内生木霉P3.9菌株的多功能性及其枇杷根腐病的盆栽防效
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摘要
为明确内生木霉P3.9菌株多功能性及其生防潜力,采用菌丝生长速率法、透明圈法、农艺性状观测法、组织分离法、土壤梯度稀释法和盆栽法,分别测定其对不同植物病原菌的抑制率、不同化学农药的耐药性、纤维素及磷的降解能力、促生作用、在枇杷植株及其根际土壤中的定殖能力和枇杷根腐病的防治效果。结果表明,内生木霉P3.9菌株对7种植物病原菌有不同程度的抑菌作用,其中,对枇杷根腐病菌的抑制作用最强,抑菌率达93%;对5种化学农药有不同程度的耐药性,其中,对硫磺三唑酮的耐药性最高;对纤维素及磷有极强的降解能力;对枇杷植株有促生作用,能定殖于枇杷植株及其根际土壤中,盆栽防治枇杷根腐病效果可达80%。
In order to determine the multifunction characteristics and biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma P3.9 strain,Abilities of inhibiting different plant pathogens,resistance to different fungicides,degradation of cellulose and calcium phosphate,growth-promoting,colonization and control of loquat root rot were tested by methods of mycelial growth rates,transparent zone,observation of agronomic trait,tissue isolation of plant,gradient dilution of soil and pot-culture.The results showed that the P3.9 strain had inhibiting effect on seven kinds of plant pathogens.Moreover,the strongest inhibiting effect was detected on loquat root rot,with the inhibition rate of 93%.The P3.9 strain had also a degree of resistance to seven kinds of fungicides,and the best resistance effect was detected on sulfur-triadimenol.It had strong ability of degrading cellulose and calcium phosphate,promoting growth of loquat plant.The P3.9 strain was colonize in loquat plant and rhizospere soil.Control effect of P3.9 strain on loquat root rot was 80%.
In order to determine the multifunction characteristics and biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma P3.9 strain,Abilities of inhibiting different plant pathogens,resistance to different fungicides,degradation of cellulose and calcium phosphate,growth-promoting,colonization and control of loquat root rot were tested by methods of mycelial growth rates,transparent zone,observation of agronomic trait,tissue isolation of plant,gradient dilution of soil and pot-culture.The results showed that the P3.9 strain had inhibiting effect on seven kinds of plant pathogens.Moreover,the strongest inhibiting effect was detected on loquat root rot,with the inhibition rate of 93%.The P3.9 strain had also a degree of resistance to seven kinds of fungicides,and the best resistance effect was detected on sulfur-triadimenol.It had strong ability of degrading cellulose and calcium phosphate,promoting growth of loquat plant.The P3.9 strain was colonize in loquat plant and rhizospere soil.Control effect of P3.9 strain on loquat root rot was 80%.
引文
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[19]何月秋,和志娇,杨艳丽,等.哈茨木霉Th_A和Th_B的存活力与定殖能力的测定[J].云南农业大学学报,2004,19(3):279-282,303.HE Y Q,HE ZH J,YANG Y L,et al.Detection on survival and colonization abilities of Trichoderma harzianum Th-A and Th-B[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultrual University,2004,19(3):279-282,303(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]张海军,李泽方.绿色木霉GY20对棉花枯萎病菌的抑菌作用[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(3):193-197.ZHANG H J,LI Z F.Biocontrol mechanism Trichoderma viride GY20against Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.vasin fectum F12[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2012,21(3):193-197(in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]陆宁海,吴利民,田雪亮,等.哈茨木霉对番茄幼苗促生作用机理的初步研究[J].西北农业学报,2007,16(6):192-194.LU N H,WU L M,TIAN X L,et al.The effect of Trichoderma harzianum on tomato seedling growth[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2007,16(6):192-194(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]鲁海菊,董梅,崔同敏,等.从枇杷内生真菌中筛选抗枇杷根腐病菌的活性菌株[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(1):95-97.LU H J,DONG M,CUI T M,et al.Screening of active strains resistant to pathogen of loquat root rot from loquat endophytic fungi[J].Jiangsu Agricultral Sciences,2014,42(1):95-97(in Chinese).
[23]鲁海菊,张建春,杞敬香,等.枇杷内生木霉P3.9菌株抗菌谱研究[J].北方园艺,2014,37(24):103-107.LU H J,ZHANG J CH,QI J X,et al.Study on antimicrobial spectrum of Trichoderma P3.9strain of endophytic fungus from loquat[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,37(24):103-107(in Chinese with English abstract).
[24]沈云玫,张建春,李河,等.枇杷根际土壤真菌对生防木霉菌株P3.9的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(4):106-108.SHEN Y M,ZHANG J CH,LI H,et al.Effects of fungi from loquat rhizosphere soil on biological control Trichoderma P3.9strain[J].Jiangsu Agricultral Sciences,2014,42(4):106-108(in Chinese).
[25]鲁海菊,张建春,沈云玫,等.枇杷内生真菌对P3.9生防木霉菌株的抑菌作用[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(11):2547-2550.LU H J,ZHANG J CH,SHEN Y M,et al.Antifungal activity of endophytic fungi from loquat Trichoderma sp.(P3.9)strain[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2014,53(11):2547-2550(in Chinese with English abstract).
[26]鲁海菊,王波,潘柳君,等.深绿木霉P3.9生防菌株固体发酵条件优化筛选[J].北方园艺,2014,37(14):119-123.LU H J,WANG B,PAN L J,et al.Screening on conditions of solid fermentation for biocontrol strain P3.9of Trichoderma atroviride[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,37(14):119-123(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]梁志怀,魏林,安哲宇,等.生防木霉菌耐三唑类杀菌剂菌株的选育[J].中国生物防治),2010,26(1):60-65.LIANG ZH H,WEI L,AN ZH Y,et al.Selection of Trichoderma mutants resistant to triazole fungicides[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2010,26(1):60-65(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]戚玮真,赵蕾.一株生防木霉菌的农药降解特性[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(3):81-83.QI W ZH,ZHAO L.Study on degradation characteristic of pesticides by biological Trichoderma spp.[J].Shandong Agricultral Sciences,2012,44(3):81-83(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]田连生,陈菲.木霉对多菌灵的生物降解特性研究[J].土壤学报,2009,46(6):1127-1131.TIAN L SH,CHEN F.Carbendazim biodegradation characteristics of Trichoderma[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2009,46(6):1127-1131(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]宋贤冲,邓小军,唐健,等.3个木霉菌株对马尾松松针的分解作用[J].广西林业科学,2014,43(1):66-68,74.SONG X CH,DENG X J,TANG J,et al.Decomposition of three Trichodermaspecies on pine needles of Pinus massoniana[J].Guangxi Forestry Science,2014,43(1):66-68,74(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]ANUSUYA D,JAYARJAN R.Solubilization of phosporus by Trichoderma viride[J].Current Science,1998,74(5):464-465.
[7]SPATNEKAR H G,RASAL P H,PATIL P L.Occurrence of phosphate solubilizing fungi in black soils of Maharashtra[J].Maharashtra Agricultural Universities,2003,28(2):164-165.
[8]RUDRESH D L,SHIVAPRAKASH M K,PRASAD R D.Tricalcium phosphate solubilizing abilities of Trichoderma spp.in relation to puptake and growth and yield parameters of chickpea(Cicerarietinum L.)[J].Canadian Journal of Microbiology,2005,51(3):217-222.
[9]GABER Z,HEBA A M.Bio-production of compost with low pH and high soluble phosphorus from sugar cane bagasse enriched with rock phosphate[J].Microbiology and Biotechnology,2005,21(5):747-752.
[10]SUNANTAPONGSUK V,NAKAPRAVES P,PIRIYA-PRIN S,et al.Protease production and phosphate solubilization from potential biological agents Trichoderma viride and Azomonas agilis from vetiver rhizosphere[C].Beijing:International Workshop on Sustained Management of the Soil-rhizosphere System for Efficient Crop Production and Fertilizer Use,2006:16-20.
[11]营丽萍,刘力行,陈云鹏,等.木霉菌REMI转化子解磷筛选及其解磷效果分析[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(20):6179-6180,6191.YING L P,LIU L X,CHEN Y P,et al.Phosphate-dissolving screening and effective analysis of Trichoderma REMtransformant[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science,2007,35(20):6179-6180,6191(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]杨合同,于雪云,魏艳丽,等.多功能植病生防木霉的分离筛选与鉴定[J].山东科学,2009,22(5):27-30.YANG H T,YU X Y,WEI Y L,et al.Isolation,screening and identification of multifunctional Trichoderma spp.with antipathogenic biocontrol capacity[J].Shandong Science,2009,22(5):27-30(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]CHANG Y C,BAKER R,CHET I.Increased growth of plant with the biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum[J].Plant Disease,1991,12(2):95-99.
[14]曾华兰,叶鹏盛,李琼芳,等.哈茨木霉T23对花生的促生增产作用[J].云南农业大学报,2005,20(1):145-146.ZENG H L,YE P SH,LI Q F,et al.Effects of Trichoderma harzianum T23on peanut yield[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultrual University,2005,20(1):145-146(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]李卫平,林福呈.绿色木霉对蔬菜苗期病害的防治和促生作用[J].浙江农业学报,2000,12(2):106-107.LI W P,LIN F CH.The diseases control and growth enhancement of vegetable seedlings with Trichoderma viride[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2000,12(2):106-107(in Chinese).
[16]刘云龙,何永宏,张旭东.哈茨木霉对辣椒生长的影响[J].云南农业大学学报,2002,17(4):345-346.LIU Y L,HE Y H,ZHANG X D.Effects of biocontrol agents Trichoderma harzianum on plant growth in Capsicum[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultrual University,2002,17(4):345-346(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]鲁海菊,刘云龙.哈茨木霉强根际定殖能力菌株的筛选[J].中国生物防治,2008,24(2):138-142.LU H J,LIU Y L.Screening of Trichoderma harzianum strains for the enhanced ability to colonize in rhizosphere[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2008,24(2):138-142(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]鲁海菊,全舒舟,李香香,等.枇杷内生真菌中拮抗石榴干腐病菌菌株的筛选[J].热带农业科学2013,33(7):58-62.LU H J,QUAN SH ZH,LI X X,et al.Screening of strains of antifungal activity to pathogen of pomegranate fruit rot from loquat endophytic fungus[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2013,33(7):58-62(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]何月秋,和志娇,杨艳丽,等.哈茨木霉Th_A和Th_B的存活力与定殖能力的测定[J].云南农业大学学报,2004,19(3):279-282,303.HE Y Q,HE ZH J,YANG Y L,et al.Detection on survival and colonization abilities of Trichoderma harzianum Th-A and Th-B[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultrual University,2004,19(3):279-282,303(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]张海军,李泽方.绿色木霉GY20对棉花枯萎病菌的抑菌作用[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(3):193-197.ZHANG H J,LI Z F.Biocontrol mechanism Trichoderma viride GY20against Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.vasin fectum F12[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2012,21(3):193-197(in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]陆宁海,吴利民,田雪亮,等.哈茨木霉对番茄幼苗促生作用机理的初步研究[J].西北农业学报,2007,16(6):192-194.LU N H,WU L M,TIAN X L,et al.The effect of Trichoderma harzianum on tomato seedling growth[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2007,16(6):192-194(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]鲁海菊,董梅,崔同敏,等.从枇杷内生真菌中筛选抗枇杷根腐病菌的活性菌株[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(1):95-97.LU H J,DONG M,CUI T M,et al.Screening of active strains resistant to pathogen of loquat root rot from loquat endophytic fungi[J].Jiangsu Agricultral Sciences,2014,42(1):95-97(in Chinese).
[23]鲁海菊,张建春,杞敬香,等.枇杷内生木霉P3.9菌株抗菌谱研究[J].北方园艺,2014,37(24):103-107.LU H J,ZHANG J CH,QI J X,et al.Study on antimicrobial spectrum of Trichoderma P3.9strain of endophytic fungus from loquat[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,37(24):103-107(in Chinese with English abstract).
[24]沈云玫,张建春,李河,等.枇杷根际土壤真菌对生防木霉菌株P3.9的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(4):106-108.SHEN Y M,ZHANG J CH,LI H,et al.Effects of fungi from loquat rhizosphere soil on biological control Trichoderma P3.9strain[J].Jiangsu Agricultral Sciences,2014,42(4):106-108(in Chinese).
[25]鲁海菊,张建春,沈云玫,等.枇杷内生真菌对P3.9生防木霉菌株的抑菌作用[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(11):2547-2550.LU H J,ZHANG J CH,SHEN Y M,et al.Antifungal activity of endophytic fungi from loquat Trichoderma sp.(P3.9)strain[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2014,53(11):2547-2550(in Chinese with English abstract).
[26]鲁海菊,王波,潘柳君,等.深绿木霉P3.9生防菌株固体发酵条件优化筛选[J].北方园艺,2014,37(14):119-123.LU H J,WANG B,PAN L J,et al.Screening on conditions of solid fermentation for biocontrol strain P3.9of Trichoderma atroviride[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,37(14):119-123(in Chinese with English abstract).