兴国县农村居民高血压的患病现状及影响因素研究
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摘要
目的了解江西省兴国县农村居民高血压的流行现状,分析其可能的影响因素,为更好地开展国家科技惠民项目及在基层有效实施高血压防治一体化,为提高当地居民的健康水平提供数据参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取兴国县农村居民3163户,对年满18岁(10 848人)的居民进行问卷调查及体格检查;高血压患病影响因素的研究采用多因素的Logistic回归分析。结果调查人群中高血压患病率为25.19%(年龄标化患病率为19.79%),且年龄越大患病率越高(χ_(趋势)~2=1732.818,P<0.001)。男性高血压患病率为24.95%,女性高血压患病率为25.48%,二者比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.400,P=0.527)。Losgistic回归分析显示:增龄、超质量或肥胖、高血压家族史及中心性肥胖为兴国县农村居民高血压患病的独立危险因素;经常食用豆类、豆制品和经常参加体育锻炼为保护因素。结论兴国县农村居民的高血压患病率较高,应针对具有以上危险因素的重点人群采取合理有效的防治措施;提倡体育锻炼,控制体质量,定期监测血压,以减少高血压的危害。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among rural residents in Xingguo county,and to provide the references for carrying out the National Science and Technology Project for Public Wellbeing,adopting the whole set of prevention and treatment of hypertension at the grass-roots level and further improving the health level of local residents.Methods A total of 3163 rural families in Xingguo county were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling,and 10 848 residents over 18 years old received questionnaire and physical examination.The factors influencing hypertension were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of hypertension was 25.19%(age-adjusted prevalence 19.79%),and it increased with age(χ~2 =1732.818,P<0.001).The prevalence among males(24.95%) was lower than that among females(25.48%),but the difference was not significant(χ~2=0.400,P = 0.527).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the old age,overweight or obesity,family history of hypertension,and central obesity were the risk factors for hypertension.The regular consumption of beans/bean products,and physical activity were the protective factors for hypertension.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is high among rural residents in Xingguo county.The emphasis should be placed on the effective prevention and control measures for the high-risk population.Physical exercise,weight control and regular monitoring of blood pressure should be carried out to reduce the harm of hypertension.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among rural residents in Xingguo county,and to provide the references for carrying out the National Science and Technology Project for Public Wellbeing,adopting the whole set of prevention and treatment of hypertension at the grass-roots level and further improving the health level of local residents.Methods A total of 3163 rural families in Xingguo county were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling,and 10 848 residents over 18 years old received questionnaire and physical examination.The factors influencing hypertension were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of hypertension was 25.19%(age-adjusted prevalence 19.79%),and it increased with age(χ~2 =1732.818,P<0.001).The prevalence among males(24.95%) was lower than that among females(25.48%),but the difference was not significant(χ~2=0.400,P = 0.527).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the old age,overweight or obesity,family history of hypertension,and central obesity were the risk factors for hypertension.The regular consumption of beans/bean products,and physical activity were the protective factors for hypertension.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is high among rural residents in Xingguo county.The emphasis should be placed on the effective prevention and control measures for the high-risk population.Physical exercise,weight control and regular monitoring of blood pressure should be carried out to reduce the harm of hypertension.
引文
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[12]王伟文,彭大庆,王欣,等.成都地区城乡居民高血压患病情况调查及危险因素分析[J].中国循证医学杂志,2014,14(2):165-168.
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[15]乐熙文,洪凌燕,周小军,等.南昌市西湖区居民高血压相关因素的非条件Logistic回归分析[J].南昌大学学报:医学版,2013,53(6):72-76.
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[17]Wu Y,Huxley R,Li L,et al.Prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in China:data from the China National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002[J].Circulation,2008,118(25):2679-2686.
[18]李立明,饶克勤,孔灵芝,等.中国居民2002年营养与健康状况调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2005,26(7):478-484.
[19]张晴晴,徐子淇,孙俞莉,等.长春市18~79岁居民高血压患病状况及影响因素城乡对比分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(1):5-9.
[20]漆莉,丁贤彬,毛德强,等.重庆市50岁及以上城乡居民高血压患病特点及影响因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(9):739-742.
[2]Wang Q,Liu H,Lu Z X,et al.Role of the new rural cooperative medical system in alleviating catastrophic medical payments for hypertension,stroke and coronary heart disease in poor rural areas of China[J].BMC Public Health,2014,14:907.
[3]王增武,王馨,李贤,等.中年人群高血压患病率及控制状况的演变趋势[J].中华高血压杂志,2008,16(11):1033-1036.
[4]田野,陈娟,王海鹏,等.1991-2009年我国成人高血压流行趋势分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2014,15(2):138-142.
[5]朱丽萍,刘杰,李艾,等.江西省城乡居民高血压流行情况及影响因素研究[J].中国健康教育,2012,28(1):40-42.
[6]林细明,邹蓉,李协,等.广州市快速城市化农村地区慢性非传染性疾病现况调查[J].中国当代医药,2014,21(6):141-144.
[7]丁贤彬,王豫林,毛德强,等.重庆市部分农村居民高血压患病率及影响因素分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2014,22(1):43-46.
[8]He L,Tang X,Song Y,et al.Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in a rural district of Beijing,China:apopulation-based survey of 58,308 residents[J].BMC Public Health,2012,12:34.
[9]赵秀丽,陈捷,崔艳丽,等.中国14省市高血压现状的流行病学研究[J].中华医学杂志,2006,86(16):1148-1152.
[10]Gao Y,Chen G,Tian H,et al.Prevalence of hypertension in china:a cross-sectional study[J],PLoS One,2013,8(6):e65938.
[11]刘伟佳,陈维清,罗不凡,等.广州市城乡居民高血压相关影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2007,23(1):34-36.
[12]王伟文,彭大庆,王欣,等.成都地区城乡居民高血压患病情况调查及危险因素分析[J].中国循证医学杂志,2014,14(2):165-168.
[13]Ma W J,Tang J L,Zhang Y H,et al.Hypertension prevalence,awareness,treatment,control,and associated factors in adults in southern China[J].Am J Hypertens,2012,25(5):590-596.
[14]种冠峰,相有章.中国高血压病流行病学及影响因素研究进展[J].中国公共卫生,2010,26(3):301-302.
[15]乐熙文,洪凌燕,周小军,等.南昌市西湖区居民高血压相关因素的非条件Logistic回归分析[J].南昌大学学报:医学版,2013,53(6):72-76.
[16]Shihab H M,Meoni L A,Chu A Y,et al.Body mass index and risk of incident hypertension over the life course:the Johns Hopkins Precursors Study[J].Circulation,2012,126(25):2983-2989.
[17]Wu Y,Huxley R,Li L,et al.Prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in China:data from the China National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002[J].Circulation,2008,118(25):2679-2686.
[18]李立明,饶克勤,孔灵芝,等.中国居民2002年营养与健康状况调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2005,26(7):478-484.
[19]张晴晴,徐子淇,孙俞莉,等.长春市18~79岁居民高血压患病状况及影响因素城乡对比分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(1):5-9.
[20]漆莉,丁贤彬,毛德强,等.重庆市50岁及以上城乡居民高血压患病特点及影响因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(9):739-742.