恒流与恒负载放电测量超级电容器的静电容量
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摘要
结合典型的直流充放电曲线,对恒流放电法和恒负载放电法测量超级电容器静电容量的原理进行介绍,设计测量电路,并比较两种方法的测量结果。在恒流放电法中,静电容量随放电电流的增大而减小;在恒负载放电法中,静电容量随放电电阻的增大而增大,两种方法的测量结果具有一致性。恒流放电法简单可靠,但对放电电流的稳定性要求高,且只能在单一电流下进行测量;恒负载放电法测量速度快,且测量结果与放电电流大小无关。
The constant current discharge method and the constant load discharge method were used to measure the capacitance of supercapacitors. The principle and measurement circuit of the methods were introduced based on the typical voltage-time characteristics between capacitor terminals. Measurement results of the two methods were consistent. The calculated capacitance decreased when the discharge current was increased by constant current discharge method,while the capacitance increased when the discharge load increased by constant load discharge method. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods were analyzed. The constant current discharge method was simple and reliable but it had high requirements for the stability of discharging current. Furthermore,it measured the capacitance with only one single current. The constant load discharge method could implement fast measurement and the result was independent of the discharge current.
The constant current discharge method and the constant load discharge method were used to measure the capacitance of supercapacitors. The principle and measurement circuit of the methods were introduced based on the typical voltage-time characteristics between capacitor terminals. Measurement results of the two methods were consistent. The calculated capacitance decreased when the discharge current was increased by constant current discharge method,while the capacitance increased when the discharge load increased by constant load discharge method. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods were analyzed. The constant current discharge method was simple and reliable but it had high requirements for the stability of discharging current. Furthermore,it measured the capacitance with only one single current. The constant load discharge method could implement fast measurement and the result was independent of the discharge current.
引文
[1]顾帅,韦莉,张逸成,等.超级电容器不一致性研究现状及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(11):2 862-2 869.
[2]QC/T741-2014,车用超级电容器[S].
[3]IEC 62391-1-2015,Fixed Electric Double-layer Capacitors for Use in Electronic Equipment-Part 1:Generic Specification[S].
[4]冯建,许峰,李莉,等.恒负载放电测量超级电容器静电容量的方法[J].电子元件与材料,2016,35(9):88-91.
[5]于鹏,井天军,杨仁刚.超级电容动态容值测量与容值函数参数估计[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(3):169-174.
[6]JJF1059. 1-2012,测量不确定度评定与表示[S].
[2]QC/T741-2014,车用超级电容器[S].
[3]IEC 62391-1-2015,Fixed Electric Double-layer Capacitors for Use in Electronic Equipment-Part 1:Generic Specification[S].
[4]冯建,许峰,李莉,等.恒负载放电测量超级电容器静电容量的方法[J].电子元件与材料,2016,35(9):88-91.
[5]于鹏,井天军,杨仁刚.超级电容动态容值测量与容值函数参数估计[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(3):169-174.
[6]JJF1059. 1-2012,测量不确定度评定与表示[S].