一种高频振动刀具的失效分析和优化
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摘要
高频振动刀具在包装、鞋类等行业制样时使用广泛,由于转速较高,刀具在正常使用时常因噪声和加工精度达不到要求而失效。本文基于柔性多体动力学与有限元联合仿真的方法,建立了高频振动刀具的刚柔混合模型,通过仿真得出刀具失效是由于偏心轴套受力不均、连杆变形位移较大引起的结论,与实际使用过程中失效形式吻合,验证了联合仿真模型的有效性;对比分析了柔性连杆的自由模态和刀具工况约束下的模态,得到了避免发生共振的频率范围;利用动平衡方法对结构进行了改进设计,通过平衡机构部分惯性力有效提高了工作频率,为进一步进行结构优化奠定了理论基础。
The High-frequency vibration tool is widely used in the packaging, footwear and other industries to make samples. At high speed, the tool often fails to meet the requirements due to noise and inaccuracy. Based on flexible multi-body systems dynamics theory and combined finite element analysis simulation method, a rigid-flexible coupling model of the high frequency vibrating tool was developed. Several useful conclusions are drawn that the reasons for tool failure are uneven stress on the eccentric shaft sleeve and big deformation for the linkage coincided with the practical. It also verified the model accuracy. Meanwhile, the flexible rod free mode and the tool mode under the constraint were analyzed, the resonance vibration frequency was obtained. The structure was improved by dynamic balance method, which effectively increased the operating frequency by balancing a part of mechanism inertial force and laid a theoretical foundation for the tool advanced optimization.
The High-frequency vibration tool is widely used in the packaging, footwear and other industries to make samples. At high speed, the tool often fails to meet the requirements due to noise and inaccuracy. Based on flexible multi-body systems dynamics theory and combined finite element analysis simulation method, a rigid-flexible coupling model of the high frequency vibrating tool was developed. Several useful conclusions are drawn that the reasons for tool failure are uneven stress on the eccentric shaft sleeve and big deformation for the linkage coincided with the practical. It also verified the model accuracy. Meanwhile, the flexible rod free mode and the tool mode under the constraint were analyzed, the resonance vibration frequency was obtained. The structure was improved by dynamic balance method, which effectively increased the operating frequency by balancing a part of mechanism inertial force and laid a theoretical foundation for the tool advanced optimization.
引文
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[2] 曹大志,赵治华,强洪夫,等.基于柔性多体动力学的瓦楞成型系统建模与仿真研究[J]. 振动与冲击,2012(17):51-5580.CAO DaZhi, ZHAO ZhiHua, QIANG HongFu,et al. Modeling and simulation for a corrugating machine system based on flexible multi-body dynamics[J]. Journal of Vibtation and Shock, 2012(17):51-55 (In Chinese).
[3] 姚林晓,师素娟,董贵恒. 柔性多体系统动力学研究方法及其发展[J]. 华北水利水电学院学报,2010(05):97-100.YAO LinXiao, SHI SuJuan, DONG GuiHeng. Research method and development of the dynamics flexible multi-body system dynamics[J]. Journal of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, 2010(05):97-100 (In Chinese).
[4] Likins PW. Finite element appendage equations for hybrid coordinate dynamic analysis [J]. Journal of Solids & Structures, 1972, 8(5):709-731.
[5] 赵玉成,王跃社,张亚红,等. 柔性曲柄摇杆机构的动力学分析及实验研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2005(07):710-714.ZHAO YuCheng, WANG YueShe, ZHANG YaHong,et al. Analytical and experimental research on dynamics characteristics of elastic linkage mechanism[J].Journal Of Xi’An Jiaotong University,2005(07):710-714 (In Chinese).
[6] 张永德,汪洋涛,王沫楠,等. 基于ANSYS与ADAMS的柔性体联合仿真[J]. 系统仿真学报,2008(17):4501-4504.ZHANG YongDe, WANG YangTao, WANG MoNan,et al. Co-simulation of Flexible Body Based on ANSYS and ADAMS[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008(17):4501-4504 (In Chinese).
[7] 陈峰华. ADAMS 2012 虚拟样机技术从入门到精通[M].第2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2013:170-193.Chen FengHua. ADAMS 2012 virtual prototyping technology from entry to proficient[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2013:170-193. (In Chinese)
[8] 曹宏瑞,李亚敏,何正嘉,等. 高速滚动轴承-转子系统时变轴承刚度及振动响应分析[J]. 机械工程学报,2014(15):73-81.CAO HongRui, LI YaMin, HE ZhengJia,et al. Time varying bearing stiffness and vibration response analysis of high speed rolling bearing-rotor systems[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014(15):73-81 (In Chinese).
[9] 张子强,常焱. 振动偏心轮结构设计及其有限元分析[J]. 江南大学学报(自然科学版),2011(05):573-577.ZHANG ZiQiang, CHANG Yan. Structure design of vibration eccentric and it’s finite element analysis[J]. Journal of Jiangnan University (Natural Science Edition),2011(05):573-577 (In Chinese).
[10] 杨静芳,冯显英,张鹏,等. 轮胎动平衡试验机系统偏心的动态补偿[J]. 振动.测试与诊断,2016(03):492-497.YANG JingFang, FENG XianYin, ZHANG Peng,et al. Research on dynamic eccentricity compensation of tire dynamic balance detection machine[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2016(03):492-497 (In Chinese).