广东惠东白盆珠水库中华秋沙鸭越冬群体监测
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摘要
中华秋沙鸭(Mergus squamatus)是典型的森林溪流生态系统的指示种,鲜有在人工水体大群越冬的报道。2007年9月至2013年3月,连续6年在广东白盆珠水库发现其越冬群体。监测结果如下:1)中华秋沙鸭最早可于9月底到达白盆珠水库,在翌年3月陆续迁离,居留时间最短为3个月左右,最长为6个月左右;2)2007～2009年,其最大群体数量基本保持稳定,均为31只;2009～2013年,数量逐年减少,最少时为12只;3)其活动区域较稳定,皆在白盆珠水库的打锣岽附近,活动范围100.01～180.90 hm2,该位置水体宽阔,水质洁净,受外界干扰少。我们认为,水库拥有较理想的自然栖息环境和保护区有效管理是中华秋沙鸭在此越冬的关键因素;为了进一步加强对中华秋沙鸭的保护力度,建议将白盆珠水库打锣岽附近区域划为广东省惠东莲花山白盆珠省级自然保护区核心区。
Scaly-sided Merganser( Mergus squamatus) is a typical indicator species of forest stream ecosystem,and rarely reported in large open water surface. A population of M. squamatus wintering in the Huidong Baipenzhu Reservoir in Guangdong Province had been continuously monitored from Sep. 2007 to Mar. 2013.The results are as follows: 1) M. squamatus arrived at the end of September and left in March of the next year,they stayed here for 3 to 6 months; 2) the largest population size remained stable from 2007 to 2009( 31 in each year),but reduced year after year from 2009 to 2013( only 12 in 2013); 3) Scaly-sided Merganser mainly occurred nearby the Daluodong in the reservoir. Their active range was between 100. 01 hm2 and 180. 90hm2 where with large open water surface,cleaned water and less-disturbed by people. This reservoir is inside of a nature reserve. The suitable environment effective management measures could be the reason for Scaly-sided Merganser wintering here. We propose to indlude the Daluodong region into the core zone in the Lianhuashan-Baipenzhu Provincial Nature Reserve.
Scaly-sided Merganser( Mergus squamatus) is a typical indicator species of forest stream ecosystem,and rarely reported in large open water surface. A population of M. squamatus wintering in the Huidong Baipenzhu Reservoir in Guangdong Province had been continuously monitored from Sep. 2007 to Mar. 2013.The results are as follows: 1) M. squamatus arrived at the end of September and left in March of the next year,they stayed here for 3 to 6 months; 2) the largest population size remained stable from 2007 to 2009( 31 in each year),but reduced year after year from 2009 to 2013( only 12 in 2013); 3) Scaly-sided Merganser mainly occurred nearby the Daluodong in the reservoir. Their active range was between 100. 01 hm2 and 180. 90hm2 where with large open water surface,cleaned water and less-disturbed by people. This reservoir is inside of a nature reserve. The suitable environment effective management measures could be the reason for Scaly-sided Merganser wintering here. We propose to indlude the Daluodong region into the core zone in the Lianhuashan-Baipenzhu Provincial Nature Reserve.
引文
IUCN.2013.IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.Version2013.1.[DB/OL][2013-07-16].http://www.iucnredlist.org.
He F Q,Melville D,Gui X J,et al.2002.Status of the scalysided merganser wintering in mainland China in the 1990s.Waterbirds,25(4):462-464.
Liu P Q,Li F,Song H D,et al.2010.A survey to thedistribution of the scaly-sided merganser(Mergus squamatus)in Changbai Mountain range(China side).Chinese Birds,1(2):148-155.
Solovieva D,Shokhrin V,Vartanyan S,et al.2006.Scaly-sidedmerganser surveys in Primorye,Russia,2003-2005.ThreatWaterfowl Specialist Group News,15:60-69.
方弟安,章志琴,罗朝晖,等.2009.2001~2008年中华秋沙鸭弋阳越冬区种群数量的变化.湖北农业科学,48(10):2513-1515.
何芬奇,林剑声,杨斌,等.2006.中华秋沙鸭在中国的近期越冬分布与数量.动物学杂志,4l(5):52-56.
李小燕,杨磊,李东洋,等.2012.广东莲花山白盆珠省级自然保护区鸟类资源调查.四川动物,31(4):650-654.
刘宇,杨志杰,左斌,等.2008.中华秋沙鸭(Mergussquamatus)在江西省的越冬分布及种群数量调查.东北师大学报:自然科学版,40(1):11l-115.
林清贤,陈小麟,方文珍.2008.江西靖安发现中华秋沙鸭和海南鳽.动物学杂志,43(2):13.
邵明勤,曾宾宾,尚小龙,等.2012.江西鄱阳湖流域中华秋沙鸭越冬期间的集群特征.生态学报,32(10):3170-3176.
骆土寿,陈德祥,李仕春,等.2003.广东莲花山白盆珠自然保护区资源及其评价.广东林业科技,19(4):7-12.
汪志如,单继红,李言阔,等.2010.江西省中华秋沙鸭越冬种群现状调查与胁迫因素分析.四川动物,29(4):597-600.
易国栋,杨志杰,陈刚,等.2008.中华秋沙鸭繁殖习性初报.动物学杂志,43(6):57-61.
易国栋,杨志杰,刘宇,等.2010.中华秋沙鸭越冬行为时间分配及日活动节律.生态学报,30(8):2228-2234.
邹红菲,傅饶,沈广爽,等.2008.救助饲养的中华秋沙鸭生长指标的相关性.东北林业大学学报,36(7):49-50,64.
章志琴,夏瑾华,王艾平,等.2012.江西省境内中华秋沙鸭越冬生境选择.中国农学通报,28(35):29-32.
赵正阶.2001.中国鸟类志.长春:吉林科学技术出版社.
He F Q,Melville D,Gui X J,et al.2002.Status of the scalysided merganser wintering in mainland China in the 1990s.Waterbirds,25(4):462-464.
Liu P Q,Li F,Song H D,et al.2010.A survey to thedistribution of the scaly-sided merganser(Mergus squamatus)in Changbai Mountain range(China side).Chinese Birds,1(2):148-155.
Solovieva D,Shokhrin V,Vartanyan S,et al.2006.Scaly-sidedmerganser surveys in Primorye,Russia,2003-2005.ThreatWaterfowl Specialist Group News,15:60-69.
方弟安,章志琴,罗朝晖,等.2009.2001~2008年中华秋沙鸭弋阳越冬区种群数量的变化.湖北农业科学,48(10):2513-1515.
何芬奇,林剑声,杨斌,等.2006.中华秋沙鸭在中国的近期越冬分布与数量.动物学杂志,4l(5):52-56.
李小燕,杨磊,李东洋,等.2012.广东莲花山白盆珠省级自然保护区鸟类资源调查.四川动物,31(4):650-654.
刘宇,杨志杰,左斌,等.2008.中华秋沙鸭(Mergussquamatus)在江西省的越冬分布及种群数量调查.东北师大学报:自然科学版,40(1):11l-115.
林清贤,陈小麟,方文珍.2008.江西靖安发现中华秋沙鸭和海南鳽.动物学杂志,43(2):13.
邵明勤,曾宾宾,尚小龙,等.2012.江西鄱阳湖流域中华秋沙鸭越冬期间的集群特征.生态学报,32(10):3170-3176.
骆土寿,陈德祥,李仕春,等.2003.广东莲花山白盆珠自然保护区资源及其评价.广东林业科技,19(4):7-12.
汪志如,单继红,李言阔,等.2010.江西省中华秋沙鸭越冬种群现状调查与胁迫因素分析.四川动物,29(4):597-600.
易国栋,杨志杰,陈刚,等.2008.中华秋沙鸭繁殖习性初报.动物学杂志,43(6):57-61.
易国栋,杨志杰,刘宇,等.2010.中华秋沙鸭越冬行为时间分配及日活动节律.生态学报,30(8):2228-2234.
邹红菲,傅饶,沈广爽,等.2008.救助饲养的中华秋沙鸭生长指标的相关性.东北林业大学学报,36(7):49-50,64.
章志琴,夏瑾华,王艾平,等.2012.江西省境内中华秋沙鸭越冬生境选择.中国农学通报,28(35):29-32.
赵正阶.2001.中国鸟类志.长春:吉林科学技术出版社.