基于大棚骨架的水肥药一体化系统设计与分析
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摘要
研究大棚水肥药一体化灌溉施肥喷药的性能,针对各种肥液配比误差较大及水肥药混合均匀性的问题,通过液体力学的伯努利方程,详细分析配比误差形成的原因,在系统中增加对各路肥液的重量监测,建立数学模型,对配比误差进行修正。在占空比分别为25%和35%两种情况下,进行修正不开启和修正开启的误差对比试验,结果表明,系统经过修正后,配比误差从7%降低到2%,误差修正使得水肥药一体化系统的配比更加精准,验证其有效性。
The performance of fertilizer spraying for irrigation in integrated system of water, fertilizer and pesticide in greenhouse was studied. Aiming at the problems of large error of fertilizer-liquid ratio and uniformity of water-fertilizer-pesticide mixing, the causes of the error were analyzed in detail through Bernoulli equation of liquid mechanics. The weight monitoring of each fertilizer solution was added to the system, and the mathematical model was established, and the error of fertilizer-mixture ratio was corrected. In the case of 25% duty cycle and 35% duty cycle respectively, the error comparison experiments were carried out. The results show that after the system is corrected, the error of mixing ratio decreases from 7% to 2%. The error correction makes the mixing ratio of water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system more accurate, and verifies its effectiveness.
The performance of fertilizer spraying for irrigation in integrated system of water, fertilizer and pesticide in greenhouse was studied. Aiming at the problems of large error of fertilizer-liquid ratio and uniformity of water-fertilizer-pesticide mixing, the causes of the error were analyzed in detail through Bernoulli equation of liquid mechanics. The weight monitoring of each fertilizer solution was added to the system, and the mathematical model was established, and the error of fertilizer-mixture ratio was corrected. In the case of 25% duty cycle and 35% duty cycle respectively, the error comparison experiments were carried out. The results show that after the system is corrected, the error of mixing ratio decreases from 7% to 2%. The error correction makes the mixing ratio of water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated system more accurate, and verifies its effectiveness.
引文
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[3] 赵常,耿爱军,张姬,等.水肥药精准管理技术研究现状与发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(11):28-33.Zhao Chang,Geng Aijun,Zhang Ji,et al.Research status and development trend of precision management technology of water fertilizer [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(11):28-33.
[4] 高振军,苏华山,徐翔,等.微润灌溉技术应用研究分析[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(2):34-37.Gao Zhenjun,Su Huashan,Xu Xiang,et al.Research and analysis on applying of micro-irrigation technology [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(2):34-37,62.
[5] 姜岩,唐勇伟,李成攻,等.基于专家系统的水肥一体机智能控制系统[J].现代农业科技,2018(10):191-193.
[6] Maleki M R,Mouazen A M,Ramon H,et al.Optimization of soil VIS-NIR sensor-based variable rate application system [J].Soil and Tillage Research,2017,94(1):239-250.
[7] 白雪萍,赵丽,田鑫,等.海鲜菇栽培环境因子监控系统设计[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(5):66-70.Bai Xueping,Zhao Li,Tian Xin,et al.Design on monitoring system for environmental cultivation factors of hypsizygus marmoreus [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(5):66-70.
[8] 李加念,洪添胜,冯瑞珏,等.基于模糊控制的肥液自动混合装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(16):22-30.
[9] 高菊玲,孙昌权.设施蔬菜工厂化繁育营养液供液自动控制系统研究[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(12):54-58.Gao Juling,Sun Changquan.Research of automatic control system of facility vegetable industrial breeding nutrient solution [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(12):54-58.
[10] 俞卫东,刘永华,孔德志,等.基于PLC的智能灌溉施肥机的研制[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(6):177-179.Yu Weidong,Liu Yonghua,Kong Dezhi,et al.Development of an intelligent fertigation applicator based on PLC [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(6):177-179.
[11] 姚舟华.自动灌溉施肥机营养液EC-pH与配比精确控制技术研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2013.Yao Zhouhua.Research on Precise control technology of nutrient solution EC & pH and ratio for automatic fertigation system [D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2013.
[12] Perea R G,Poyato E C,Montesinos P,et al.Prediction of applied irrigation depths at farm level using artificial intelligence techniques [J].Agricultural Water Management,2018,206:229-240.
[13] Antonelli M,Baccioli A,Francesconi M,et al.Small scale ORC plant modeling with the AMESim simulation tool:Analysis of working fluid and thermodynamic cycle parameters influence [J].Energy Procedia,2015,81:440-449.
[14] 李扬,郝明,王凯,等.基于AMESim的大田水肥一体化微喷灌系统建模与试验研究[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(6):53-60.Li Yang,Hao Ming,Wang Kai,et al.Modeling and experimental study on micro-sprinkler in integrated irrigation and fertilizer field based on AMESim [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(6):53-60.
[15] 赵兴杰,杨彦,尹艳莉,等.基于物联网的水肥一体化技术设计与应用效果分析[J].农业技术与装备,2015(5):8-10.
[16] 张雪飞,彭凯,王建春,等.设施蔬菜水肥一体化智能灌溉控制系统的设计及试验[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(9):1534-1538.Zhang Xuefei,Peng Kai,Wang Jianchun,et al.Design and test of intelligent irrigation control system for water and fertilizer integration of facilities vegetables [J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2017,45(9):1534-1538.