接种点柄乳牛肝菌对樟子松枯梢病抗病性的影响
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摘要
为了研究外生菌根菌提高寄主抗病性的机理,以3年生樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)实生苗为研究对象,测定了樟子松枯梢病原菌(Sphaeropsis sapinea)侵染对接种点柄乳牛肝菌(接SG×接菌组)与不接种点柄乳牛肝菌(接菌组)和单独接种点柄乳牛肝菌(接SG组)3个处理组的病情指数、叶绿素质量浓度、抗病相关酶(CAT、PPO、SOD)活性的影响。结果表明:在接种病原菌30 d后,接菌组病情指数明显高于接SG×接菌组;叶绿素质量浓度由高到低依次为接SG组、接SG×接菌组、接菌组;PPO和SOD活性由高到低依次为接SG组、接SG×接菌组、接菌组,且变化趋势不随时间改变;CAT活性由高到低依次为接菌组、接SG×接菌组、接SG组。综上,在枯梢病病原胁迫下,点柄乳牛肝菌根可以有效提高樟子松叶绿素质量浓度、PPO和SOD活性,降低樟子松枯梢病的病情指数及CAT活性,且大部分指标差异显著(P<0.05)。在枯梢病病原菌的作用下,点柄乳牛肝菌根能够正向调节樟子松的生理生化指标,进而提高樟子松对枯梢病的抗病性。
For the mechanism of ectomycorrhizal enhancing the resistance of hosts,with 3-year-old seedlings of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica inoculated with Suillus granulatus(SG group),Sphaeropsis sapinea and Suillus granulatus(SG×pathogen group),and Sphaeropsis sapinea(pathogen group),we studied the effects of changes of disease index,chlorophyll concentration and activities on disease resistance related enzymes(CAT,PPO,SOD).The results showed that after P.sylvestris var.mongolica was inoculated of the pathogen for 30 d,the disease index of the inoculation inoculated Sphaeropsis sapinea(pathogen group) was significantly higher than that of the inoculated with Suillus granulatus(SG group).In the content of chlorophyll,SG group,SG×pathogen group,pathogen group.In the activity of antioxidant enzyme,the activity of PPO and SOD remained in SG group,pathogen × SG group,pathogen group,and the change trend did not change with time.CAT activity was connected to pathogen group,SG×pathogen group,and SG group.Under the pathogen stress,Suillus granulatus could effectively increase the content of chlorophyll,the activity of PPO and SOD,and decrease the disease index and the activity of CAT.Most of the indicators reached significant differences(P<0.05).Under the action of pathogen,Suillus granulatus could positively regulate the physiological and biochemical indexes of P.sylvestris var.mongolica and improve the resistance of P.sylvestris var.mongolica shoot blight.
For the mechanism of ectomycorrhizal enhancing the resistance of hosts,with 3-year-old seedlings of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica inoculated with Suillus granulatus(SG group),Sphaeropsis sapinea and Suillus granulatus(SG×pathogen group),and Sphaeropsis sapinea(pathogen group),we studied the effects of changes of disease index,chlorophyll concentration and activities on disease resistance related enzymes(CAT,PPO,SOD).The results showed that after P.sylvestris var.mongolica was inoculated of the pathogen for 30 d,the disease index of the inoculation inoculated Sphaeropsis sapinea(pathogen group) was significantly higher than that of the inoculated with Suillus granulatus(SG group).In the content of chlorophyll,SG group,SG×pathogen group,pathogen group.In the activity of antioxidant enzyme,the activity of PPO and SOD remained in SG group,pathogen × SG group,pathogen group,and the change trend did not change with time.CAT activity was connected to pathogen group,SG×pathogen group,and SG group.Under the pathogen stress,Suillus granulatus could effectively increase the content of chlorophyll,the activity of PPO and SOD,and decrease the disease index and the activity of CAT.Most of the indicators reached significant differences(P<0.05).Under the action of pathogen,Suillus granulatus could positively regulate the physiological and biochemical indexes of P.sylvestris var.mongolica and improve the resistance of P.sylvestris var.mongolica shoot blight.
引文
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[19] 郭渊,唐明,王亚军,等.外生菌根真菌对油松幼苗的接种效应[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(5):116-119.
[20] 邬琰,苏腾伟,伍建榕.巧家五针松人工繁育种群主要病虫害种类调查及其防治研究[J].林业调查规划,2016,41(2):73-77.
[21] 邹林有.宽叶荨麻叶绿素提取工艺的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(24):12235-12236,12239.
[22] 曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2007.
[23] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[24] KLAPHECK S, ZIMMER I,COSSE H. Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide in the endosperm of Ricinus communis by ascorbate peroxidase[J]. Plant Cell Physiology,1990,31(7):1005-1013.
[25] 林晓萍.白粉病侵染对苜蓿叶片叶绿素含量的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2005(7):63-64.
[26] 李玥仁,商鸿生.条锈菌侵染对小麦光合作用和蒸腾作用的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2001,21(2):51-56.
[27] 刘雅倩,谢南南,赵锦,等.枣疯病植原体侵染对枣树叶绿素含量的影响[J].植物保护,2012,38(3):18-22.
[28] 胡华英,曹升,张虹,等.丛枝菌根真菌提高林木抗逆性机制研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2018.doi:10.13348/j.cnki.sjlyyj.2018.0077.y.
[29] 陈婕.丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)提高刺槐耐盐性机制的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018.
[30] DEMPSEY D A, KLESSIG D F. Signals in plant disease resistance[J]. Bulletin de Linstitut Pasteur,1995,93(3):167-186.
[31] 牛立元,王鸿升,石明旺.小麦叶片SOD、POD活性与白粉病抗性关系[J].河南职业技术师范学院学报,2004,32(4):5-8.
[32] CHEN Z, KLESSIG D F. Identification of a soluble salicylic acid-binding protein that may function in signal transduction in the plant disease-resistance response[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1991,88(18):8179-8183.
[2] 黄敬林,李耀民,杨传波,等.樟子松枯梢病的侵染规律[J].东北林业大学学报,2002,30(3):13-16.
[3] MATSUDA Y, HAYAKAWA N, ITO S. Local and microscale distributions of Cenococcum geophilum in soils of coastal pine forests[J]. Fungal Ecology,2009,2(1):31-35.
[4] BUSCARDO E, RODRíGUEZ-ECHEVERRíA S, MARTíN M P, et al. Impact of wildfire return interval on the ectomycorrhizal resistant propagules communities of a Mediterranean open forest[J]. Fungal Biology,2010,114(8):628-636.
[5] WHIPPS J M. Prospects and limitations for mycorrhizas in biocontrol of root pathogens[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany-Revue Canadienne de Botanique,2004,82(8):1198-1227.
[6] 雷增普,金均然,王昌温.外生菌根菌对植物根部病害病原菌拮抗作用的研究[J].林业科学,1989,25(6):502-508.
[7] 刘润进.丛枝菌根及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[8] 张文泉,罗国涛,邓洁.樟子松组培苗菌根化技术研究[J].西部林业科学,2016,45(6):152-155.
[9] 顾振芳,王卫青,朱爱萍,等.黄瓜对霜霉病的抗性与叶绿素含量、气孔密度的相关性[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2004,22(4):381-384.
[10] 胥爱玲,张亚平,佘长夫.黄瓜抗病性与叶绿素含量的关系及遗传性研究[J].新疆农业科学,1995(1):23-26.
[11] 刘会宁,朱建强,万幼新.几个欧亚种葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性鉴定[J].上海农业学报,2001,17(3):64-67.
[12] 郭红莲,陈捷,高增贵.游离脯氨酸在玉米灰斑病抗性机制中作用的研究[J].玉米科学,2003,11(1):83-85.
[13] 潘汝谦,康必鉴,黄建民,等.水稻稻瘟病菌致病性分化研究[J].华南农业大学学报,1999,20(3):15-18.
[14] 葛秀春,宋凤鸣,郑重.稻瘟菌侵染后水稻幼苗活性氧的产生与抗病性的关系[J].植物生理学报,2000,26(3):227-231.
[15] 李靖,利容千,袁文静.黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J].植物病理学报,1991,21(4):276-283.
[16] 李洪杰,王晓鸣,宋凤景,等.中国小麦品种对白粉病的抗性反应与抗病基因检测[J].作物学报,2011,37(6):943-954.
[17] 王保莉,杨春,曲东.环境因素对小麦苗期SOD、MDA及可溶性蛋白的影响[J].西北农业大学学报,2000,28(6):72-77.
[18] 刘兵兵,孙树青,铁英,等.不同栽植密度下樟子松菌根苗与普通苗生长状况分析[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2018,41(4):22-24.
[19] 郭渊,唐明,王亚军,等.外生菌根真菌对油松幼苗的接种效应[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(5):116-119.
[20] 邬琰,苏腾伟,伍建榕.巧家五针松人工繁育种群主要病虫害种类调查及其防治研究[J].林业调查规划,2016,41(2):73-77.
[21] 邹林有.宽叶荨麻叶绿素提取工艺的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(24):12235-12236,12239.
[22] 曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2007.
[23] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[24] KLAPHECK S, ZIMMER I,COSSE H. Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide in the endosperm of Ricinus communis by ascorbate peroxidase[J]. Plant Cell Physiology,1990,31(7):1005-1013.
[25] 林晓萍.白粉病侵染对苜蓿叶片叶绿素含量的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2005(7):63-64.
[26] 李玥仁,商鸿生.条锈菌侵染对小麦光合作用和蒸腾作用的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2001,21(2):51-56.
[27] 刘雅倩,谢南南,赵锦,等.枣疯病植原体侵染对枣树叶绿素含量的影响[J].植物保护,2012,38(3):18-22.
[28] 胡华英,曹升,张虹,等.丛枝菌根真菌提高林木抗逆性机制研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2018.doi:10.13348/j.cnki.sjlyyj.2018.0077.y.
[29] 陈婕.丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)提高刺槐耐盐性机制的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018.
[30] DEMPSEY D A, KLESSIG D F. Signals in plant disease resistance[J]. Bulletin de Linstitut Pasteur,1995,93(3):167-186.
[31] 牛立元,王鸿升,石明旺.小麦叶片SOD、POD活性与白粉病抗性关系[J].河南职业技术师范学院学报,2004,32(4):5-8.
[32] CHEN Z, KLESSIG D F. Identification of a soluble salicylic acid-binding protein that may function in signal transduction in the plant disease-resistance response[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1991,88(18):8179-8183.