精准扶贫战略背景下职业教育的挑战及其应对
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摘要
新时代背景下,教育扶贫是阻断贫困代际传递的根本之策。职业教育作为一种面向人人的教育,与精准扶贫战略目标高度契合。面对脱贫攻坚与社会转型,时代呼唤职业教育成为扶贫工作转型的主力军。运用教育可持续发展观念应对服务对象精准化、脱贫功能转换、方法路径创新的挑战,一方面要开拓多元化路径,关注人才输入—培养—输出,另一方面要协调政府、职业学校、社会以及个体四大主体关系建构命运共同体。
In the new era, education and poverty alleviation is the fundamental strategy to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty. As a kind of education serving everyone, vocational education is highly compatible with the strategic goal of precise poverty alleviation. In the process of poverty alleviation and social transformation, the era calls for vocational education as the major force in transforming poverty alleviation work. Applying the concept of sustainable development in education can meet the challenges in poverty alleviation including precise object positioning, transforming the function of poverty alleviation, and approach innovation. On the one hand, we need to diversify methods of vocational education, focusing on talent input-cultivation-production. On the other hand, it is necessary to coordinate the relationships among the government, vocational schools, society and individuals to construct a community of destiny.
In the new era, education and poverty alleviation is the fundamental strategy to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty. As a kind of education serving everyone, vocational education is highly compatible with the strategic goal of precise poverty alleviation. In the process of poverty alleviation and social transformation, the era calls for vocational education as the major force in transforming poverty alleviation work. Applying the concept of sustainable development in education can meet the challenges in poverty alleviation including precise object positioning, transforming the function of poverty alleviation, and approach innovation. On the one hand, we need to diversify methods of vocational education, focusing on talent input-cultivation-production. On the other hand, it is necessary to coordinate the relationships among the government, vocational schools, society and individuals to construct a community of destiny.
引文
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[12]黄炎培.怎么办职业教育//田正平,李笑贤.黄炎培教育论著选[C](.北京):人民教育出版社,1993:251.
[13]刘应科.职业教育助推精准扶贫的价值、实践困境与策略[J].高等职业教育探索,2017,16(05):11-15.
[14]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.中共中央国务院印发《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011-2020年)》[EB/OL].[2011-12-01].http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2011/content_2020905.htm.
[15]中华人民共和国教育部.当湖南职业教育打开一扇窗你能看到什么?[EB/OL].[2018-05-15].http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/xw_zt/moe_357/jyzt_2018n/2018_zt10/18zt10_mtbd/201805/t20180515_336064.html
[2]阿玛蒂亚·森.以自由看待发展[M].任赜,于真译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2002:14.
[3]黄炎培.黄炎培教育文选[M].上海:上海教育出版社,1985:59.
[4]习近平.摆脱贫困[M].福州:福建人民出版社,2014:8.
[5]习近平.习近平谈治国理政(第二卷)[M].北京:外文出版社,2017:83.
[6]习近平就加快发展职业教育作出重要指示[N].人民日报,2014-06-24(1).
[7]教育部等六部门.教育脱贫攻坚“十三五”规划[EB/OL].[2016-12-27].http://www.moe.edu.cn/srcsite/A03/moe_1892/moe_630/201612/t20161229_293351.html.
[8]韦·卡普拉,查·斯普雷纳克.绿色政治-全球的希望[M].石音译.北京:东方出版社,1988:329.
[9]中华人民共和国教育部.教育部国务院扶贫办将联合印发《职业教育东西协作行动计划(2016-2020年)》[EB/OL].[2016-10-17].http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/201610/t20161017_285210.html.
[10]河北省教育厅.河北省教育厅关于遴选推荐城市优质中等职业学校招收农村建档立卡贫困家庭学生的通知[EB/OL].[2018-06-29].http://www.czjyw.gov.cn/zcjy/540930.shtml.
[11]高强,李红,张妍妍.基于通用能力培养的高职院校课程模式研究[J].中国职业技术育,2015(32):76-79.
[12]黄炎培.怎么办职业教育//田正平,李笑贤.黄炎培教育论著选[C](.北京):人民教育出版社,1993:251.
[13]刘应科.职业教育助推精准扶贫的价值、实践困境与策略[J].高等职业教育探索,2017,16(05):11-15.
[14]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.中共中央国务院印发《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011-2020年)》[EB/OL].[2011-12-01].http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2011/content_2020905.htm.
[15]中华人民共和国教育部.当湖南职业教育打开一扇窗你能看到什么?[EB/OL].[2018-05-15].http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/xw_zt/moe_357/jyzt_2018n/2018_zt10/18zt10_mtbd/201805/t20180515_336064.html