里下河腹部区河道水源地水质生态净化效果评估
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摘要
为保障盐龙湖工程长效稳定运行及区域供水安全,依据2009—2016年江苏省里下河腹部河网区河道型饮用水源地龙冈、盐城新、大纵湖、大冈和古殿堡等5个水功能区站点的监测资料,分析了DO、NH3-N、CODMn和TP等4个主要水质因子浓度变化趋势;结合盐龙湖工程不同净化功能区的对应水质因子以及Chl-a指标变化,评估了水源地生态工程的水质净化效果以及存在问题。结果表明:不同水期河道型水源地水质差异较大,丰、平水期水质超标率明显高于枯水期,尤以丰水期DO及CODMn浓度超标率偏高;监测期间盐龙湖工程对蟒蛇河水源地水质总体有较好的净化效果,但在不同水期工程不同功能区对不同水质因子的净化效果存在较大差异;整体上工程对提升DO效果最好,但对CODMn的削减率偏低,同时,春、夏季出水Chl-a浓度偏高。
In order to ensure long-term and stable operation of the Yanlong Lake project and regional water supply safety,the change trends of 4 key water quality factors such as DO,NH3-N,CODMnand TP were analyzed,according to the monitoring data of water quality in 5 drinking water source areas( Longgang,Yancheng New,Dazong Lake,Dagang,Gu Dianbao) from2009 to 2016,in the Lixiahe River network region in northern Jiangsu province. Meanwhile,combined with the corresponding water quality factors and Chl-a index changes in different purification function areas of the Yanlong Lake Project,the water quality purification effect and existing problems of the ecological engineering in the source area were evaluated. The results indicate that the water quality in 5 water source areas is greatly diverse in different water periods. In high and flat water periods,the standard-exceeding rates of water quality are obviously higher than that in dry periods,especially for the factors of DO and CODMnin high periods,with the higher standard-exceeding rates. The Yanlong Lake Project generally has a better purification effect on the water quality of the source area of Mangshe River,but the purification effect of different water quality factors is different in different water periods and different functional areas. On the whole,the project has the best effect to enhance DO,but the reduction rate of CODMnis low,meanwhile,the concentration of Chl-a is high in spring and summer.
In order to ensure long-term and stable operation of the Yanlong Lake project and regional water supply safety,the change trends of 4 key water quality factors such as DO,NH3-N,CODMnand TP were analyzed,according to the monitoring data of water quality in 5 drinking water source areas( Longgang,Yancheng New,Dazong Lake,Dagang,Gu Dianbao) from2009 to 2016,in the Lixiahe River network region in northern Jiangsu province. Meanwhile,combined with the corresponding water quality factors and Chl-a index changes in different purification function areas of the Yanlong Lake Project,the water quality purification effect and existing problems of the ecological engineering in the source area were evaluated. The results indicate that the water quality in 5 water source areas is greatly diverse in different water periods. In high and flat water periods,the standard-exceeding rates of water quality are obviously higher than that in dry periods,especially for the factors of DO and CODMnin high periods,with the higher standard-exceeding rates. The Yanlong Lake Project generally has a better purification effect on the water quality of the source area of Mangshe River,but the purification effect of different water quality factors is different in different water periods and different functional areas. On the whole,the project has the best effect to enhance DO,but the reduction rate of CODMnis low,meanwhile,the concentration of Chl-a is high in spring and summer.
引文
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[13]于菁菁.基于湿地公园功能分区的植物景观设计研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2016:10-29.YU Jingjing. Plant Landscape Design Research Based on Wetland Park Function Division[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry,2016:10-29.
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[15]王汗,燕文明,吴挺峰,等.里下河区浅水湖泊表层沉积物营养盐溯源分析[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(10):149-152.WANG Han,YAN Wenming,WU Tingfeng,et al. Traceability analysis of nutrients in surface sediments of shallow lakes in Lixia River region[J]. Water Resources and Power,2017,35(10):149-152.
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[17]张文慧.水动力对太湖营养盐循环及藻类生长的影响[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,2017:12-35.ZHANG Wenhui. Effects of Hydrodynamics on Nutrient Cycling and Algal Growth in Tai Lake[D]. Beijing:Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,2017:12-35.
[2]陈煜权.河道型水源地水体原位生态净化工程研究——以小沿河为例[J].浙江水利科技,2012(4):15-17.CHEN Yuquan. Study on in-situ ecological purification technology for river-type water source[J]. Zhejiang Hydrotechnics,2012(4):15-17.
[3]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:216-219.Editorial Committee of Measure and Analysis of Water and Wastewater,China Environmental Protection Bureau. Measure and Analysis of Water and Wastewater[M]. 4thed. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2002:216-219.
[4]金相灿,刘树坤,章宗涉,等.中国湖泊环境:第1册[M].北京:海洋出版社,1995:95-187.JIN Xiangcan,LIU Shukun,ZHANG Zongshe,et al. China Lake Environment:Volume 1[M]. Beijing:Ocean Press,1995:95-187.
[5]成必新,郭萧,朱雪诞,等.盐龙湖富营养化防治关键技术探讨[J].中国水利,2013(14):20-22.CHENG Bixin,GUO Xiao,ZHU Xuedan,et al. Key technologies for eutrophication control in Yanlong Lake[J]. China Water Resources,2013(14):20-22.
[6]曹金玲,许其功,席北斗,等.我国湖泊富营养化效应区域差异性分析[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):1777-1783.CAO Jinling,XU Qigong,XI Beidou,et al. Regional heterogeneity of lake eutrophication effects in China[J]. Environmental Science,2012,33(6):1777-1783.
[7]夏霆,陈静,龙健,等.江苏省高宝湖区湖泊群富营养化特征分析[J].环境监控与预警,2016,8(4):40-45.XIA Ting,CHEN Jing,LONG Jian,et al. Characteristic analysis of eutrophication on lakes in Gaobao water resources division in Jiangsu Province[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2016,8(4):40-45.
[8]阮晓红,石晓丹,赵振华,等.苏州平原河网区浅水湖泊叶绿素a与环境因子的相关关系[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(5):556-562.RUAN Xiaohong,SHI Xiaodan,ZHAO Zhenhua,et al. Correlation between Chlorophyll-a concentration and environmental factors in shallow lakes in plain river network areas of Suzhou[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2008,20(5):556-562.
[9]LI R X,ZHU M Y,CHEN S,et al. Responses of phytoplankton on phosphate enrichment in microcosms[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2001,21(4):603-607.
[10]左倬,朱雪诞,胡伟,等.盐城蟒蛇河饮用水源原水水质及盐龙湖工程水质净化效果评价[J].环境污染与防治,2015,37(5):61-65,71.ZUO Zhuo,ZHU Xuedan,HU Wei,et al. Study on the quality characteristics of the raw water of the drinking water source,Mangshe River,Yancheng and the evaluation of the water quality purification effect of Yanlong Lake project[J]. Environmental Pollution&Control,2015,37(5):61-65,71.
[11]郑于聪,王晓昌,葛媛,等.不同复合人工湿地对高污染河流有机污染物的去除[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(6):2577-2581.ZHENG Yucong,WANG Xiaochang,GE Yuan,et al. Removal efficiency of organic pollutants from highly polluted river water with different hybrid constructed wetlands[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015,9(6):2577-2581.
[12]易礼陵.复合流人工湿地处理小城镇生活污水实验研究[D].开封:河南大学,2016:4-25.YI Liling. Experimental Study on Town Let Domestic Sewage Treatment with Integrated Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland[D]. Kaifeng:He'nan University,2016:4-25.
[13]于菁菁.基于湿地公园功能分区的植物景观设计研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2016:10-29.YU Jingjing. Plant Landscape Design Research Based on Wetland Park Function Division[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry,2016:10-29.
[14]王超,陈煜权,蔡丽婧,等.不同季节大型生态净化工程对原水氮素净化效果[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(8):3763-3767.WANG Chao,CHENG Yuquan,CAI Lijing,et al. Raw water nitrogen purification efficiency by large-scale ecological purification engineering in different seasons[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015,9(8):3763-3767.
[15]王汗,燕文明,吴挺峰,等.里下河区浅水湖泊表层沉积物营养盐溯源分析[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(10):149-152.WANG Han,YAN Wenming,WU Tingfeng,et al. Traceability analysis of nutrients in surface sediments of shallow lakes in Lixia River region[J]. Water Resources and Power,2017,35(10):149-152.
[16]许莉萍.人工湖泊水质演变规律及水环境调控研究[D].天津:天津大学,2016:8-41.XU Liping. Research on Evolution of Water Quality and Water Environmental Regulation in an Artificial Lake[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2016:8-41.
[17]张文慧.水动力对太湖营养盐循环及藻类生长的影响[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,2017:12-35.ZHANG Wenhui. Effects of Hydrodynamics on Nutrient Cycling and Algal Growth in Tai Lake[D]. Beijing:Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,2017:12-35.