超大跨度隧道围岩支护体系构件化设计方法及其应用研究
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摘要
为解决超大跨度隧道围岩和支护结构的稳定性问题,实现支护结构设计的定量化,根据初始地应力对围岩承载拱受力的影响,得到围岩受力最优的开挖轮廓线形状,提出围岩支护结构体系构件化设计方法,即将隧道周边一定范围内的围岩圈作为一个拱形结构进行强度、刚度和稳定性计算,进而设计锚杆、锚索、喷射混凝土和衬砌等支护结构。围岩支护结构体系构件化设计方法成功应用于京张高铁八达岭长城站超大跨隧道的设计中。实践表明,在采用该方法设计的支护结构体系作用下,大跨段拱顶最大累计沉降仅为17. 3 mm,拱顶相对下沉仅为0. 09%,能够满足工程安全需要。
In order to guarantee the stability of surrounding rock and support structure of super-large span tunnel and realize quantification of support structure design,the optimal excavation contour line shape is obtained based on study of influence of initial ground stress on bearing arch of surrounding rock; a new quantitative design method,in which the surrounding rock is regarded as an arch structure,bolts,cables,shotcrete and lining are designed to satisfy the intensity,rigidity and stability of the arch structure,is presented to design the support structure system. The method has been successfully applied to super-large span tunnel of Badaling Great Wall Station on Beijing-Zhangjiajie High-speed Railway; and the applicable results show that the maximum accumulative settlement of crown top of large-span section is only 17. 3 mm,and the relative subsidence of crown top is only 0. 09%,which can meet safety requirements.
In order to guarantee the stability of surrounding rock and support structure of super-large span tunnel and realize quantification of support structure design,the optimal excavation contour line shape is obtained based on study of influence of initial ground stress on bearing arch of surrounding rock; a new quantitative design method,in which the surrounding rock is regarded as an arch structure,bolts,cables,shotcrete and lining are designed to satisfy the intensity,rigidity and stability of the arch structure,is presented to design the support structure system. The method has been successfully applied to super-large span tunnel of Badaling Great Wall Station on Beijing-Zhangjiajie High-speed Railway; and the applicable results show that the maximum accumulative settlement of crown top of large-span section is only 17. 3 mm,and the relative subsidence of crown top is only 0. 09%,which can meet safety requirements.
引文
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[15]台启民,张顶立,王剑晨.软弱破碎围岩高铁隧道压力拱演化规律分析[J].北京交通大学学报,2015,39(6):62.TAI Qimin,ZHANG Dingli,WANG Jianchen. Analysis on pressure arch evolution law of high-speed railway tunnel under unfavourable rock conditions[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2015,39(6):62.
[16]王平,朱永建,余伟健,等.深部软岩巷道等应力承载拱强度理论研究[J].矿业工程研究,2012,27(4):17.WANG Ping, ZHU Yongjian, YU Weijian, et al.Theoretical study of equal stress load-bearing arch strength of deep soft rock roadway[J]. Research on Mining Engineering,2012,27(4):17.
[2]覃庆通.大跨度连拱隧道支护体系的现场监测及数值模拟[J].现代交通技术,2014,11(1):54.QIN Qingtong. In-situ monitoring and numerical simulation on supporting system of large-span tunnel with multi-arch[J]. Modern Transportation Technology,2014,11(1):54.
[3]陈远志.大跨度隧道围岩及支护体系受力特征研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2013.CHEN Yuanzhi. Study on the stress characteristics of large span tunnel surrounding rock and supporting system[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science and Technology,2013.
[4]柴柏龙,李晓红,卢义玉,等.大跨度隧道围岩-支护体系稳定性分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(3):510.CHAI Bolong, LI Xiaohong, LU Yiyu, et al. Stability analysis of surrounding rock-supports structure of large-span tunnels[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2009(3):510.
[5]谭忠盛,孟德鑫,石新栋,等.大跨小间距黄土隧道支护体系及施工方法研究[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(11):82.TAN Zhongsheng,MENG Dexin,SHI Xindong,et al. Study of support system and construction method of large-section small spacing tunnel in loess[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015(11):82.
[6]刘宝超,张兵兵.超大跨度隧道开挖方法与支护体系优化分析[J].中国市政工程,2014(5):72.LIU Baochao,ZHANG Bingbing. Optimization and analysis of excavation methods and supporting systems of super-large span tunnel[J]. China Municipal Engineering,2014(5):72.
[7]刘建友,赵勇,李鹏飞.隧道围岩变形的尺寸效应研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(8):2165.LIU Jianyou,ZHAO Yong,LI Pengfei. Study of size effect of deformation of rockmass surrounding tunnel[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(8):2165.
[8]喻波,王呼佳.压力拱理论及隧道埋深划分方法研究[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.YU Bo,WANG Hujia. Study on the theory of pressure arch and the method of dividing the buried depth of the tunnel[M]. Beijing:China Railway Press,2008.
[9]卿伟宸,章慧健,朱勇.基于压力拱理论的大跨度隧道深浅埋划分研究[J].石家庄铁道大学学报(自然科学版),2013,26(增刊2):227.QING Weichen,ZHANG Huijian,ZHU Yong. Study of pressure calculation of surrounding rock based on pressure arch theory[J]. Journal of Shijiazhuang Railway lnstitute(Natural Science Edition),2013(26):227.
[10]宋玉香,张亚辉,刘勇.基于压力拱理论的围岩压力计算研究[J].防灾减灾学报,2017,33(2):45.SONG Yuxiang,ZHANG Yahui,LIU Yong. Calculation of the surrounding rock pressure based on pressure arch theory[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Reduction,2017(2):45.
[11]吕钊.基于压力拱理论及应力释放率的隧道围岩稳定性研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.LYU Zhao. Study on stability of tunnel surrounding rock based on pressure arch theory and stress release rate[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,2015.
[12]朱克常.软弱围岩既有隧道上方挖方及填方对承载拱效应影响分析[J].交通世界,2017(25):72.ZHU Kechang. Soft rock tunnel excavation and embankment of above bearing arch effect analysis[J]. Transpo World,2017(25):72.
[13]罗伟.隧道开挖方法与其压力拱高度研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.LUO Wei. Study of tunnel excavation method and its pressure arch height[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2016.
[14]郑康成,丁文其,金威,等.特大断面隧道分步施工动态压力拱分析研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(增刊1):72.ZHENG Kangcheng, DING Wenqi, JIN Wei, et al.Experimental and numerical study of staged construction pressure arch of super large section tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015(S1):72.
[15]台启民,张顶立,王剑晨.软弱破碎围岩高铁隧道压力拱演化规律分析[J].北京交通大学学报,2015,39(6):62.TAI Qimin,ZHANG Dingli,WANG Jianchen. Analysis on pressure arch evolution law of high-speed railway tunnel under unfavourable rock conditions[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2015,39(6):62.
[16]王平,朱永建,余伟健,等.深部软岩巷道等应力承载拱强度理论研究[J].矿业工程研究,2012,27(4):17.WANG Ping, ZHU Yongjian, YU Weijian, et al.Theoretical study of equal stress load-bearing arch strength of deep soft rock roadway[J]. Research on Mining Engineering,2012,27(4):17.