海洋经济增长与海洋环境污染的库兹涅茨曲线实证研究
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摘要
文章基于环境库兹涅茨曲线的基本理论,以中国海洋经济为研究对象,对北部海洋经济圈、东部海洋经济圈、南部海洋经济圈开展实证研究,选取2001-2014年工业废水、废气和固体废弃物排放量为环境污染指标,以全国沿海地区同期人均第二、三产业增加值为经济指标,建立面板模型和非参数计量模型,研究结果发现:(1)三大海洋经济圈海洋经济增长与环境污染之间曲线关系不完全符合典型的倒"U"型EKC特征,包括线性正相关、"N"型、倒"N"型等多种形态;(2)通过对比分析,各海洋经济圈的EKC曲线也呈现出差异性特征。因此,在生态文明建设背景下,国家应该依据区域海洋经济特征、因地制宜调控海洋经济发展,保持沿海地区海洋经济和海洋资源环境的空间均衡,实现海洋环境与经济协调发展。
Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve,this paper selects the data of industrial waste water,industrial waste gases and industrious solid rubbish of North Sea economic circle,Eastern Sea economic circle and Southern Sea economic circle in the period of 2001-2014 as environment pollution indicators and the output of second and third industry per capita as economic indicators,building the panel data models and nonparametric regression econometric models.The findings revealed that,(1)the relationship between Marine Environment Pollution and Marine Economy Growth in three major marine economic circles does not completely comply with the U-shaped pattern of EKC,including the linear positive correlation,the shape of"N",the shape of invert"N"and so on;(2)the article shows through comparative analysis,that the pattern of EKC in different marine economic circles presents a difference feature.Thus,against in the background of ecological civilization construction,the state should,based on the characteristics of regional marine economy,regulate the development of marine economy according to local conditions,maintain the spatial balance of coastal areas and marine economy,and finally realize the coordinated development of marine environment and marine economy.
Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve,this paper selects the data of industrial waste water,industrial waste gases and industrious solid rubbish of North Sea economic circle,Eastern Sea economic circle and Southern Sea economic circle in the period of 2001-2014 as environment pollution indicators and the output of second and third industry per capita as economic indicators,building the panel data models and nonparametric regression econometric models.The findings revealed that,(1)the relationship between Marine Environment Pollution and Marine Economy Growth in three major marine economic circles does not completely comply with the U-shaped pattern of EKC,including the linear positive correlation,the shape of"N",the shape of invert"N"and so on;(2)the article shows through comparative analysis,that the pattern of EKC in different marine economic circles presents a difference feature.Thus,against in the background of ecological civilization construction,the state should,based on the characteristics of regional marine economy,regulate the development of marine economy according to local conditions,maintain the spatial balance of coastal areas and marine economy,and finally realize the coordinated development of marine environment and marine economy.
引文
[1]许广月,宋德勇.中国碳排放环境库兹涅茨曲线的实证研究-基于省域面板数据[J].中国工业经济,2010(5):37-47.
[2]刘华军,闫庆悦,孙曰瑶.中国二氧化碳排放的环境库兹涅茨曲线-基于时间序列与面板数据的经验估计[J].中国科技论坛,2011(4):108-113.
[3]陈德湖,张津.中国碳排放的环境库兹涅茨曲线分析-基于空间面板模型的实证研究[J].统计与信息论坛,2012,27(5):48-53.
[4]林伯强,蒋竺均.中国二氧化碳的环境库兹涅茨曲线预测及影响因素分析[J].管理世界,2009(4):27-36.
[5]张凯.循环经济对环境库兹涅茨曲线影响分析[J].中国发展,2005(1):12-16.
[6]陈强强,窦学诚.甘肃省环境库兹涅茨曲线估计及其驱动因子分析[J].干旱区地理(汉文版),2011,34(5):866-873.
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[8]Stern,David I.Explaining changes in global sulfur emissions:an econometric decomposition approach[J].Ecological Economics,2002,42(2):201-220.
[9]刘婷婷,马忠玉.经济增长与环境污染的库兹涅茨曲线分析与预测[J].地域研究与开发,2011(3):62-66.
[10]李红莉,王艳,葛虎.山东省环境库兹涅茨曲线的检验与分析[J].环境科学研究,2008(4):210-214.
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[12]Bruyn S M,vanden Bergh J C J M,Opschoor J B.Economic Growth and Emissions:Reconsidering the Empirical Basis of Environmental Kuznets Curves[J].Ecological Economics,1998,25:161-175.
[13]桂小丹,李慧明.环境库兹涅茨曲线实证研究进展[J].中国人口资源与环境,2010(3):5-8.
[14]李红莉,王艳,葛虎.山东省环境库兹涅茨曲线的检验与分析[J].环境科学研究,2008(4):210-214.
[15]谷蕾,马建华,王广华.河南省1985-2006年环境库兹涅茨特征分析[J].地域研究与开发,2008(4):113-124.
[16]孙可.天津市环境库兹涅茨的实证研究[D].天津:天津师范大学,2008.
[17]邵锋祥,曲晓娥,席瑶.陕西省碳排放环境库兹涅茨曲线及影响因素[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012(8):37-43.
[18]龚健健,沈可挺.中国高耗能产业及其环境污染的区域分布[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2011(2):20-51.
[19]Bagliani M,Bravo G,Dalmazzone S.Aconsumption-based approach to environmental Kuznets curves using the ecological footprint indicator[J].Ecological Economics,2008:650-661.
[20]Richard T C,Jeon Y,Donald R M.The relationship between air pollution emissions and income:US Data[J].Environment and Development Economics,1997,(4):433-450.
[21]Cropper M,Griffith C.The Interaction of Population Growth and Environmental Quality[J].American Economic Review,1994,84:250-254.
[22]徐胜,王晓惠,宋维玲,等.环渤海地区经济增长与环境污染关系分析---基于环境库兹涅茨曲线[J].海洋通报,2011,(6):601-606.
[23]赵昕,吴曼华,王涛.金融发展与城乡收入差距动态关系的实证检验[J].统计与决策,2016(14):122-125.
[2]刘华军,闫庆悦,孙曰瑶.中国二氧化碳排放的环境库兹涅茨曲线-基于时间序列与面板数据的经验估计[J].中国科技论坛,2011(4):108-113.
[3]陈德湖,张津.中国碳排放的环境库兹涅茨曲线分析-基于空间面板模型的实证研究[J].统计与信息论坛,2012,27(5):48-53.
[4]林伯强,蒋竺均.中国二氧化碳的环境库兹涅茨曲线预测及影响因素分析[J].管理世界,2009(4):27-36.
[5]张凯.循环经济对环境库兹涅茨曲线影响分析[J].中国发展,2005(1):12-16.
[6]陈强强,窦学诚.甘肃省环境库兹涅茨曲线估计及其驱动因子分析[J].干旱区地理(汉文版),2011,34(5):866-873.
[7]Cavigliaharris J L,Chambers D,Kahn J R.Taking the"U"out of Kuznets:a comprehensive analysis of the EKC and environmental degradation[J].Ecological Economics,2009,68(4):1149-1159.
[8]Stern,David I.Explaining changes in global sulfur emissions:an econometric decomposition approach[J].Ecological Economics,2002,42(2):201-220.
[9]刘婷婷,马忠玉.经济增长与环境污染的库兹涅茨曲线分析与预测[J].地域研究与开发,2011(3):62-66.
[10]李红莉,王艳,葛虎.山东省环境库兹涅茨曲线的检验与分析[J].环境科学研究,2008(4):210-214.
[11]Grossman,G M,Krueger A B.Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement[R].NBER Working Papen Series,No.3914,1991:1-57.
[12]Bruyn S M,vanden Bergh J C J M,Opschoor J B.Economic Growth and Emissions:Reconsidering the Empirical Basis of Environmental Kuznets Curves[J].Ecological Economics,1998,25:161-175.
[13]桂小丹,李慧明.环境库兹涅茨曲线实证研究进展[J].中国人口资源与环境,2010(3):5-8.
[14]李红莉,王艳,葛虎.山东省环境库兹涅茨曲线的检验与分析[J].环境科学研究,2008(4):210-214.
[15]谷蕾,马建华,王广华.河南省1985-2006年环境库兹涅茨特征分析[J].地域研究与开发,2008(4):113-124.
[16]孙可.天津市环境库兹涅茨的实证研究[D].天津:天津师范大学,2008.
[17]邵锋祥,曲晓娥,席瑶.陕西省碳排放环境库兹涅茨曲线及影响因素[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012(8):37-43.
[18]龚健健,沈可挺.中国高耗能产业及其环境污染的区域分布[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2011(2):20-51.
[19]Bagliani M,Bravo G,Dalmazzone S.Aconsumption-based approach to environmental Kuznets curves using the ecological footprint indicator[J].Ecological Economics,2008:650-661.
[20]Richard T C,Jeon Y,Donald R M.The relationship between air pollution emissions and income:US Data[J].Environment and Development Economics,1997,(4):433-450.
[21]Cropper M,Griffith C.The Interaction of Population Growth and Environmental Quality[J].American Economic Review,1994,84:250-254.
[22]徐胜,王晓惠,宋维玲,等.环渤海地区经济增长与环境污染关系分析---基于环境库兹涅茨曲线[J].海洋通报,2011,(6):601-606.
[23]赵昕,吴曼华,王涛.金融发展与城乡收入差距动态关系的实证检验[J].统计与决策,2016(14):122-125.