基于应变能的结构冗余度分析
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摘要
为了保证结构体系在发生初始损伤后仍能安全地工作,在结构的设计阶段常常需要对初始设计进行优化。本文对一个桁架桥梁进行建模分析,采用应变能指标计算桁架桥梁模型在工况荷载作用下定义初始损伤前后各构件的构件层面的冗余度以及构件在体系层面的冗余度。构件层面的冗余度反映了构件在工况荷载下自身的安全程度,构件在体系层面的冗余度反映了构件在体系中的重要程度。通过有限元软件分析桁架模型这两个冗余度指标。分析结果表明,在易发生初始损伤的构件中有相互对称的两个构件在定义初始损伤后结构体系将发生连续倒塌。根据冗余度分析结果增加失效路径上的构件截面面积来阻止桁架体系的连续倒塌破坏。对优化设计后的桁架再次进行冗余度分析,分析结果表明易发生初始损伤的构件定义初始损伤后结构体系不再发生连续倒塌。当结构体系中某些构件的初始损伤不可避免时,可以通过加强失效路径中的杆件来阻止结构体系的连续倒塌破坏,从而优化了结构的设计。
In order to ensure that the structural system can still work safely after the initial damage occurs, the initial design often needs to be optimized during the design stage of the structure. A truss bridge is modeled and analyzed, adopting the strain energy index to calculate the truss bridge model to define the component level and system level redundancies of each component before and after the initial damage under the action of load conditions. The redundancy of the component level has reflected its own safety degree under the load of the case. Moreover, the redundancy of the component in the system level has reflected the importance of the component in the system through analyzing the truss model with the finite element software. The analysis results show that among the components easily to get initial damaged, structural system of two symmetrical components will collapse continuously after the initial damage is defined. According to the results of redundancy analysis, the cross-sectional area in the failure path is increased to prevent the continuous collapsing failure of the truss system. The results of the optimal designed truss redundancy analysis show that the components easily to get initial damaged will not collapse continuously after the initial damage is defined. When the initial damage of some components in the structure is unavoidable, the structure design can be optimized by strengthening the rod piece in the failure path to prevent the continuous collapse and damage of the structural system.
In order to ensure that the structural system can still work safely after the initial damage occurs, the initial design often needs to be optimized during the design stage of the structure. A truss bridge is modeled and analyzed, adopting the strain energy index to calculate the truss bridge model to define the component level and system level redundancies of each component before and after the initial damage under the action of load conditions. The redundancy of the component level has reflected its own safety degree under the load of the case. Moreover, the redundancy of the component in the system level has reflected the importance of the component in the system through analyzing the truss model with the finite element software. The analysis results show that among the components easily to get initial damaged, structural system of two symmetrical components will collapse continuously after the initial damage is defined. According to the results of redundancy analysis, the cross-sectional area in the failure path is increased to prevent the continuous collapsing failure of the truss system. The results of the optimal designed truss redundancy analysis show that the components easily to get initial damaged will not collapse continuously after the initial damage is defined. When the initial damage of some components in the structure is unavoidable, the structure design can be optimized by strengthening the rod piece in the failure path to prevent the continuous collapse and damage of the structural system.
引文
[1] 聂建华.基于冗余度理论的结构抗震性能研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2015Nie Jian-hua. Research of Seismic Performance Based on the Theory of Redundancy [D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2015(in Chinese)
[2] 王卫东,王建华.深基坑支护结构与主体结构相结合的设计分析与实例[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007Wang Wei-dong, Wang Jian-hua. Design Analysis and Example of Deep Foundation Pit Supporting Structure and Main Body Structure [M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2007(in Chinese)
[3] 邹琼.考虑冗余度的基坑支护设计研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012,1～4Zou Qiong. Research of Foundation Pit Bracing Design Considering Redundancy [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2012, 1～4(in Chinese)
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[6] Ghali A, Tadros G. Bridge Progressive Collapse Vulnerability[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,1997,123(2):227～231
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[8] McGuire W. Prevention of Progressive Collapse[A]. Proceedings of the Regional Conference on Tall Buildings[C]. Bangkok: Asian Institute of Technology,1974
[9] Mark Loizeaux, Andrew E N Osborn. Progressive Collapse-An Implosion Contractor’s Stock in Trade[J]. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities,2006,20(4):391～402
[10] 高杨,刘西拉.结构鲁棒性评价中的构件重要性系数[J].岩土力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2575～2584Gao Yang, Liu Xi-la. Importance Coefficients of Components in Evaluation of Structure Robustness [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2575～2584(in Chinese)
[11] 贡金鑫,魏巍巍.工程结构可靠性设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007Gong Jin-xin, Wei Wei-wei. Design Principles of Engineering Structure Reliability [M]. Beijing,:Mechanical Industry Press, 2007(in Chinese)
[12] ASCE 7～05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures,2005
[13] 蔡建国,王蜂岚,冯健.大跨空间结构抗连续性倒塌概念设计[J].建筑结构学报,2010,(S1):283～287Cai Jian-guo, Wang Feng-lan, Feng Jian. Concept Design of Progressive Collapse for Long-span Space Structures [J]. Journal of Building Structures,2010,(S1):283～287(in Chinese)
[14] 贾金刚,徐迎,石磊.关于“连续性倒塌”定义的探讨[J].爆破,2008,25(1):22～24Jia Jin-gang, Xu Ying, Shi Lei. Discussion on “Progressive Collapse” Definition [J]. BLASTING,2008,25(1):22～24(in Chinese)
[15] 李航.钢结构高塔的连续性倒塌分析[D].上海:同济大学,2008 Li Hang. Continuous Collapse Analysis of Steel Structure Towers [D]. Shanghai: Tongji University,2008(in Chinese)
[16] 王晶,高磊,薛玉明,石磊,李青狮.关于国外抗连续性倒塌设计规范的研究[J].爆破,2009,(S1):37～42Wang Jing, Gao Lei, Xue Yu-ming, Shi Lei, Li Qing-shi. Study on Foreign Progressive Collapse Criteria [J]. Blasting, 2009,(S1):37～42
[17] 江晓峰,陈以一.建筑结构连续性倒塌及其控制设计的研究现状[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(6):1～8Jiang Xiao-feng, Chen Yi-yi. A Review on the Progressive Collapse and Control Design of Building Structures [J], China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(6):1～8(in Chinese)
[18] 王海旭.深基坑支护体系的冗余度设计理论[D].天津:天津大学,2011Wang Hai-xu. Redundancy Design Theory of Deep Foundation Pit Support System [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University,2011(in Chinese)
[2] 王卫东,王建华.深基坑支护结构与主体结构相结合的设计分析与实例[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007Wang Wei-dong, Wang Jian-hua. Design Analysis and Example of Deep Foundation Pit Supporting Structure and Main Body Structure [M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2007(in Chinese)
[3] 邹琼.考虑冗余度的基坑支护设计研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012,1～4Zou Qiong. Research of Foundation Pit Bracing Design Considering Redundancy [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2012, 1～4(in Chinese)
[4] Starossek U. Typology of Progressive Collapse.Engineering Structures,2007,29(9):2302～2307
[5] 于刚.结构易损性分析及其在桥梁健康监测中的应用[D].上海:同济大学,2009,19～58Yu Gang. Research of Foundation Pit Bracing Design Considering Redundancy [D]. Shanghai: Tongji University,2009,19～58(in Chinese)
[6] Ghali A, Tadros G. Bridge Progressive Collapse Vulnerability[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering,1997,123(2):227～231
[7] Blandford G E. Review of Progressive Failure Analyses for Truss structures[J]. Journal of Stuctural Engineering,1997,123(2):122～129
[8] McGuire W. Prevention of Progressive Collapse[A]. Proceedings of the Regional Conference on Tall Buildings[C]. Bangkok: Asian Institute of Technology,1974
[9] Mark Loizeaux, Andrew E N Osborn. Progressive Collapse-An Implosion Contractor’s Stock in Trade[J]. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities,2006,20(4):391～402
[10] 高杨,刘西拉.结构鲁棒性评价中的构件重要性系数[J].岩土力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2575～2584Gao Yang, Liu Xi-la. Importance Coefficients of Components in Evaluation of Structure Robustness [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2575～2584(in Chinese)
[11] 贡金鑫,魏巍巍.工程结构可靠性设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007Gong Jin-xin, Wei Wei-wei. Design Principles of Engineering Structure Reliability [M]. Beijing,:Mechanical Industry Press, 2007(in Chinese)
[12] ASCE 7～05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures,2005
[13] 蔡建国,王蜂岚,冯健.大跨空间结构抗连续性倒塌概念设计[J].建筑结构学报,2010,(S1):283～287Cai Jian-guo, Wang Feng-lan, Feng Jian. Concept Design of Progressive Collapse for Long-span Space Structures [J]. Journal of Building Structures,2010,(S1):283～287(in Chinese)
[14] 贾金刚,徐迎,石磊.关于“连续性倒塌”定义的探讨[J].爆破,2008,25(1):22～24Jia Jin-gang, Xu Ying, Shi Lei. Discussion on “Progressive Collapse” Definition [J]. BLASTING,2008,25(1):22～24(in Chinese)
[15] 李航.钢结构高塔的连续性倒塌分析[D].上海:同济大学,2008 Li Hang. Continuous Collapse Analysis of Steel Structure Towers [D]. Shanghai: Tongji University,2008(in Chinese)
[16] 王晶,高磊,薛玉明,石磊,李青狮.关于国外抗连续性倒塌设计规范的研究[J].爆破,2009,(S1):37～42Wang Jing, Gao Lei, Xue Yu-ming, Shi Lei, Li Qing-shi. Study on Foreign Progressive Collapse Criteria [J]. Blasting, 2009,(S1):37～42
[17] 江晓峰,陈以一.建筑结构连续性倒塌及其控制设计的研究现状[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(6):1～8Jiang Xiao-feng, Chen Yi-yi. A Review on the Progressive Collapse and Control Design of Building Structures [J], China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(6):1～8(in Chinese)
[18] 王海旭.深基坑支护体系的冗余度设计理论[D].天津:天津大学,2011Wang Hai-xu. Redundancy Design Theory of Deep Foundation Pit Support System [D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University,2011(in Chinese)