基于频率响应二值化图像的变压器绕组变形故障诊断方法
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摘要
为了弥补现有频率响应分析法在检测变压器绕组变形故障时仅分析处理幅频特性曲线的变化而忽略相频特性曲线信息的缺陷,提出了一种基于频率响应二值化图像的绕组变形故障诊断方法。首先对该方法的基本原理进行了介绍,给出了绕组变形故障诊断流程;然后搭建了变压器绕组变形模拟试验平台开展3类典型故障试验测试,将实测频率响应的幅频特性和相频特性转换为极坐标图像,利用数字图像处理技术获得了图像相关度诊断指标和判据;最后分析了大型电力变压器的实测案例。试验结果显示:典型故障绕组对应诊断指标在3维空间分布呈现出分类和聚集特性,可用于识别绕组故障;并且,诊断判据可实现电力变压器的绕组故障有无的诊断。分析结论表明,所提方法比传统频率响应法在诊断灵敏度方面更具优势。
When the existing frequency response method is used for detecting transformer winding deformation faults,only the variation of amplitude-frequency characteristic signature is analyzed and processed, and the information of phase-frequency characteristic signature is neglected. In order to make up for the above shortcoming, we propose a method for diagnosing transformer winding deformation faults based on frequency response binary image. The basic principle of this method is introduced, and the diagnostic process of winding deformation fault is provided. The test platform of emulating transformer winding deformation is then established to perform 3 kinds of typical fault experiments,the amplitude-frequency characteristic and phase-frequency characteristic of measured frequency response are converted into polar plot, and the digital image processing technique is used to obtain the image correlation diagnostic indicator and criterion. Finally, the measurement cases of large power transformer are analyzed. The test result shows that the distribution of diagnostic indicators corresponding to the typical faults show classifying and clustering characteristics in a three-dimensional space, which can be used for winding fault identification. Besides, diagnostic criteria can be used to diagnose the winding faults of power transformers. The analysis conclusion indicates that the proposed method has an advantage over the common frequency response analysis method in aspect of diagnostic sensitivity.
When the existing frequency response method is used for detecting transformer winding deformation faults,only the variation of amplitude-frequency characteristic signature is analyzed and processed, and the information of phase-frequency characteristic signature is neglected. In order to make up for the above shortcoming, we propose a method for diagnosing transformer winding deformation faults based on frequency response binary image. The basic principle of this method is introduced, and the diagnostic process of winding deformation fault is provided. The test platform of emulating transformer winding deformation is then established to perform 3 kinds of typical fault experiments,the amplitude-frequency characteristic and phase-frequency characteristic of measured frequency response are converted into polar plot, and the digital image processing technique is used to obtain the image correlation diagnostic indicator and criterion. Finally, the measurement cases of large power transformer are analyzed. The test result shows that the distribution of diagnostic indicators corresponding to the typical faults show classifying and clustering characteristics in a three-dimensional space, which can be used for winding fault identification. Besides, diagnostic criteria can be used to diagnose the winding faults of power transformers. The analysis conclusion indicates that the proposed method has an advantage over the common frequency response analysis method in aspect of diagnostic sensitivity.
引文
[1]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al.Analyzing the short-circuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.
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[8]王昕,刘伟家,郑益慧,等.基于超声波技术的绕组变形3维成像检测装置设计[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):4054-4059.WANG Xin,LIU Weijia,ZHENG Yihui,et al.Design of 3D imaging winding deformation detection device based on ultrasonic method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):4054-4059.
[9]朱佼佼,陈特放,付强,等.一种新的交流机车主变压器绕组状态在线监测方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(8):2280-2288.ZHU Jiaojiao,CHEN Tefang,FU Qiang,et al.A new online status monitoring method for the windings of AC locomotive main transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(8):2280-2288.
[10]ABU-SIADA A,ISLAM S M.A novel online technique to detect power transformer winding faults[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(2):849-857.
[11]LAVRINOVICH V A,MYTNIKOV A V.Development of pulsed method for diagnostics of transformer windings based on short probe impulse[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(4):2041-2045.
[12]许渊,弓艳朋,刘有为,等.变压器绕组频率响应数据的图块频点分析法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(6):91-97.XU Yuan,GONG Yanpeng,LIU Youwei,et al.Transformer winding frequency response data analysis with block frequency point method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(6):91-97.
[13]Power transformers-part 18:measurement of frequency response:IEC60076-18 Ed.1.0[S],2012.
[14]电力行业高压试验技术标准化技术委员会.电力变压器绕组变形的频率响应分析法:DL/T911-2004[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.High Voltage Test Technology Standardization Technical Committee of Electric Power Industry.Frequency response analysis on winding deformation of power transformers:DL/T 911-2004[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004.
[15]BAGHERI M,NADERI M S,BLACKBURN T,et al.Frequency response analysis and short-circuit impedance measurement in detection of winding deformation within power transformers[J].IEEEElectrical Insulation Magazine,2013,29(3):33-40.
[16]宋慧欣,张义华,李皓然,等.极坐标图像法用于检测变压器绕组的微小辐向变形故障[J].电测与仪表,2018,55(3):25-30.SONG Huixin,ZHANG Yihua,LI Haoran,et al.Polar image method used for detecting the minor radial deformation fault of transformer winding[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2018,55(3):25-30.
[17]BEHJAT V,VAHEDI A,SETAYESHMEHR A,et al.Diagnosing shorted turns on the windings of power transformers based upon online FRA using capacitive and inductive couplings[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(4):2123-2133.
[18]郭谋发,刘世丹,杨耿杰.利用时频谱相似度识别的配电线路接地选线方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):183-190.GUO Moufa,LIU Shidan,YANG Gengjie.A novel approach to detect fault lines in distribution network using similarity recognition based on time-frequency spectrum[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):183-190.
[19]ABU-SIADA A,HASHEMNIA N,ISLAM S M,et al.Understanding power transformer frequency response analysis signatures[J].IEEEElectrical Insulation Magazine,2013,29(3):48-56.
[20]ZHANG Z W,TANG W H,JI T Y,et al.Finite-element modeling for analysis of radial deformations within transformer windings[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2297-2305.
[21]HASHEMNIA N,ABU-SIADA A,ISLAM S.Improved power transformer winding fault detection using fra diagnostics-part 2:radial deformation simulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(1):564-570.
[2]邓祥力,谢海远,熊小伏,等.基于支持向量机和有限元分析的变压器绕组变形分类方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(22):5778-5786.DENG Xiangli,XIE Haiyuan,XIONG Xiaofu,et al.Classification method of transformer winding deformation based on SVM and finite element analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5778-5786.
[3]张坤,王丰华,廖天明,等.应用复小波变换检测突发短路时的电力变压器绕组状态[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):327-332.ZHANG Kun,WANG Fenghua,LIAO Tianming,et al.Detection of transformer winding deformation under sudden short-circuit impact based on complex wavelet algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):327-332.
[4]孙翔,何文林,詹江杨,等.电力变压器绕组变形检测与诊断技术的现状与发展[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1207-1220.SUN Xiang,HE Wenlin,ZHAN Jiangyang,et al.Current status and development of test and diagnostic technique of transformer winding deformation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1207-1220.
[5]BAGHERI M,NADERI M S,BLACKBURN T.Advanced transformer winding deformation diagnosis:moving from off-line to on-line[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2012,19(6):1860-1870.
[6]马宏忠,耿志慧,陈楷,等.基于振动的电力变压器绕组变形故障诊断新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(8):89-95.MA Hongzhong,GENG Zhihui,CHEN Kai,et al.A new fault diagnosis method for power transformer winding deformation based on vibration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(8):89-95.
[7]徐建源,陈彦文,李辉,等.基于短路电抗与振动信号联合分析的变压器绕组变形诊断[J].高电压技术,2017,43(6):2001-2006.XU Jianyuan,CHEN Yanwen,LI Hui,et al.Transformer winding deformation analysis based on short-circuit reactance and vibration signal analysis[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(6):2001-2006.
[8]王昕,刘伟家,郑益慧,等.基于超声波技术的绕组变形3维成像检测装置设计[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):4054-4059.WANG Xin,LIU Weijia,ZHENG Yihui,et al.Design of 3D imaging winding deformation detection device based on ultrasonic method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):4054-4059.
[9]朱佼佼,陈特放,付强,等.一种新的交流机车主变压器绕组状态在线监测方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(8):2280-2288.ZHU Jiaojiao,CHEN Tefang,FU Qiang,et al.A new online status monitoring method for the windings of AC locomotive main transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(8):2280-2288.
[10]ABU-SIADA A,ISLAM S M.A novel online technique to detect power transformer winding faults[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(2):849-857.
[11]LAVRINOVICH V A,MYTNIKOV A V.Development of pulsed method for diagnostics of transformer windings based on short probe impulse[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(4):2041-2045.
[12]许渊,弓艳朋,刘有为,等.变压器绕组频率响应数据的图块频点分析法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(6):91-97.XU Yuan,GONG Yanpeng,LIU Youwei,et al.Transformer winding frequency response data analysis with block frequency point method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(6):91-97.
[13]Power transformers-part 18:measurement of frequency response:IEC60076-18 Ed.1.0[S],2012.
[14]电力行业高压试验技术标准化技术委员会.电力变压器绕组变形的频率响应分析法:DL/T911-2004[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.High Voltage Test Technology Standardization Technical Committee of Electric Power Industry.Frequency response analysis on winding deformation of power transformers:DL/T 911-2004[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004.
[15]BAGHERI M,NADERI M S,BLACKBURN T,et al.Frequency response analysis and short-circuit impedance measurement in detection of winding deformation within power transformers[J].IEEEElectrical Insulation Magazine,2013,29(3):33-40.
[16]宋慧欣,张义华,李皓然,等.极坐标图像法用于检测变压器绕组的微小辐向变形故障[J].电测与仪表,2018,55(3):25-30.SONG Huixin,ZHANG Yihua,LI Haoran,et al.Polar image method used for detecting the minor radial deformation fault of transformer winding[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2018,55(3):25-30.
[17]BEHJAT V,VAHEDI A,SETAYESHMEHR A,et al.Diagnosing shorted turns on the windings of power transformers based upon online FRA using capacitive and inductive couplings[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(4):2123-2133.
[18]郭谋发,刘世丹,杨耿杰.利用时频谱相似度识别的配电线路接地选线方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):183-190.GUO Moufa,LIU Shidan,YANG Gengjie.A novel approach to detect fault lines in distribution network using similarity recognition based on time-frequency spectrum[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):183-190.
[19]ABU-SIADA A,HASHEMNIA N,ISLAM S M,et al.Understanding power transformer frequency response analysis signatures[J].IEEEElectrical Insulation Magazine,2013,29(3):48-56.
[20]ZHANG Z W,TANG W H,JI T Y,et al.Finite-element modeling for analysis of radial deformations within transformer windings[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2297-2305.
[21]HASHEMNIA N,ABU-SIADA A,ISLAM S.Improved power transformer winding fault detection using fra diagnostics-part 2:radial deformation simulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(1):564-570.