增材制造中STL模型三角面片法向量自适应分层算法研究
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摘要
本文提出了增材制造技术中STL模型三角面片法向量自适应分层新算法。该方法寻找与层厚t相交的三角面片的最小法向量,应用三维模型体素中x-y分辨率和STL模型中三角面片法向量与制造方向间夹角变化关系,实现STL模型的自适应分层。用此方法分层,减少了分层参数处理的复杂性,使自适应分层变得更加简单且易实现,得到的分层厚度值更加准确。由于自适应分层是在允许的误差范围内得到的分层厚度,因此在STL模型轮廓变化明显的区域分层更加精细。
In the paper,a new algorithm for the adaptive layering of triangular facet of the stereolithography(STL)model is proposed in the additive manufacturing technology. In this method,the minimum normal vector of the triangular facet intersecting with the thickness t of the layer is found,and then the relationship between the x-y resolution in the three-dimensional model voxels and the triangular facet normal vector in the STL model and the change direction of the manufacturing direction is applied to achieve adaptive layer of the STL model. With this method,the complexity of layering parameter processing is reduced,the adaptive layering becomes simpler and easier to realize,and the obtained layer thickness is more accurate. Since the adaptive layering is the layer thickness obtained within the allowable errors range,layering in the contour change area of the STL model is more refined.
In the paper,a new algorithm for the adaptive layering of triangular facet of the stereolithography(STL)model is proposed in the additive manufacturing technology. In this method,the minimum normal vector of the triangular facet intersecting with the thickness t of the layer is found,and then the relationship between the x-y resolution in the three-dimensional model voxels and the triangular facet normal vector in the STL model and the change direction of the manufacturing direction is applied to achieve adaptive layer of the STL model. With this method,the complexity of layering parameter processing is reduced,the adaptive layering becomes simpler and easier to realize,and the obtained layer thickness is more accurate. Since the adaptive layering is the layer thickness obtained within the allowable errors range,layering in the contour change area of the STL model is more refined.
引文
[1]罗楠,王泉,刘红霞.一种快速3D打印分层方向确定算法[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(5):140-146Luo N, Wang Q, Liu H X. A fast determination algorithm for slicing direction of 3D printing[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2015,49(5):140-146(in Chinese)
[2] Sikder S,Barari A,Kishawy H A. Global adaptive slicing of NURBS based sculptured surface for minimum texture error in rapid prototyping[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal,2015,21(6):649-661
[3] Taufik M,Jain P K. Laser assisted finishing process for improved surface finish of fused deposition modelled parts[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2017,30:161-177
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[11]林洁琼,王一博,靖贤,等.增材制造中STL模型的自适应分层算法研究[J].机械设计与制造,2018,2(2):51-53,57Lin J Q, Wang Y B, Jing X, et al. Research on adaptive slicing algorithm of STL model in additive manufacturing[J]. Machinery Design&Manufacture,2018,2(2):51-53,57(in Chinese)
[12] Taufik M,Jain P K. Surface roughness improvement using volumetric error control through adaptive slicing[J].International Journal of Rapid Manufacturing,2017,6(4):279-302
[13] Aremu A O,Brennan-Craddock J P J,Panesar A,et al.A voxel-based method of constructing and skinning conformal and functionally graded lattice structures suitable for additive manufacturing[J]. Additive Manufacturing,2017,13:1-13
[14] Patil S,Ravi B. Voxel-based representation,display and thickness analysis of intricate shapes[C]//Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics. Hong Kong,China:IEEE,2005:6
[15] Sylvain L. ICESL:a GPU accelerated CSG modeler and slicer[C]//Proceedings of the 18th European Forum on Additive Manufacturing. Paris,France,2013:1-17
[16] Maidin S,Mohamed A S,Akmal S,et al. Feasibility study of vacuum technology integrated fused deposition modeling to reduce staircase effect[J]. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences,2018,10(1S):633-645
[17]蒋兴方,王英.基于三角面片法矢量的适应性分层算法[J].湖南工业职业技术学院学报,2013,13(1):15-17Jiang X F, Wang Y. Triangular facet normal vector based adaptive slicing algorithm[J]. Journal of Hunan Industry Polytechnic,2013,13(1):15-17(in Chinese)
[18] Hayasi M,Asiabanpour B. Close to CAD model curvedform adaptive slicing[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal,2014,20(2):133-144
[19] Huang B,Singamneni S B. Curved Layer Adaptive Slicing(CLAS)for fused deposition modelling[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal,2015,21(4):354-367
[2] Sikder S,Barari A,Kishawy H A. Global adaptive slicing of NURBS based sculptured surface for minimum texture error in rapid prototyping[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal,2015,21(6):649-661
[3] Taufik M,Jain P K. Laser assisted finishing process for improved surface finish of fused deposition modelled parts[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2017,30:161-177
[4]龚运息,陈晨,夏名祥,等.FDM 3D打印模型表面阶梯效应的分析[J].制造技术与机床,2016(4):27-30Gong Y X,Chen C,Xia M X,et al. Step effect analysis of FDM 3D printing model surface[J]. Manufacturing Technology&Machine Tool, 2016(4):27-30(in Chinese)
[5] Minetto R,Volpato N,Stolfi J,et al. An optimal algorithm for 3D triangle mesh slicing[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2017,92:1-10
[6]陈昆,潘小帝,陈定方.一种快速成型自适应分层算法[J].武汉理工大学学报:交通科学与工程版,2014,38(3):547-551Chen K,Pan X D,Chen D F. An adaptive slicing algorithm of rapid prototyping[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology:Transportation Science&Engineering,2014,38(3):547-551(in Chinese)
[7]郑华林,王浩宇.快速成型中有效保留模型特征的自适应分层方法[J].应用光学,2017,38(5):758-763Zheng H L,Wang H Y. Adaptive slicing algorithm to keep model characteristics for rapid prototyping[J].Journal of Applied Optics,2017,38(5):758-763(in Chinese)
[8] Luo N,Wang Q. Fast slicing orientation determining and optimizing algorithm for least volumetric error in rapid prototyping[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,83(5-8):1297-1313
[9]周惠群,吴建军.基于STL模型的轮廓线自适应分层方法研究[J].机械与电子,2015(8):14-17Zhou H Q,Wu J J. Study on the method of adaptive slicing contour line based on STL model[J]. Machinery&Electronics,2015(8):14-17(in Chinese)
[10]周惠群,吴建军.快速成形CAD模型的轮廓曲线直接分层新算法[J].电加工与模具,2015(2):43-46Zhou H Q,Wu J J. New direct slicing algorithm for contour curve of CAD model based on rapid prototyping[J].Electromachining&Mould,2015(2):43-46(in Chinese)
[11]林洁琼,王一博,靖贤,等.增材制造中STL模型的自适应分层算法研究[J].机械设计与制造,2018,2(2):51-53,57Lin J Q, Wang Y B, Jing X, et al. Research on adaptive slicing algorithm of STL model in additive manufacturing[J]. Machinery Design&Manufacture,2018,2(2):51-53,57(in Chinese)
[12] Taufik M,Jain P K. Surface roughness improvement using volumetric error control through adaptive slicing[J].International Journal of Rapid Manufacturing,2017,6(4):279-302
[13] Aremu A O,Brennan-Craddock J P J,Panesar A,et al.A voxel-based method of constructing and skinning conformal and functionally graded lattice structures suitable for additive manufacturing[J]. Additive Manufacturing,2017,13:1-13
[14] Patil S,Ravi B. Voxel-based representation,display and thickness analysis of intricate shapes[C]//Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics. Hong Kong,China:IEEE,2005:6
[15] Sylvain L. ICESL:a GPU accelerated CSG modeler and slicer[C]//Proceedings of the 18th European Forum on Additive Manufacturing. Paris,France,2013:1-17
[16] Maidin S,Mohamed A S,Akmal S,et al. Feasibility study of vacuum technology integrated fused deposition modeling to reduce staircase effect[J]. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences,2018,10(1S):633-645
[17]蒋兴方,王英.基于三角面片法矢量的适应性分层算法[J].湖南工业职业技术学院学报,2013,13(1):15-17Jiang X F, Wang Y. Triangular facet normal vector based adaptive slicing algorithm[J]. Journal of Hunan Industry Polytechnic,2013,13(1):15-17(in Chinese)
[18] Hayasi M,Asiabanpour B. Close to CAD model curvedform adaptive slicing[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal,2014,20(2):133-144
[19] Huang B,Singamneni S B. Curved Layer Adaptive Slicing(CLAS)for fused deposition modelling[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal,2015,21(4):354-367