滇东北地区中泥盆世缩头山组一段沉积特征及其含矿性
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摘要
滇东北地区产出超大型石英砂岩矿床,其主要含矿层位为中泥盆世缩头山组一段。针对滇东北彝良地区缩头山组一段进行的剖面测量、钻探和槽探等一系列研究显示,研究区缩头山组一段厚度为62.8 m～222.7 m,主要由灰白色厚层状中细粒石英砂岩组成,平行层理、冲洗层理、浪成交错层理和浪成波痕发育,波浪作用特征明显;薄片研究显示,缩头山组一段石英砂岩具颗粒支撑、硅质胶结、凹凸-线接触结构特征,石英砂颗粒压溶和次生加大现象明显;粒度分析显示,石英砂岩粒度集中分布于1.5Φ～3.5Φ之间,缺少拖移总体和悬移总体,跃移总体高达99%,由两个次总体构成,为典型的前滨带粒度分布特征;化学分析显示,缩头山组一段石英砂岩的SiO_2化学纯度达99.05～99.39,平均为98.99(N=11),超过平板玻璃原料一级品的工业标准。可以认为,缩头山组一段石英砂岩为结构成熟度和矿物成熟度极高的滨岸高能前滨带石英砂岩,经成岩作用的进一步纯化,其粒度特征和化学纯度已经达到高纯石英砂岩的标准,可望成为高纯石英的原材料,并可为扩大滇东北地区高纯石英矿资源潜力提供精准的找矿方向。
High-purity quartz is a scarce and expensive strategic mineral resource,and the quartz sandstone of littoral facies is a potential high-purity quartz deposit.A large scale quartz sandstone deposit occurs in the Member 1 of the middle Devonian Suotoushan Formation in northeast Yunnan Province.Systematic study on the sedimentary characteristics of the Suotoushan Formation in Yiliang region is carried out in order to unravel the genetic relationship between the high-purity quartz deposit and sedimentary characteristics.Field cross section measurement,drilling and trenching data show that the thickness of the Suotoushan Formation is 62.8 m～222.7 m and mainly composed of gray-white thick-bedded medium-grained quartz sandstone with well developed parallel bedding, swash bedding,oscillation cross-bedding and wave ripple.Thin section observation reveals that quartz sandstone is grain supported,siliceous cemented,with concave-convex and line contact features and obvious pressure solution and secondary overgrowth of quartz grains.Grain size is concentrated between 1.5Φ and 3.5Φ with saltation population up to 99%,which is composed of 2 sub populations and lack traction and suspension populations,characteristic of typical foreshore grain size distribution.Chemical analysis shows that the SiO_2 chemical purity of the quartz sandstone is 99.05%～99.39% with a weighted average of 98.99%(N=11)which exceeds the industry standard for first-grade raw material of plate glass. It is considered that the quartz sandstone in the Member 1 section of the Suotoushan Formation is the high energy coastal foreshore sediments with high texture and mineral maturity. Sand grains have been further purified by diagenesis.Both the grain-size characteristics and chemical purity reach the standard of high-purity quartz sandstone,which can be used as raw material for high-purity quartz.The research results provide prospecting target for enlarging the resources potential of high-purity quartz deposits in northeastern Yunnan Province.
High-purity quartz is a scarce and expensive strategic mineral resource,and the quartz sandstone of littoral facies is a potential high-purity quartz deposit.A large scale quartz sandstone deposit occurs in the Member 1 of the middle Devonian Suotoushan Formation in northeast Yunnan Province.Systematic study on the sedimentary characteristics of the Suotoushan Formation in Yiliang region is carried out in order to unravel the genetic relationship between the high-purity quartz deposit and sedimentary characteristics.Field cross section measurement,drilling and trenching data show that the thickness of the Suotoushan Formation is 62.8 m～222.7 m and mainly composed of gray-white thick-bedded medium-grained quartz sandstone with well developed parallel bedding, swash bedding,oscillation cross-bedding and wave ripple.Thin section observation reveals that quartz sandstone is grain supported,siliceous cemented,with concave-convex and line contact features and obvious pressure solution and secondary overgrowth of quartz grains.Grain size is concentrated between 1.5Φ and 3.5Φ with saltation population up to 99%,which is composed of 2 sub populations and lack traction and suspension populations,characteristic of typical foreshore grain size distribution.Chemical analysis shows that the SiO_2 chemical purity of the quartz sandstone is 99.05%～99.39% with a weighted average of 98.99%(N=11)which exceeds the industry standard for first-grade raw material of plate glass. It is considered that the quartz sandstone in the Member 1 section of the Suotoushan Formation is the high energy coastal foreshore sediments with high texture and mineral maturity. Sand grains have been further purified by diagenesis.Both the grain-size characteristics and chemical purity reach the standard of high-purity quartz sandstone,which can be used as raw material for high-purity quartz.The research results provide prospecting target for enlarging the resources potential of high-purity quartz deposits in northeastern Yunnan Province.
引文
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[3] 姜文涛.云南省彝良县石英砂岩地质特征及可选性研究[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2016,No.12102:10-13.
[4] 邱子娟,姜文涛.云南省彝良县石英砂岩开发前景分析[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2016,124(04):9-21.
[5] 曾允孚,张锦泉,刘文均,等.中国南方泥盆纪岩相古地理与成矿作用[M].北京:地质出版社,1993,1-123.
[6] 郑荣才,张锦泉.滇东—黔西南泥盆纪构造格局及岩相古地理演化[J].成都地质学院学报,1989,(04):51-60.
[7] 云南省地质矿产局.云南省岩石地层[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996,1-366.
[8] 刘宝珺.沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1980,1-497.
[9] 刘宝珺,曾允孚.岩相古地理基础和工作方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1985,1-442.
[10] 杨式溥,张建平,杨美芳.中国遗迹化石[M].北京:科学出版社,2004,1-353.
[11] 成都地质学院陕北队.沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1978,1-147.
[12] 中华人民共和国国土资源部.玻璃硅质原料矿一般工业要求—中华人民共和国地质矿产行业标准DZ/T 0207-2002 [M].2002,569-570.
[13] 胡修权,李桂玲,孙猛,等.石英玻璃用硅石粉体晶形和粒度分布控制[J].中国非金属矿工业导报,2007,26(4):41-43.
[14] 石斌,刘岫峰,张佩聪,等.高纯石英砂粒度分析与粒度评价体系研究[J].矿物岩石,2013,33(01):16-21.
[15] 刘宝珺,张锦泉.沉积成岩作用[M].北京:科学出版社,1993,1-271.