恶性肿瘤患者家属焦虑抑郁现况及影响因素探讨
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摘要
目的:调查恶性肿瘤患者家属的焦虑抑郁状况,探讨其可能的影响因素,为实施干预措施,提高家属心理健康水平提供理论依据。方法:采用现况调查的方法,使用Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)及自制恶性肿瘤患者家属的一般情况调查表,对济宁医学院附属医院确诊为恶性肿瘤患者的家属215例进行调查,并对结果进行分析。结果:恶性肿瘤患者家属的SAS平均得分为(46.52±10.33),高于国内常模(29.78±10.07,t=23.75,P=0.000);SDS平均得分为(51.64±10.88),高于国内常模(33.46±8.55,t=31.74,P=0.000)。恶性肿瘤患者家属接受教育年限≤9年SAS平均得分(48.61±9.58)高于接受教育年限>9年SAS平均得分(44.44±10.67,t=3.010,P=0.013);接受教育年限≤9年SDS平均得分(53.45±9.6)高于教育年限>9年SDS平均得分(49.85±11.73,t=2.450,P=0.015)。结论:癌症患者家属焦虑抑郁得分高于国内常模,主要影响因素有患者家属接受教育年限、家属性别,应关注癌症患者家属的心理状况,尤其是低学历和女性家属。
Objective To investigate the anxiety and depression status and influencing factors of the family members of patients with malignant tumor,to provide reference for the intervention measures and improvement of psychological health of family members.Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted.Zung anxiety self rating scale(SAS)and depression self rating scale(SDS)and self-made general condition questionnaire of family members of patients with malignant tumor were used on 215 family members of malignant tumor patients diagnosed in Jining Medical University Affiliated Hospital,and the results were analyzed by SPSS 18.0.Results The mean score of SAS of family members of patients with malignant tumor was(46.52±10.33),higher than the national norm(29.78±10.07)(t=23.75,P=0.000).The mean score of SDS was(51.64±10.88),higher than the national norm(33.46±8.55)(t=31.74,P=0.000).The mean score of SAS of the family members of patients with malignant tumor whose length of education was less than or equal to 9 years was(48.61±9.58),higher than those whose length of education was more than 9 years(44.44±10.67)(t=3.010,P=0.013).The mean score of SDS of the family members of patients with malignant tumor whose length of education was less than or equal to 9 years was(53.45±9.60),higher than those whose length of education was more than 9 years(49.85±11.73)(t=2.450,P=0.015).Conclusions The anxiety and depression scores of family members of patients with malignant tumor were higher than the national norm.The main influencing factors were the length of education and gender.We should focus on the psychological status of cancer patients' family members,especially those with less education and female family members.
Objective To investigate the anxiety and depression status and influencing factors of the family members of patients with malignant tumor,to provide reference for the intervention measures and improvement of psychological health of family members.Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted.Zung anxiety self rating scale(SAS)and depression self rating scale(SDS)and self-made general condition questionnaire of family members of patients with malignant tumor were used on 215 family members of malignant tumor patients diagnosed in Jining Medical University Affiliated Hospital,and the results were analyzed by SPSS 18.0.Results The mean score of SAS of family members of patients with malignant tumor was(46.52±10.33),higher than the national norm(29.78±10.07)(t=23.75,P=0.000).The mean score of SDS was(51.64±10.88),higher than the national norm(33.46±8.55)(t=31.74,P=0.000).The mean score of SAS of the family members of patients with malignant tumor whose length of education was less than or equal to 9 years was(48.61±9.58),higher than those whose length of education was more than 9 years(44.44±10.67)(t=3.010,P=0.013).The mean score of SDS of the family members of patients with malignant tumor whose length of education was less than or equal to 9 years was(53.45±9.60),higher than those whose length of education was more than 9 years(49.85±11.73)(t=2.450,P=0.015).Conclusions The anxiety and depression scores of family members of patients with malignant tumor were higher than the national norm.The main influencing factors were the length of education and gender.We should focus on the psychological status of cancer patients' family members,especially those with less education and female family members.
引文
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[11]马娜,欧小红,李莉,等.我国恶性肿瘤病人家属焦虑和抑郁相关因素的研究现状[J].齐鲁医学杂志,2014,29(2):186-188.
[12]王红,周莉莉,肖月锦,等.晚期恶性肿瘤患者及家属抑郁焦虑状况及影响因素[J].肿瘤学杂志,2011,17(4):286-288.
[13]Hodges LJ,Humphris GM,Macfarlane G.A meta-analytic investigation of the relationship between the psychological distress of cancer patients and their carers[J].Social Science&Medicine,2005,60(1):1-12.
[14]陈静,张遂亮,高鸣菊.心理干预对恶性肿瘤化疗病人心理的影响[J].全科护理,2016,14(2):1268-1281.
[15]丁彩霞.连续心理干预对脑肿瘤手术治疗患者及家属焦虑抑郁情绪的改善效果.中国医药导报,2015,12(29):143-146.
[2]夏祥雨,罗馨玫,汪英.恶性肿瘤患者家属的负担来源及其影响[J].华西医学,2014,29(7):1384-1386.
[3]张作记.行为医学量表[M].北京:中华医学电子音像出版社,2005:212-227.
[4]闫来荣,魏红艳,张龚,等.癌症患者家庭成员的心理健康状况调查及相关因素分析[J].中国行为医学科学,2004,13(5):514-515.
[5]丁秋平,叶志宏.恶性肿瘤患者主要照顾着心理健康状况及相关因素的调查研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[6]李香花,唐小波,黄美珠,等.恶性肿瘤化疗患者焦虑和抑郁的调查及心理干预[J].重庆医学,2016,45(4):538-540.
[7]Murakuramit Judges.Determinatants Of Parental Stress In Famiies.Adoptting Children From Eastern Europe Family Relations,2003(52):241-248.
[8]刘虹.术中恶性肿瘤患者家属状态焦虑、抑郁及影响因素研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.
[9]林小婷,陈茹梅,符之武,等.海口市食管癌高危人群肿瘤防治知识知晓情况[J].中国老年学杂志,2014,35(4):1066-1067.
[10]刘明辉,陈萌蕾,顾筱莉,等.晚期恶性肿瘤患者心理状况初步分析[J].中国癌症杂志,2014,24(11):852-856.
[11]马娜,欧小红,李莉,等.我国恶性肿瘤病人家属焦虑和抑郁相关因素的研究现状[J].齐鲁医学杂志,2014,29(2):186-188.
[12]王红,周莉莉,肖月锦,等.晚期恶性肿瘤患者及家属抑郁焦虑状况及影响因素[J].肿瘤学杂志,2011,17(4):286-288.
[13]Hodges LJ,Humphris GM,Macfarlane G.A meta-analytic investigation of the relationship between the psychological distress of cancer patients and their carers[J].Social Science&Medicine,2005,60(1):1-12.
[14]陈静,张遂亮,高鸣菊.心理干预对恶性肿瘤化疗病人心理的影响[J].全科护理,2016,14(2):1268-1281.
[15]丁彩霞.连续心理干预对脑肿瘤手术治疗患者及家属焦虑抑郁情绪的改善效果.中国医药导报,2015,12(29):143-146.