生态因子对高陡边坡植被恢复的作用机理
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摘要
环境生态因子是制定高速公路、高速铁路等沿线高陡边坡植被恢复的植物种子配比方案的重要因素,直接影响到坡面植被恢复效果。采用"厚基材挂网喷播"工艺,在目标种中加入1～2年生草本植物作为坡面植被恢复的先锋种设计对比试验,研究小环境生态因子与坡面植被恢复效果的相关性,以探明高陡边坡植被恢复与生态因子之间的相互作用机理,建立耦合模型。研究结果表明:(1)某一生态因子的改变会导致其他生态因子的联动;(2)生态因子的改变直接影响到高陡边坡植被恢复效果;(3)高陡边坡植被恢复效果(植物群落的发育程度)反作用于其小环境的生态因子。在高陡边坡植被恢复工程实践中,以生态因子与高陡边坡植被恢复耦合模型指导制定施工方案,有利于提高高陡边坡植被恢复效果,保证植物群落的快速稳定。
The environmental ecological factor is an important factor in the formulation of the plant seed proportion scheme for the vegetation restoration of high and steep slopes along the expressway,highspeed railway,etc.,which directly affects the vegetation restoration effect of the slope surface.By means of thick substrate net-suspended spraying technique,add 1～2 years herbs in the target plants as the pioneer species of the slope vegetation restoration to carry out comparisons and experiments and to study the correlation of the small environment of ecological factors and the effect of slope vegetation restoration,so as to find the interaction mechanism between the high and steep slope vegetation restoration and the ecological factors,and to set up the coupling model.The results show that:(1)the change of one ecological factor will lead to the linkage of other ecological factors;(2)the change of ecological factors directly affects the vegetation restoration effect of high and steep slope;and(3)the vegetation restoration effect(plant community development degree)of the high and steep slope reacts on the ecological factors of its small environment.In the practice of vegetation restoration project of high and steep slopes,the construction scheme is guided by the coupling model of ecological factors and vegetation restoration of high and steep slopes.
The environmental ecological factor is an important factor in the formulation of the plant seed proportion scheme for the vegetation restoration of high and steep slopes along the expressway,highspeed railway,etc.,which directly affects the vegetation restoration effect of the slope surface.By means of thick substrate net-suspended spraying technique,add 1～2 years herbs in the target plants as the pioneer species of the slope vegetation restoration to carry out comparisons and experiments and to study the correlation of the small environment of ecological factors and the effect of slope vegetation restoration,so as to find the interaction mechanism between the high and steep slope vegetation restoration and the ecological factors,and to set up the coupling model.The results show that:(1)the change of one ecological factor will lead to the linkage of other ecological factors;(2)the change of ecological factors directly affects the vegetation restoration effect of high and steep slope;and(3)the vegetation restoration effect(plant community development degree)of the high and steep slope reacts on the ecological factors of its small environment.In the practice of vegetation restoration project of high and steep slopes,the construction scheme is guided by the coupling model of ecological factors and vegetation restoration of high and steep slopes.
引文
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[17]夏冬,李富平,袁雪涛,等.露天矿岩质边坡生态重建技术研究现状及发展趋势[J].金属矿山,2018,(1):1-10.
[2] Sotir R B,McCaffrey M A.Stabilization of high soil and rock cut slope by soil bioengineering and conventional engineering[J].Transp.Recs.Rec.,1997,(1589).
[3] Shields Jr,F D,Gray D H.Effects of Woody Vegetation on Sandy Levee Integrity[J].Water Resources Bulentin,1993,28(5):917-931.
[4] Goldsmith W.Soil reinforcement by river plants:progress results[C]//In Proceedings of the Conference on Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration.ASCE,1998.
[5] Polster D F.Soil bioengineering for steep/unstable slopes and riparian restoration[J].Watershed Restoration Technical Bulletin,1999,4(4):1-8.
[6] Robert C S.Plastic matting for erosion control and revegetation[M].EP0259166,1988-03-09.
[7]吉田博宜.法面斜面の綠化と修景[J].基礎工,1999,27(5):4-8.
[8]桃井信行,飯塚康雄,田中隆.のり面縁化技術の変遷[J].土木技術資料,1996,38(11):44-49.
[9]青木正雄,安部征雄.強酸性土における法面緑化[J].土と基礎,1996,44(6):28-30.
[10]立石義孝,鬼塚克忠,馬淵勝美,等.厚層基礎材吹付工法による硅藻土斜面の緑化[J].土と基礎,1996,44(6):31.
[11]邹战国.水力喷草技术在防治水土流失中的应用[J].水土保持通报,1993,(4):51-55.
[12]郑彩霞,王斌瑞.黄土高原坡面林地不同集水措施对林木生长的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,1995,(4):56-61.
[13]王连新.新型护坡方法———土工网复合植被护坡[J].水利水电快报,1998,(15):30-32.
[14]蔡松桃,崔国明,华爱莲.土工网植草护坡技术的试验研究[J].河南水利,1999,(4):20.
[15]陈人豪,李济群,王利群,等.固土网垫应用研究———铁路边坡铺网垫植草被防护试验[J].天津纺织工学院学报,1999,(2):23-26.
[16]包承纲.土工合成材料界面特性的研究和试验验证[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,(9):1735-1744.
[17]夏冬,李富平,袁雪涛,等.露天矿岩质边坡生态重建技术研究现状及发展趋势[J].金属矿山,2018,(1):1-10.