加拿大阿萨巴斯卡Kinosis区域下白垩统McMurray组内河口湾复合点坝砂体构型解剖
|
摘要
河口湾可分为宽阔的外河口湾和较窄的内河口湾。内河口湾水动力条件表现为潮汐影响、河流主控的特征,主要发育点坝或者线状砂坝。加拿大阿萨巴斯卡Kinosis地区发育大量潮汐作用影响的复合点坝沉积,复合点坝内部构型研究直接影响油田的开发效果。基于该区测井及高品质三维地震(频带8~220 Hz,主频90 Hz)等资料,提出1套以解决油田开发问题为核心,基于以"轴变定界、样式定型、井点定面"为原则的内河口湾复合点坝砂体构型解剖方法,研究对象为达到地震可分辨尺度的"复合砂体"。通过岩心和地震相特征分析,刻画了不同级次构型单元内部沉积特征。利用倾角测井等资料,分析了侧积体和侧积层的规模及产状,实现了点坝内部构型解剖。结果表明,内河口湾点坝沉积发育倾斜非均质层(IHS)、生物扰动、泥砾等指示潮汐作用的沉积现象;侧积体倾斜角度为8°~12°,单一侧积体宽度为55~200 m。通过复合砂体构型解剖,明确了构型单元内部隔夹层和层内水层的分布与构型单元的组合有直接关系,提出了针对单一河道单元部署井网的策略。
The estuary can be divided into widely outer estuary and narrowly inner estuary. The area of inner estuary was dominated by fluvial currents and influenced by tides,where the point bars and linear bars were developed. The tidal influenced compound point-bars were well developed in Kinosis area,Athabasca. Architecture of the compound point bars influenced the production effects of oilfield. Based on the log data and high quality 3 D seismic(bandwidth 8-220 Hz),a set of compound point-bar sandbodyanalysis method was put forward and the spatial distribution of compound bars were characterized. Through the core and analysis of seismic facies,internal sedimentary characteristics of the architectural units in different hierarchy were depicted. Using the dip log data,the size and occurrence of the lateral accretions were analysis and the anatomy of the internal point-bars were conducted. The results show: the inclined heterogenetic stratification(IHS),bioturbation and mud breccias were developed in inner estuary which were the marks of the tide. The mud plug breccias and seismic facies can help us to recognize the compound point bars. The dip angle of the lateral accretions are 8°-12° and the width are 55-200 m. The results of the compound point-bars were applied in prediction of interlayer and intralayer water saturation,production plan design,and optimization.
The estuary can be divided into widely outer estuary and narrowly inner estuary. The area of inner estuary was dominated by fluvial currents and influenced by tides,where the point bars and linear bars were developed. The tidal influenced compound point-bars were well developed in Kinosis area,Athabasca. Architecture of the compound point bars influenced the production effects of oilfield. Based on the log data and high quality 3 D seismic(bandwidth 8-220 Hz),a set of compound point-bar sandbodyanalysis method was put forward and the spatial distribution of compound bars were characterized. Through the core and analysis of seismic facies,internal sedimentary characteristics of the architectural units in different hierarchy were depicted. Using the dip log data,the size and occurrence of the lateral accretions were analysis and the anatomy of the internal point-bars were conducted. The results show: the inclined heterogenetic stratification(IHS),bioturbation and mud breccias were developed in inner estuary which were the marks of the tide. The mud plug breccias and seismic facies can help us to recognize the compound point bars. The dip angle of the lateral accretions are 8°-12° and the width are 55-200 m. The results of the compound point-bars were applied in prediction of interlayer and intralayer water saturation,production plan design,and optimization.
引文
胡光义,范廷恩,梁旭,宋来明,井涌泉,陈飞,肖大坤.2018.河流相储集层复合砂体构型概念体系、表征方法及其在渤海油田开发中的应用探索.中国海上油气,30(1):89-98.[Hu G Y,Fan T E,Liang X,Song L M,Jing Y Q,Chen F,Xiao D K.2018.Concept system and characterization method of compound sandbody architecture in fluvial reservoir and its application exploration in development of Bohai oilfield.China Offshore Oil and Gas,30(1):89-98]
胡元现,Chan M,Bharatha S,Gurba G,Lee D,Papadimitrio S.2004.西加拿大盆地油砂储集层中的泥夹层特征.地球科学:中国地质大学学报,29(5):550-554.[Hu Y X,Chan M,Bharatha S,Gurba G,Lee D,Papadimitrio S.2004.Mudstone Interbeds in Mc Murray Oil Sand Reservoir in Alberta,Canada.Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,29(5):550-554]
刘俊勇.2014.珠江河口复杂三角洲与多口门水域潮流运动整体模拟技术研究及应用.水运工程,(8):41-45.[Liu J Y.2014.Research and application of simulation technology“Pearl River Delta and more complex waters of tidal current”.Port&Waterway Engineering,(8):41-45]
时翠,甘华阳,马胜中,夏真,林进清.2015.晚更新世以来内伶仃洋河口湾的地层层序和沉积演化.海洋地质前沿,31(10):8-18.[Shi C,Gan H Y,Ma S Z,Xia Z,Lin J Q.2015.Late Quaternary E-volution and sequence stratigraphy of the LingdingYang Eatuary in South China.Marine Geology Frontier,31(10):8-18]
吴贤涛,张国成,吴渤,王磊.2014.东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组三段河口湾沉积亚相之沉积学与痕迹学识别与油气储集层.沉积学报,32(4):744-753.[Wu X T,Zhang G C,Wu B,Wang L.2014.Sedimentological and Ichnological Recognition of Estuarine Subfacies and Its Reservoir Implications in Palaeogene ShaheJie Formation from subdivision three Dongpu depression,Henan,China.Aata Sedimentologica Sinica,32(4):744-753]
殷鹏飞,柳广弟,刘成林,李浩涵,刘文平,刘迎歧.2011.阿尔伯达盆地北极之光项目区块油砂层沉积样式.石油与天然气地质,32(6):807-814.[Yin P F,Liu G D,Liu C L,Li H H,Liu W Pand Liu Y Q.2011.Depositional patterns of oil sand layer in Northern Lights block,Alberta Basin,Canada.Oil&Gas Geology,32(6):807-814]
岳大力,吴胜和,刘建民.2007.曲流河点坝地下储集层构型精细解剖方法.石油学报,28(4):99-103.[Yue D L,Wu S H,Liu JM.2007.An accurate method for anatomizing architecture of subsurface reservoir in point bar of meandering river.Acta Petrolei Sinica,28(4):99-103]
岳大力,吴胜和,谭河清,余地云,姜香云,刘世斌.2008.曲流河古河道储集层构型精细解剖:以孤东油田七区西馆陶组为例.地学前缘,15(1):101-109.[Yue D L,Wu S H,Tan H Q,Yu D Y,Jiang X Y,Liu S B.2008.An anatomy of paleochannel reservoir architecture of meandering river reservoir:A case study of Guantao formation,the west 7th block of Gudong oil field.Earth Science Frontiers,15(1):101-109]
于兴河.2008.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学.北京:石油工业出版社,265.[Yu X H.2008.Clastic Petroleum Reservoir Sedimentology.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,265]
赵鹏飞,王勇,李志明,武静.2013.加拿大阿尔伯达盆地油砂开发状况和评价实践.地质科技情报,32(1):155-162.[Zhao P F,Wang Y,Li Z M,Wu J.2013.Oil Sand development status and evaluation practice in Alberta Basin,Canada.Geological Science and Technology Information,32(1):155-162]
赵霞飞,胡东风,张闻林,张银德,唐波,林杭杰.2013.四川盆地元坝地区上三叠统须家河组的潮控河口湾与潮控三角洲沉积.地质学报,87(11):1748-1762.[Zhao X F,Hu D F,Zhang W L,Zhang Y D,Tang B,Lin H J.2013.Tide-Dominated Estuarine and deltaic deposition of the Upper-triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Yuanba Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,87(11):1748-1762]
张昌民.1989.IHS-河流沉积学中具有划时代意义的新名词.地球科学进展,4(2):47-52.[Zhang C M.1989.IHS-some landmark new term in river sedimentology.Advance in Earth Science,4(2):47-52]
Jeletzky J A.1971.Marine Cretaceous biotic provinces and paleogeography of western and Arctic Canada.Geological Survey of Canada Paper:70-22,92.
Langenberg C W,Hein F J,Lawton D,Cunningham J.2002.Seismic modeling of fluvial-estuarine deposits in the Athabasca oil sands using ray-tracing techniques,Steepbank River area,northeastern Alberta.Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,50(1):178-204.
Mossop G D,Flach P D.1983.Deep channel sedimentation in the Lower Cretaceous Mc Murray Formation,Athabasca oil sands,Alberta.Sedimentology,30(4):493-509.
Mellon G B,Wall J H.1956.Foraminifera of the upper Mc Murray and basal Clearwater formations,in geology of the Mc Murray Formation:Part 1.Research Council of Alberta Report,72:5-29.
Miall A D.1988.Architectural elements and bounding surfaces in fluvial deposits:Anatomy of the Kayenta Formation(Lower Jurassic),Southwest Colorado.Sedimentary Geology,55(3-4):233-240,247-262.
Smith D G.1987.Meandering river point bar lithofacies models:Modern and ancient examples compared.SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology,39:83-91.
Stephen M H,Derald G S,Haley N.2011.Seismic geomorphology and sedimentology of a tidally influenced river deposit,Lower Cretaceous Athabasca oil sands,Alberta,Canada.AAPG,95(7):1123-1145.
Li S L,Li S L,Yu X H.2017.Classification,formation,and transport mechanisms of mud clasts.International Geology Review,59(12):1609-1620.
Wightman D M,Pemberton S G.1997.The Lower Cretaceous(Aptian)Mc Murray Formation:An overview of the Fort Mc Murray area,northeastern Alberta.In Pemberton S G,James D P(eds.).Petroleum geology of the Cretaceous Mannville Group,western Canada.Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir,18:312-344.
胡元现,Chan M,Bharatha S,Gurba G,Lee D,Papadimitrio S.2004.西加拿大盆地油砂储集层中的泥夹层特征.地球科学:中国地质大学学报,29(5):550-554.[Hu Y X,Chan M,Bharatha S,Gurba G,Lee D,Papadimitrio S.2004.Mudstone Interbeds in Mc Murray Oil Sand Reservoir in Alberta,Canada.Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,29(5):550-554]
刘俊勇.2014.珠江河口复杂三角洲与多口门水域潮流运动整体模拟技术研究及应用.水运工程,(8):41-45.[Liu J Y.2014.Research and application of simulation technology“Pearl River Delta and more complex waters of tidal current”.Port&Waterway Engineering,(8):41-45]
时翠,甘华阳,马胜中,夏真,林进清.2015.晚更新世以来内伶仃洋河口湾的地层层序和沉积演化.海洋地质前沿,31(10):8-18.[Shi C,Gan H Y,Ma S Z,Xia Z,Lin J Q.2015.Late Quaternary E-volution and sequence stratigraphy of the LingdingYang Eatuary in South China.Marine Geology Frontier,31(10):8-18]
吴贤涛,张国成,吴渤,王磊.2014.东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组三段河口湾沉积亚相之沉积学与痕迹学识别与油气储集层.沉积学报,32(4):744-753.[Wu X T,Zhang G C,Wu B,Wang L.2014.Sedimentological and Ichnological Recognition of Estuarine Subfacies and Its Reservoir Implications in Palaeogene ShaheJie Formation from subdivision three Dongpu depression,Henan,China.Aata Sedimentologica Sinica,32(4):744-753]
殷鹏飞,柳广弟,刘成林,李浩涵,刘文平,刘迎歧.2011.阿尔伯达盆地北极之光项目区块油砂层沉积样式.石油与天然气地质,32(6):807-814.[Yin P F,Liu G D,Liu C L,Li H H,Liu W Pand Liu Y Q.2011.Depositional patterns of oil sand layer in Northern Lights block,Alberta Basin,Canada.Oil&Gas Geology,32(6):807-814]
岳大力,吴胜和,刘建民.2007.曲流河点坝地下储集层构型精细解剖方法.石油学报,28(4):99-103.[Yue D L,Wu S H,Liu JM.2007.An accurate method for anatomizing architecture of subsurface reservoir in point bar of meandering river.Acta Petrolei Sinica,28(4):99-103]
岳大力,吴胜和,谭河清,余地云,姜香云,刘世斌.2008.曲流河古河道储集层构型精细解剖:以孤东油田七区西馆陶组为例.地学前缘,15(1):101-109.[Yue D L,Wu S H,Tan H Q,Yu D Y,Jiang X Y,Liu S B.2008.An anatomy of paleochannel reservoir architecture of meandering river reservoir:A case study of Guantao formation,the west 7th block of Gudong oil field.Earth Science Frontiers,15(1):101-109]
于兴河.2008.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学.北京:石油工业出版社,265.[Yu X H.2008.Clastic Petroleum Reservoir Sedimentology.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,265]
赵鹏飞,王勇,李志明,武静.2013.加拿大阿尔伯达盆地油砂开发状况和评价实践.地质科技情报,32(1):155-162.[Zhao P F,Wang Y,Li Z M,Wu J.2013.Oil Sand development status and evaluation practice in Alberta Basin,Canada.Geological Science and Technology Information,32(1):155-162]
赵霞飞,胡东风,张闻林,张银德,唐波,林杭杰.2013.四川盆地元坝地区上三叠统须家河组的潮控河口湾与潮控三角洲沉积.地质学报,87(11):1748-1762.[Zhao X F,Hu D F,Zhang W L,Zhang Y D,Tang B,Lin H J.2013.Tide-Dominated Estuarine and deltaic deposition of the Upper-triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Yuanba Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,87(11):1748-1762]
张昌民.1989.IHS-河流沉积学中具有划时代意义的新名词.地球科学进展,4(2):47-52.[Zhang C M.1989.IHS-some landmark new term in river sedimentology.Advance in Earth Science,4(2):47-52]
Jeletzky J A.1971.Marine Cretaceous biotic provinces and paleogeography of western and Arctic Canada.Geological Survey of Canada Paper:70-22,92.
Langenberg C W,Hein F J,Lawton D,Cunningham J.2002.Seismic modeling of fluvial-estuarine deposits in the Athabasca oil sands using ray-tracing techniques,Steepbank River area,northeastern Alberta.Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,50(1):178-204.
Mossop G D,Flach P D.1983.Deep channel sedimentation in the Lower Cretaceous Mc Murray Formation,Athabasca oil sands,Alberta.Sedimentology,30(4):493-509.
Mellon G B,Wall J H.1956.Foraminifera of the upper Mc Murray and basal Clearwater formations,in geology of the Mc Murray Formation:Part 1.Research Council of Alberta Report,72:5-29.
Miall A D.1988.Architectural elements and bounding surfaces in fluvial deposits:Anatomy of the Kayenta Formation(Lower Jurassic),Southwest Colorado.Sedimentary Geology,55(3-4):233-240,247-262.
Smith D G.1987.Meandering river point bar lithofacies models:Modern and ancient examples compared.SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology,39:83-91.
Stephen M H,Derald G S,Haley N.2011.Seismic geomorphology and sedimentology of a tidally influenced river deposit,Lower Cretaceous Athabasca oil sands,Alberta,Canada.AAPG,95(7):1123-1145.
Li S L,Li S L,Yu X H.2017.Classification,formation,and transport mechanisms of mud clasts.International Geology Review,59(12):1609-1620.
Wightman D M,Pemberton S G.1997.The Lower Cretaceous(Aptian)Mc Murray Formation:An overview of the Fort Mc Murray area,northeastern Alberta.In Pemberton S G,James D P(eds.).Petroleum geology of the Cretaceous Mannville Group,western Canada.Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir,18:312-344.