基于四阶累积量MUSIC法的感应电机无传感器速度估计
|
摘要
从感应电机定子电流频谱中提取转子槽谐波,并求得电机的转速,传统采用FTT技术,但其自身存在如频率分辨率低、抑制噪声能力弱等一些缺点。提出一种采用基于四阶累积量的MUSIC法从异步电动机定子电流频谱中提取转子槽谐波频率,进而准确估计电机转速的新方法。MUSIC法具有高频率分辨力和强大的微弱谐波检测能力,加之高阶累积量可以有效地抑制噪声,基于四阶累积量MUSIC法非常适用于感应电机转子槽谐波提取。实验结果表明,基于四阶累积量MUSIC法可以正确提取转子槽谐波频率,准确估计出电机转速,尤其在频率分辨率和抗噪声上比FFT法具有较好的优越性。
The spectrum of stator current in the rotor slot harmonics of induction motor are extracted by adopting FFT method. It has disadvantages, such as low frequency resolution, poor de-noising, frequency spectrum leakage. It is difficult to improve the measurement sensitivity and anti-noise. A new method was presented, in which the rotor slot harmonic frequency was extracted from the current spectrum of the motor stator by using HOC-MUSIC to accurately estimate the motor speed. The MUSIC method has high frequency resolution and a kind of ability for strong weak harmonic detection. At the same time HOC can effectively suppress noise. HOC-MUSIC was applied to extract the rotor slot harmonics to estimate the motor speed in serious noise case. The experimental results show that this method is feasibility and effectiveness for estimating the motor speed by extracting the frequency of the rotor slot harmonic. Compared with traditional FFT method, this method has good estimation precision and dynamic characteristic.
The spectrum of stator current in the rotor slot harmonics of induction motor are extracted by adopting FFT method. It has disadvantages, such as low frequency resolution, poor de-noising, frequency spectrum leakage. It is difficult to improve the measurement sensitivity and anti-noise. A new method was presented, in which the rotor slot harmonic frequency was extracted from the current spectrum of the motor stator by using HOC-MUSIC to accurately estimate the motor speed. The MUSIC method has high frequency resolution and a kind of ability for strong weak harmonic detection. At the same time HOC can effectively suppress noise. HOC-MUSIC was applied to extract the rotor slot harmonics to estimate the motor speed in serious noise case. The experimental results show that this method is feasibility and effectiveness for estimating the motor speed by extracting the frequency of the rotor slot harmonic. Compared with traditional FFT method, this method has good estimation precision and dynamic characteristic.
引文
[1] 陈伯时,杨耕.无速度传感器高性能交流调速控制的三条思路及其发展建议[J].电气传动,2006,36(1):3-8.CHEN B S,YANG G.Three Approaches to the Control Strategies of Sensorless High-performance ASD Systems and Proposals for their Development[J].Electric Drive,2006,36(1):3-8.
[2] KEYSAN O,ERTAN H B.Real-Time Speed and Position Estimation Using Rotor Slot Harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2013,9(2):899-908.
[3] OKUBO T,ISHIDA M,DOKI S.Development of Motor Model of Rotor Slot Harmonics for Speed Sensorless Control of Induction Motor[J].Electrical Engineering in Japan,2014,186(3):63-74.
[4] SILVA W L,LIMA A M N,OLIVEIRA A.Speed Estimation of an Induction Motor Operating in the Nonstationary Mode by Using Rotor Slot Harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2015,64(4):984-994.
[5] ISHIDA M,IWATA K.A New Slip Frequency Detector of an Induction Motor Utilizing Rotor Slot Harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1984(3):575-582.
[6] ISHIDA M,IWATA K.Steady-state Characteristics of a Torque and Speed Control System of an Induction Motor Utilizing Rotor Slot Harmonics for Slip Frequency Sensing[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1987(3):257-263.
[7] FERRAH A,BRADLEY K J,ASHER G M.An FFT-based Novel Approach to Noninvasive Speed Measurement in Induction Motor Drives[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1992,41(6):797-802.
[8] FERRAH A,BRADLEY K G,ASHER G M.Sensorless Speed Detection of Inverter Fed Induction Motors Using Rotor Slot Harmonics and Fast Fourier Transform[C]//Proceedings of Power Electronics Specialists Conference,1992:279-286.
[9] HURST K D,HABETLER T G.A Comparison of Spectrum Estimation Techniques for Sensorless Speed Detection in Induction Machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1997,33(4):898-905.
[10] AIELLO M,CATALIOTTI A,NUCCIO S.An Induction Motor Speed Measurement Method Based on Current Harmonic Analysis with the Chirp-Z Transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2005,54(5):1811-1819.
[11] NANDI S,AHMED S,TOLIYAT H A.Detection of Rotor Slot and Other Eccentricity Related Harmonics in a Three Phase Induction Motor with Different Rotor Cages[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2001,16(3):253-260.
[12] 王树勋.高阶统计量在系统理论中的应用[J].自动化学报,1994,20(6):710-717.WANG S X,Application of High-order Statistics in System theory[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,1994,20(6):710-717.
[13] 张贤达.现代信号处理[M].2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:126-137.
[14] 王洪希,杨卫东,田伟.基于高阶累积量MUSIC法的轧辊偏心信号提取[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,34(10):2279-2286.WANG H X,YANG W D,TIAN W.Roller Eccentricity Signal Extraction Based on Higher-order Cumulant MUSIC Algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,34(10):2279-2286.
[15] 王洪希,刘诤,田伟.基于互高阶谱MUSIC 法的电机定子匝间短路故障特征分量提取[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(23):117-120.WANG H X,LIU Z,TIAN W.Fault Feature Component Extraction of Generator Stator Inter-turn Short-circuit Based on MUSIC Method for Cross-high-order Spectrum[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(23):117-120.
[2] KEYSAN O,ERTAN H B.Real-Time Speed and Position Estimation Using Rotor Slot Harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2013,9(2):899-908.
[3] OKUBO T,ISHIDA M,DOKI S.Development of Motor Model of Rotor Slot Harmonics for Speed Sensorless Control of Induction Motor[J].Electrical Engineering in Japan,2014,186(3):63-74.
[4] SILVA W L,LIMA A M N,OLIVEIRA A.Speed Estimation of an Induction Motor Operating in the Nonstationary Mode by Using Rotor Slot Harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2015,64(4):984-994.
[5] ISHIDA M,IWATA K.A New Slip Frequency Detector of an Induction Motor Utilizing Rotor Slot Harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1984(3):575-582.
[6] ISHIDA M,IWATA K.Steady-state Characteristics of a Torque and Speed Control System of an Induction Motor Utilizing Rotor Slot Harmonics for Slip Frequency Sensing[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1987(3):257-263.
[7] FERRAH A,BRADLEY K J,ASHER G M.An FFT-based Novel Approach to Noninvasive Speed Measurement in Induction Motor Drives[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1992,41(6):797-802.
[8] FERRAH A,BRADLEY K G,ASHER G M.Sensorless Speed Detection of Inverter Fed Induction Motors Using Rotor Slot Harmonics and Fast Fourier Transform[C]//Proceedings of Power Electronics Specialists Conference,1992:279-286.
[9] HURST K D,HABETLER T G.A Comparison of Spectrum Estimation Techniques for Sensorless Speed Detection in Induction Machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1997,33(4):898-905.
[10] AIELLO M,CATALIOTTI A,NUCCIO S.An Induction Motor Speed Measurement Method Based on Current Harmonic Analysis with the Chirp-Z Transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2005,54(5):1811-1819.
[11] NANDI S,AHMED S,TOLIYAT H A.Detection of Rotor Slot and Other Eccentricity Related Harmonics in a Three Phase Induction Motor with Different Rotor Cages[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2001,16(3):253-260.
[12] 王树勋.高阶统计量在系统理论中的应用[J].自动化学报,1994,20(6):710-717.WANG S X,Application of High-order Statistics in System theory[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,1994,20(6):710-717.
[13] 张贤达.现代信号处理[M].2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:126-137.
[14] 王洪希,杨卫东,田伟.基于高阶累积量MUSIC法的轧辊偏心信号提取[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,34(10):2279-2286.WANG H X,YANG W D,TIAN W.Roller Eccentricity Signal Extraction Based on Higher-order Cumulant MUSIC Algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,34(10):2279-2286.
[15] 王洪希,刘诤,田伟.基于互高阶谱MUSIC 法的电机定子匝间短路故障特征分量提取[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(23):117-120.WANG H X,LIU Z,TIAN W.Fault Feature Component Extraction of Generator Stator Inter-turn Short-circuit Based on MUSIC Method for Cross-high-order Spectrum[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(23):117-120.