钻杆振动频率检测系统的研制与应用
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摘要
在钻进过程中,当钻杆的固有频率与外部激励频率一致时,会产生共振现象。共振会使钻杆疲劳破坏,导致钻杆失效,造成严重后果。为了避免这种破坏,研制了一套基于微机电系统(MEMS)传感器的检测钻杆振动频率系统。此系统采用微型三轴加速度传感器测量钻杆3个方位的加速度变化,用LabVIEW编写的上位机软件进行存储、上传、显示、处理数据,将得到的数据进行快速傅里叶变换后分析出钻杆的振动频率。最后将此系统安装在钻杆上进行了钻进试验,分析得出了钻杆的纵向、横向、扭转振动频率及转速,为避免钻杆共振破坏和调整现场钻进参数提供了准确的信息。
During drilling, resonance is generated when the natural frequency of the drilling rod is consistent with the external excitation frequency. This will cause fatigue-failure of the drilling rod and serious consequences. To avoid this, a drilling rod vibration measurement system based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical System was designed.This system uses the three-axis acceleration sensor to measure the acceleration of the drilling rod in three directions.The upper computer software written in LabVIEW can storage, upload, display and process data. Then the fast Fourier Transform was taken to analyze the vibration frequency of the drilling rod. Finally the system is installed on the drilling rod for testing and analyzing the longitudinal, transverse, torsional vibration frequency and rotational speed of the drilling rod. It provides accurate information for adjusting the drilling parameters and avoiding resonance damage of the drilling rod.
During drilling, resonance is generated when the natural frequency of the drilling rod is consistent with the external excitation frequency. This will cause fatigue-failure of the drilling rod and serious consequences. To avoid this, a drilling rod vibration measurement system based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical System was designed.This system uses the three-axis acceleration sensor to measure the acceleration of the drilling rod in three directions.The upper computer software written in LabVIEW can storage, upload, display and process data. Then the fast Fourier Transform was taken to analyze the vibration frequency of the drilling rod. Finally the system is installed on the drilling rod for testing and analyzing the longitudinal, transverse, torsional vibration frequency and rotational speed of the drilling rod. It provides accurate information for adjusting the drilling parameters and avoiding resonance damage of the drilling rod.
引文
[1]江进国,舒晓勇,韦念龙,等.基于ANSYS软件的钻杆扭转振动分析[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2003,30(增刊1):176-178.JIANG Jinguo,SHU Xiaoyong,WEI Nianlong,et al.Drilling pipe torsional vibration analyses with ANSYS software[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2003,30(S1):176-178
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[9]闫铁,迟立宾,毕雪亮,等.基于钻柱内外钻井液流速影响的横向振动频率模型[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(1):19-22.YAN Tie,CHI Libin,BI Xueliang,et al.Model of drilling string lateral vibration frequecey under the influence of drilling fluid flow velocity inside and outside the drilling string[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(1):19-22.
[10]蒋海涛,郭战营.基于MEMS加速度传感器的飞行器倾角测量系统设计[J].计算机测量与控制,2010,18(1):107-109.JIANG Haitao,GUO Zhanying.Design of aircraft tilt measurement system based on MESM accelerometer sensor[J].Computer Measurement&Control,2010,18(1):107-109.
[11]林静,林振宇,郑福仁.LabVIEW虚拟仪器程序设计从入门到精通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010.
[12]胡郁乐,罗光强,杨国巍,等.PPTS-1压力传递型泥页岩渗透性测试系统[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(6):87-89.HU Yule,LUO Guangqiang,YANG Guowei,et al.Shale permeability testing system based on PPTS-1 pressure transmission[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2013,41(6):87-89.
[13]吴川,乌效鸣,文国军,等.液动冲击器孔底振动测试系统[J].煤矿机械,2014,35(4):129-131.WU Chuan,WU Xiaoming,WEN Guojun,et al.Bottom vibration test system of hydraulic impactor[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2014,35(4):129-131.
[2]БЛИНОВΓА,薛征.预防钻杆柱振动的方法和工具[J].国外铀矿地质,1986(3):74-76.БЛИНОВΓА,XUE Zheng.Methods and tools for preventing the vibration of drilling string[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,1986(3):74-76.
[3]董璇璇,罗兴臣.螺旋钻采煤机钻杆振动分析[J].现代制造技术与装备,2016(7):75-76.DONG Xuanxuan,LUO Xingchen.Design and supplication of motor restart in petrochemical enterprises[J].Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment,2016(7):75-76.
[4]陈师逊,杨芳.深部钻探复合钻杆的研究与应用[J].地质与勘探,2014,50(4):772-776.CHEN Shixun,YANG Fang.Researchand application of composite drill pipes in deep drilling[J].Geology and Exploration,2014,50(4):772-776.
[5]张巨川,段隆臣,王红波.基于ANSYS的煤田地质勘探钻杆振动模态分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(8):64-66.ZHANG Juchuan,DUAN Longchen,WANG Hongbo.Analysis on drilling rod vibration mode of coalfield geological exploration based on ANSYS[J].Coal Science and Technology,2009,37(8):64-66.
[6]刘少伟,付孟雄,张辉,等.煤巷顶板锚固孔钻进钻杆振动机理与特征分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(5):893-900.LIU Shaowei,FU Mengxiong,ZHANG Hui,et al.Vibration mechanism and characteristics analysis of drill rod when drilling roof bolt hole[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(5):893-900.
[7]李子丰,张永贵,侯绪田,等.钻柱纵向和扭转振动分析[J].工程力学,2004,21(6):203-210.LI Zifeng,ZHANG Yonggui,HOU Xutian,et al.Analysis of longitudinal and torsion vibration of drilling string[J].Engineering Mechanics,2004,21(6):203-210.
[8]李军强.井下温度对钻柱扭转振动固有频率影响的讨论[J].石油矿场机械,2006,35(6):1-4.LI Junqiang.Discussion for the influence on downhole temperature on torsion vibration natural frequencies of drill strings[J].Oil Field Equipment,2006,35(6):1-4.
[9]闫铁,迟立宾,毕雪亮,等.基于钻柱内外钻井液流速影响的横向振动频率模型[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(1):19-22.YAN Tie,CHI Libin,BI Xueliang,et al.Model of drilling string lateral vibration frequecey under the influence of drilling fluid flow velocity inside and outside the drilling string[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(1):19-22.
[10]蒋海涛,郭战营.基于MEMS加速度传感器的飞行器倾角测量系统设计[J].计算机测量与控制,2010,18(1):107-109.JIANG Haitao,GUO Zhanying.Design of aircraft tilt measurement system based on MESM accelerometer sensor[J].Computer Measurement&Control,2010,18(1):107-109.
[11]林静,林振宇,郑福仁.LabVIEW虚拟仪器程序设计从入门到精通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010.
[12]胡郁乐,罗光强,杨国巍,等.PPTS-1压力传递型泥页岩渗透性测试系统[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(6):87-89.HU Yule,LUO Guangqiang,YANG Guowei,et al.Shale permeability testing system based on PPTS-1 pressure transmission[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2013,41(6):87-89.
[13]吴川,乌效鸣,文国军,等.液动冲击器孔底振动测试系统[J].煤矿机械,2014,35(4):129-131.WU Chuan,WU Xiaoming,WEN Guojun,et al.Bottom vibration test system of hydraulic impactor[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2014,35(4):129-131.