几种农药对蔬菜烟粉虱的防效评价
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摘要
[目的]筛选对烟粉虱具有高效、低毒、低残留的农药,为蔬菜烟粉虱的绿色防控提供新的手段。[方法]通过室内毒力测定和田间防效测定,分别对19%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂、10%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂、80%烯啶·吡蚜酮水分散粒剂、50%烯啶虫胺可溶粒剂、50%氟啶虫胺腈水分散粒剂、40%氯虫·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂6种药剂防治烟粉虱成虫和若虫的效果进行研究。[结果]供试6种农药对烟粉虱若虫的LC_(50)(有效成分)均小于50 mg/L,其中19%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂(0.116 9 mg/L)、10%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂(0.211 0 mg/L)、50%烯啶虫胺可溶粒剂(0.213 2 mg/L)3种农药对烟粉虱若虫的LC_(50)(有效成分)均小于1 mg/L。药后1 d,19%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂(72.12%)、10%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂(60.25%)、50%烯啶虫胺可溶粒剂(65.93%)、50%氟啶虫胺腈水分散粒剂(58.22%)4种农药对烟粉虱成虫的防效大于58%,80%烯啶·吡蚜酮水分散粒剂和40%氯虫·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂的防效也在50%左右,表现出较好的速效性;50%烯啶虫胺可溶粒剂药后15 d防效仍达64.72%,表现出较好的长效性。供试6种农药对烟粉虱若虫也有较好的防效,药后1 d,19%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂(67.26%)、50%烯啶虫胺可溶粒剂(63.79%)、10%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂(57.96%)、50%氟啶虫胺腈水分散粒剂(54.59%)对烟粉虱若虫的防效均在54%以上,另外2种农药的防效也在40%左右,表现出较好的速效性;50%烯啶虫胺可溶粒剂药后15 d防效仍达82.28%,表现出较好的长效性。[结论]供试6种农药对烟粉虱均具有较好的防效,但不同农药的高效作用期存在明显差异。
[Objective] To screen pesticides with high efficiency,low toxicity and low residue,and provide a new means for green control of Bemisia tabaci.[Method] Through indoor virulence determination and field control determination,the control effects of six pesticides on the adults and nymphs of B.tabaci were studied.The 6 pesticides tested were 19% cyantraniliprole suspension,10% cyantraniliprole suspension,80% ene pyridine pyridone water dispersible granules,50% nitenpyram soluble granules,50% sulfoxaflor water dispersible granule and 40% chlorothiazine water-dispersible granules.[Result] The LC_(50)(active ingredient) of the six pesticides tested against B.tabaci were all less than 50 mg/L,of which 19% cyantraniliprole suspension(0.116 9 mg/L),10% cyantraniliprole suspension(0.211 0 mg/L) and 50% nitenpyram soluble granules(0.213 2 mg/L) were less than 1 mg/L.1 day after pesticide treatment,the control effects of four pesticides such as 19% cyantraniliprole suspension(72.12%),10% cyantraniliprole suspension(60.25%),50% nitenpyram soluble granule(65.93%) and 50% sulfoxaflor water-dispersible granules(58.22%) on adults of B.tabaci were more than 58%,while the effects of 80% ene pyridine·pyridone water dispersible granules and 40% chlorothiazine water dispersible granules were also achieved 50% and or so,which means better quick-acting effect.The effect of 50% nitenpyram soluble granules after 15 days treatment was still more than 64.72%,which showed long-term effectiveness.The results also confirmed that the six tested pesticides had control effects against the nymph of B.tabaci.1 day after treatment,the control effects of 19% cyantraniliprole suspension(67.26%),50% nitenpyram soluble granules(63.79%),10% cyantraniliprole suspension(57.96%) and 50% sulfoxaflor water-dispersible granules(54.59%),on the nymphs of B.tabaci were all more than 54%,and the control effects of other two pesticides were also achieved 40% or so.After 15 days of treatment,the effect of 50% nitenpyram soluble granules was still reached 82.28%,showing good long-term efficacy.[Conclusion] The six pesticides tested all showed good control effects on B.tabaci,but there were differences in the drug efficacy period of different pesticides.
[Objective] To screen pesticides with high efficiency,low toxicity and low residue,and provide a new means for green control of Bemisia tabaci.[Method] Through indoor virulence determination and field control determination,the control effects of six pesticides on the adults and nymphs of B.tabaci were studied.The 6 pesticides tested were 19% cyantraniliprole suspension,10% cyantraniliprole suspension,80% ene pyridine pyridone water dispersible granules,50% nitenpyram soluble granules,50% sulfoxaflor water dispersible granule and 40% chlorothiazine water-dispersible granules.[Result] The LC_(50)(active ingredient) of the six pesticides tested against B.tabaci were all less than 50 mg/L,of which 19% cyantraniliprole suspension(0.116 9 mg/L),10% cyantraniliprole suspension(0.211 0 mg/L) and 50% nitenpyram soluble granules(0.213 2 mg/L) were less than 1 mg/L.1 day after pesticide treatment,the control effects of four pesticides such as 19% cyantraniliprole suspension(72.12%),10% cyantraniliprole suspension(60.25%),50% nitenpyram soluble granule(65.93%) and 50% sulfoxaflor water-dispersible granules(58.22%) on adults of B.tabaci were more than 58%,while the effects of 80% ene pyridine·pyridone water dispersible granules and 40% chlorothiazine water dispersible granules were also achieved 50% and or so,which means better quick-acting effect.The effect of 50% nitenpyram soluble granules after 15 days treatment was still more than 64.72%,which showed long-term effectiveness.The results also confirmed that the six tested pesticides had control effects against the nymph of B.tabaci.1 day after treatment,the control effects of 19% cyantraniliprole suspension(67.26%),50% nitenpyram soluble granules(63.79%),10% cyantraniliprole suspension(57.96%) and 50% sulfoxaflor water-dispersible granules(54.59%),on the nymphs of B.tabaci were all more than 54%,and the control effects of other two pesticides were also achieved 40% or so.After 15 days of treatment,the effect of 50% nitenpyram soluble granules was still reached 82.28%,showing good long-term efficacy.[Conclusion] The six pesticides tested all showed good control effects on B.tabaci,but there were differences in the drug efficacy period of different pesticides.
引文
[1] 杨爱民,周福才,胡其靖,等.烟粉虱对辣椒产量和品质的影响[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2014,35(1):77-80.
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[3] 周福才,杜予州,孙伟,等.江苏省烟粉虱寄主植物调查及其危害评价[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2003,24(1):71-74,78.
[4] 赵斌,衡森,陈学好,等.设施黄瓜烟粉虱的区域生态控制研究[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(4):784-790.
[5] 衡森,周福才,陈学好,等.芹菜不同种植方式对3种蔬菜田烟粉虱的控制作用[J].植物保护,2017,43(3):110-113.
[6] 周福才.江苏地区烟粉虱的发生为害与生态防控[J].中国植保导刊,2017,37(1):41-45.
[7] 沈斌斌,任顺祥,吴建辉,等.几种重要药剂对烟粉虱的毒力测定[J].江西农业大学学报,2005,27(5):670-673.
[8] 邓业成,徐汉虹,雷玲.烟粉虱的化学防治及抗药性[J].农药,2004,43(1):10-15.
[9] 宋晓宇,袁会珠,齐淑华,等.7种杀虫剂对北京地区烟粉虱成虫毒力的比较研究[J]. 农药科学与管理,2007,25(1):13-15.
[10] 杨代凤,周奋启,顾俊荣,等.5种药剂对烟粉虱的室内毒力及田间防效[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(7):114-115.
[11] 周福才,李传明,顾爱祥,等.B型烟粉虱对寄主转换的适应性[J].生态学报,2011,31(21):6505-6512.
[2] 周福才,杜予州,陆自强,等.江苏发现B型烟粉虱危害[J].扬州大学学报(自然科学版) ,2001,4(3):37
[3] 周福才,杜予州,孙伟,等.江苏省烟粉虱寄主植物调查及其危害评价[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2003,24(1):71-74,78.
[4] 赵斌,衡森,陈学好,等.设施黄瓜烟粉虱的区域生态控制研究[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(4):784-790.
[5] 衡森,周福才,陈学好,等.芹菜不同种植方式对3种蔬菜田烟粉虱的控制作用[J].植物保护,2017,43(3):110-113.
[6] 周福才.江苏地区烟粉虱的发生为害与生态防控[J].中国植保导刊,2017,37(1):41-45.
[7] 沈斌斌,任顺祥,吴建辉,等.几种重要药剂对烟粉虱的毒力测定[J].江西农业大学学报,2005,27(5):670-673.
[8] 邓业成,徐汉虹,雷玲.烟粉虱的化学防治及抗药性[J].农药,2004,43(1):10-15.
[9] 宋晓宇,袁会珠,齐淑华,等.7种杀虫剂对北京地区烟粉虱成虫毒力的比较研究[J]. 农药科学与管理,2007,25(1):13-15.
[10] 杨代凤,周奋启,顾俊荣,等.5种药剂对烟粉虱的室内毒力及田间防效[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(7):114-115.
[11] 周福才,李传明,顾爱祥,等.B型烟粉虱对寄主转换的适应性[J].生态学报,2011,31(21):6505-6512.