挤压逆断层物理实验及克-百断裂带成因新解
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摘要
挤压模式下水平方向上的挤压是不可忽略的因素,因此挤压逆断层在盖层中的传播模式不同于基底隆升逆断层;正反转构造物理模拟的应力机制仍需论证。基于砂箱实验,在挤压模式下以沉积盖层厚度、断层活动速率、先存断层倾角为变量,研究了先存基底断层在沉积盖层中的传播模式;提出了克-百断裂带成因模式的新解释。研究表明:沉积盖层厚度及断层倾角与上覆盖层中形成的变形带宽度成正比;断层活动速率越大,断层在垂向上的抬升越明显。克-百断裂带及挤压倾滑型正反转构造的形成受挤压-基底抬升双重应力机制控制。
Horizontal squeezing is a significant factor under the squeeze mode. Therefore, squeezing reverse fault is different from basement uplift reverse fault as far as its spreading pattern in the cover coat. Stress mechanism of forward inversed structure physical simulation still needs demonstrating. Based on dandbox model and taking sedimentary cover thickness, fault active rate and pre-existing co-hade as variable under the squeeze mode, this paper studies pre-existing basement fault spreading pattern in the sedimentary cover and puts forward the new explanation on Ke-Baifault zone genetic model. The research shows that sedimentary cover thickness and co-hade are in direct proportion to deformation band width formed at overlying caprock and that the larger the fault active rate is, the more obviously the fault uplifts in vertical direction. The formation of Ke-Bai fault zone and squeeze dip-slip forward inversed structure is controlled by dual stress mechanism of squeeze and basement uplift.
Horizontal squeezing is a significant factor under the squeeze mode. Therefore, squeezing reverse fault is different from basement uplift reverse fault as far as its spreading pattern in the cover coat. Stress mechanism of forward inversed structure physical simulation still needs demonstrating. Based on dandbox model and taking sedimentary cover thickness, fault active rate and pre-existing co-hade as variable under the squeeze mode, this paper studies pre-existing basement fault spreading pattern in the sedimentary cover and puts forward the new explanation on Ke-Baifault zone genetic model. The research shows that sedimentary cover thickness and co-hade are in direct proportion to deformation band width formed at overlying caprock and that the larger the fault active rate is, the more obviously the fault uplifts in vertical direction. The formation of Ke-Bai fault zone and squeeze dip-slip forward inversed structure is controlled by dual stress mechanism of squeeze and basement uplift.
引文
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[2]周建勋.断裂系统形成机制:来自物理模拟实验的新启示[J].自然杂志,2011,33(05):260-265.
[3]谭开俊,张帆,赵应成,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘构造特征分段性对比分析[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(02):1-3.
[4]张越迁,汪新,刘继山,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘乌夏走滑构造及油气勘探意义[J].新疆石油地质,2011(5):447-450.
[5]隋风贵.准噶尔盆地西北缘构造演化及其与油气成藏的关系[J].地质学报,2015,89(04):779-793.
[6]马宝军,漆家福,于福生,等.施力方式对半地堑反转构造变形特征影响的物理模拟实验研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,2006,30(2):174-179.
[7]陈竹新,贾东,张惬,等.龙门山前陆褶皱冲断带的平衡剖面分析[J].地质学报,2005,79(1):38-45.
[8]于福生,张芳峰,杨长清,等.龙门山前缘关口断裂典型构造剖面的物理模拟实验及其变形主控因素研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,2010,34(02):147-158.
[9]童亨茂,王建君,赵海涛,等.“摩尔空间”及其在先存构造活动性预测中的应用[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(09):1948-1957.
[10]杨克基,漆家福,余一欣,等.辽中凹陷反转构造及其对郯庐断裂带走滑活动的响应[J].岩石学报,2016,32(4):1182-1196.
[11]陈书平,况军,刘继山,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘克-百地区不整合面及其动力学条件[J].高校地质学报,2008,14(02):199-205.
[12]Grasemann B, Martel S, Passchier C. Reverse and normal drag along a fault[J]. Journal of Structural Geology. 2005, 27(6): 999-1010.
[13]郭卫星,漆家福,李明刚,等.库车坳陷克拉苏构造带的反转构造及其形成机制[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):379-385.