基于力矩平衡原理的转向架重心测定方法
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摘要
为了更加准确的对转向架重心空间位置进行测量,建立了依据力矩平衡原理的重心位置测试模型,分析了转向架重心位置与转向架各轮对轮重的关系.并依据单摆原理建立了天车摇摆法测试模型,分析了转向架重心高度与单摆周期的关系.运用基于力矩平衡原理的测试方法和天车摇摆法两种方法对转向架重心的空间位置进行了测试试验,并对两种测试方法所得到的数据进行分析计算,得到转向架重心位置的空间坐标.实验结果表明:天车摇摆法测试得到的转向架重心高度值与理论值相对误差为10. 47%,而且试验数据重复性差;运用力矩平衡原理测试得到的转向架重心空间坐标与理论值基本一致,相对误差均在0. 5%以内,且试验重复性好,证明了力矩平衡原理测试模型的准确性及可行性.
In order to measure the position of the gravity center of the bogie more accurately,the center-position test model based on the principle of torque balance principle is established,and the relationship between the center position of the bogie and the wheel of the bogie is analyzed. According to the principle of pendulum,the crane rocking method is established,and the relationship between the height of the bogie and the pendulum cycle is analyzed. After that,according to the principle of pendulum,the crane rocking method is established. Based on the test method of torque balance principle and the crane rocking method,the bogie center of gravity position is tested.The data obtained by the two test methods are analyzed and calculated to obtain the spatial coordinates of the bogie center of gravity position. The experimental crane-rocking method results show that the relative error between the height value of the bogie and the theoretical value of the bogie test is 10. 47%,and the reproducibility of the test data is poor. On the other hand,the test result based on the torque balance principle shows that the coordinate of the bogie is basically the same as the theoretical value,and the relative error is less than 0. 5%,the test repeatability is good,which proved the accuracy and feasibility of the torque balance principle test model.
In order to measure the position of the gravity center of the bogie more accurately,the center-position test model based on the principle of torque balance principle is established,and the relationship between the center position of the bogie and the wheel of the bogie is analyzed. According to the principle of pendulum,the crane rocking method is established,and the relationship between the height of the bogie and the pendulum cycle is analyzed. After that,according to the principle of pendulum,the crane rocking method is established. Based on the test method of torque balance principle and the crane rocking method,the bogie center of gravity position is tested.The data obtained by the two test methods are analyzed and calculated to obtain the spatial coordinates of the bogie center of gravity position. The experimental crane-rocking method results show that the relative error between the height value of the bogie and the theoretical value of the bogie test is 10. 47%,and the reproducibility of the test data is poor. On the other hand,the test result based on the torque balance principle shows that the coordinate of the bogie is basically the same as the theoretical value,and the relative error is less than 0. 5%,the test repeatability is good,which proved the accuracy and feasibility of the torque balance principle test model.
引文
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[3]MIKATA Y,YAMMANAKA M,KAMEOKA K,et al.Measuring the center of gravity with truck scale[C]∥Sice Conference. Tokyo,Japan:IEEE,2011:405-410.
[4]丁军君,李芾,黄运华.车辆重心高度对动力学性能的影响[J].铁道机车车辆,2008,28(6):32-36.DING Jun-jun,LI Fu,HUANG Yun-hua. Influence of gravity center height of loaded wagon on the dynamics performance[J]. Railway Locomotive&Car,2008,28(6):32-36.
[5]韩梅,王艳玲,庞亮,等.基于脱轨系数安全标准的重车重心限制高度[J].中国铁道科学,2007,28(4):106-110.HAN Mei,WANG Yan-ling,PANG Liang,et al. Gravity center height limit of loaded wagon based on safety crite-ria for derailment coefficient[J]. China Railway Science,2007,28(4):106-110.
[6]HASAN M M A E,EKTESABI M,KAPOOR A. Fuzzy logic controller in an Electric Vehicle with dynamically changing centre of gravity[C]∥IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies. Kandy,Sri Lanka:IEEE,2010:1-6.
[7]SELIM Solmaz,MEHMET Akar,ROBERT Shorten,et al.Real-time multiple-model estimation of centre of gravity position in automotive vehicles[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics,2008,46(9):763-788.
[8]HUANG X,WANG J. Center of gravity height real-time estimation for lightweight vehicles using tire instant effective radius[J]. Control Engineering Practice,2013,21(4):370-380.
[9]杨振祥,黄晓蓉,韩锟,等.机车重心位置的检测及对调簧的影响[J].铁道机车车辆,2007,27(1):35-38.YANG Zhen-xiang,HUANG Xiao-rong,HAN Kun,et al.Inspection and test of gravity center position of locomotive and infection to spring adjustment[J]. Railway Locomotive&Car,2007,27(1):35-38.
[10]ZHAO X T,JIANG H Z,ZHENG S T,et al. Precision gravity center position measurement system for heavy vehicles[J]. Key Engineering Materials,2006,315-316:788-791.
[11]陈建政,张卫华,陈良麒.车体参数测定方法研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2000,35(2):155-159.CHEN Jian-zheng,ZHANG Wei-hua,CHEN Liang-qi.On measuring methods for parameters of car body[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2000,35(2):155-159.
[12]曹晓宁,刘玉梅,苏建,等.转向架质心高度的测定[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(2):329-333.CAO Xiao-ning,LIU Yu-mei,SU Jian,et al. Determination of mass center height of bogie[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2013,43(2):329-333.
[13]吉林大学.一种龙门框架式轨道车辆转向架参数测定试验台:ZL201210346911. 0[P],2015-07-08.
[14]SOLMAZ S,AKAR M,SHORTEN R. Online center of gravity estimation in automotive vehicles using multiple models and switching[C]∥International Conference on Control,Automation,Robotics and Vision. Singapore:IEEE,2010:1-7.