress of ribosomal protein function in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Physiol J,2018,54(2):203-212]
33邵玲,陈向荣.热激蛋白与植物的抗逆性[J].北方园艺,2005(3):73-74[Shao L,Chen XR.Heat shock protein and plant stress resistance.NHorticult,2005(3):73-74]
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